一. Base64的编码规则


Base64编码的思想是是采用64个基本的ASCII码字符对数据进行重新编码。它将需要编码的数据拆分成字节数组。以3个字节为一组。按顺序排列24 位数据,再把这24位数据分成4组,即每组6位。再在每组的的最高位前补两个0凑足一个字节。这样就把一个3字节为一组的数据重新编码成了4个字节。当所要编码的数据的字节数不是3的整倍数,也就是说在分组时最后一组不够3个字节。这时在最后一组填充1到2个0字节。并在最后编码完成后在结尾添加1到2个 “=”。

例:将对ABC进行BASE64编码:

1、首先取ABC对应的ASCII码值。A(65)B(66)C(67);
2、再取二进制值A(01000001)B(01000010)C(01000011);
 3、然后把这三个字节的二进制码接起来(010000010100001001000011);
4、 再以6位为单位分成4个数据块,并在最高位填充两个0后形成4个字节的编码后的值,(00010000)(00010100)(00001001)(00000011),其中蓝色部分为真实数据;
 5、再把这四个字节数据转化成10进制数得(16)(20)(9)(3);
 6、最后根据BASE64给出的64个基本字符表,查出对应的ASCII码字符(Q)(U)(J)(D),这里的值实际就是数据在字符表中的索引。

注:BASE64字符表:ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/

二.解码规则

解码过程就是把4个字节再还原成3个字节再根据不同的数据形式把字节数组重新整理成数据。

三. C#中的实现

 编码:

byte[] bytes = Encoding.Default.GetBytes("要转换的字符");
string str = Convert.ToBase64String(bytes);



解码:


byte[] outputb = Convert.FromBase64String(str);
string orgStr = Encoding.Default.GetString(outputb);



C#图片的Base64编码和解码 

图片的Base64编码:


System.IO.MemoryStream m = new System.IO.MemoryStream();
 System.Drawing.Bitmap bp = new System.Drawing.Bitmap(@“c:\demo.GIF”);
 bp.Save(m, System.Drawing.Imaging.ImageFormat.Gif);
byte[]b= m.GetBuffer();
string base64string=Convert.ToBase64String(b);



Base64字符串解码:


byte[] bt = Convert.FromBase64String(base64string);
 System.IO.MemoryStream stream = new System.IO.MemoryStream(bt);
 Bitmap bitmap = new Bitmap(stream);
 pictureBox1.Image = bitmap;




http://www.weste.net/html/200408/20040803QBI163429.html

把bmp图片转换为jpg图片(C#)



using System.IO;  
using System.Drawing.Imaging;  
   
public class imgConvert  
{  
private void BMPToJPG(string bmpFileName,string jpgFileName)  
    {  
           
       System.Drawing.Image img;  
       img=ReturnPhoto(bmpFileName);  
     
       img.Save(jpgFileName,ImageFormat.Jpeg);  
    }  
   
private Image ReturnPhoto(string bmpFileName)  
    {  
       System.IO.FileStream stream ;  
       stream=File.OpenRead(bmpFileName);  
new Bitmap(stream);  
//得到原图  
//创建指定大小的图  
null, new IntPtr());  
       Graphics g=Graphics.FromImage(newImage);  
//将原图画到指定的图上  
       g.Dispose();  
       stream.Close();  
return newImage;  
    }  
}



http://www.csframework.com/archive/2/arc-2-20110617-1635.htm

 PNG ->JPG, BMP -> PNG按比例缩小图片



using System;  
using System.Collections.Generic;  
using System.Text;  
using System.IO;  
using System.Drawing;  
using System.Drawing.Imaging;  
  
namespace www.CSFramework.com  
{  
public class CImageLibrary  
   {  
public enum ValidateImageResult { OK, InvalidFileSize, InvalidImageSize }  
        
//检查图片大小   
public static ValidateImageResult ValidateImage(string file, int MAX_FILE_SIZE, int MAX_WIDTH, int MAX_HEIGHT)  
      {  
byte[] bs = File.ReadAllBytes(file);  
           
double size = (bs.Length / 1024);  
//大于50KB   
if (size > MAX_FILE_SIZE) return ValidateImageResult.InvalidFileSize;  
         Image img = Image.FromFile(file);  
if (img.Width > MAX_WIDTH || img.Height > MAX_HEIGHT) return ValidateImageResult.InvalidImageSize;  
return ValidateImageResult.OK;  
      }  
        
//按宽度比例缩小图片   
public static Image GetOutputSizeImage(Image imgSource, int MAX_WIDTH)  
      {  
         Image imgOutput = imgSource;  
           
new Size(imgSource.Width, imgSource.Height);  
if (imgSource.Width <= 3 || imgSource.Height <= 3) return imgSource; //3X3大小的图片不转换   
           
if (imgSource.Width > MAX_WIDTH || imgSource.Height > MAX_WIDTH)  
         {  
double rate = MAX_WIDTH / (double)imgSource.Width;  
              
if (imgSource.Height * rate > MAX_WIDTH)  
double)imgSource.Height;  
              
            size.Width = Convert.ToInt32(imgSource.Width * rate);  
            size.Height = Convert.ToInt32(imgSource.Height * rate);  
              
null, IntPtr.Zero);  
         }  
           
return imgOutput;  
      }  
        
//按比例缩小图片   
public static Image GetOutputSizeImage(Image imgSource, Size outSize)  
      {  
null, IntPtr.Zero);  
return imgOutput;  
      }  
        
/// <summary>   
/// 由图片文件转字节   
/// </summary>   
public static byte[] GetImageBytes(string imageFileName)  
      {  
         Image img = Image.FromFile(imageFileName);  
return GetImageBytes(img);  
      }  
        
/// <summary>   
/// 图片转字节   
/// </summary>   
public static byte[] GetImageBytes(Image img)  
      {  
if (img == null) return null;  
try  
         {  
new MemoryStream();  
            img.Save(ms, ImageFormat.Jpeg);  
byte[] bs = ms.ToArray();  
            ms.Close();  
return bs;  
         }  
catch { return null; }  
      }  
        
/// <summary>   
/// 字节转图片   
/// </summary>   
public static Image FromBytes(byte[] bs)  
      {  
if (bs == null) return null;  
try  
         {  
new MemoryStream(bs);  
            Image returnImage = Image.FromStream(ms);  
            ms.Close();  
return returnImage;  
         }  
catch { return null; }  
      }  
        
/// <summary>   
/// 将其它格式的图片转为JPG文件   
/// </summary>   
public static Image ToJPG(Image source)  
      {  
//注意,先定义Bitmap类,否则会报A generic error occurred in GDI+   
new Bitmap(source);  
new MemoryStream();  
         bmp.Save(ms, ImageFormat.Jpeg);  
return Bitmap.FromStream(ms);  
      }  
        
/// <summary>   
/// 将其它格式的图片转为PNG文件   
/// </summary>   
public static Image ToPNG(Image source)  
      {  
//注意,先定义Bitmap类,否则会报A generic error occurred in GDI+   
new Bitmap(source);  
new MemoryStream();  
         bmp.Save(ms, ImageFormat.Png);  
return FromBytes(ms.ToArray());  
      }  
        
//保存文件   
public static void SaveFile(string fileName, Image source)  
      {  
         source.Save(fileName, source.RawFormat);  
      }  
        
   }  
}