nginx以upstream分组的方式实现tcp反向代理
nginx在1.9版本开始支持tcp模式的负载均衡，在1.9.13版本开始支持udp协议的负载均衡，udp主要用于DNS的域名解析，其配置方式和指令和http代理类似，其基于ngx_steam_proxy_module模块实现tcp负载，另外基于ngx_stream_upstream_module实现后端服务器的分组转发、权重分配、状态监测、调度算法等高级功能 官方文档的example：
worker_processes auto;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log info;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
stream { #定义stream
upstream backend { #定义后端服务器
hash $remote_addr consistent; #定义调度算法
server backend1.example.com:12345 weight=5; #定义具体的server信息
server 127.0.0.1:12345 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s;
server unix:/tmp/backend3;
}
upstream dns {
server 192.168.0.1:53535;
server dns.example.com:53;
}
server {
listen 12345;
proxy_connect_timeout 1s;
proxy_timeout 3s;
proxy_pass backend;
}
server {
listen 127.0.0.1:53 udp reuseport;
proxy_timeout 20s;
proxy_pass dns;
}
server {
listen [::1]:12345;
proxy_pass unix:/tmp/stream.socket;
}
}
upstream分组实现tcp反向代理
| server | IP |
|---|---|
| nginx | 172.20.27.10 |
| mysql | 172.20.27.20 |
| client | 172.20.27.100 |
反向代理端操作
1.在nginx服务器上定义stream
[root@nginx ~]# vim /apps/nginx/conf/tcp/tcp_proxy.conf
stream { #定义stream
upstream mysql_host { #定义后端服务器
server 172.20.27.20:3306;
}
server {
listen 172.20.27.10:3306;
proxy_connect_timeout 5s;
proxy_timeout 5s;
proxy_pass mysql_host
}
}
2.在著配置文件中导入tcp_proxy.conf配置
[root@nginx ~]# vim /apps/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
include /apps/nginx/conf/tcp/*.conf; #需要定在main配置段
3.检查配置文件启动服务
[root@nginx ~]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /apps/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /apps/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@nginx ~]# nginx -s reload
mariadb端操作
1.安装MySQL
[root@mariadb ~]# yum install mariadb-server -y
2.启动MySQL服务
[root@mariadb ~]# systemctl start mariadb
3.为反向代理授权一个账户
[root@mariadb ~]# msyql -e "GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'172.20.27.10' IDENTIFIED BY '111111';"
测试
使用客户端去访问反向代理的3306端口
[root@client ~]# mysql -uroot -p111111 -h172.20.27.10 -P3306
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 8
Server version: 5.5.60-MariaDB MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]>
