0. 我这边环境需要的配置参数
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
max_allowed_packet = 1G
innodb_log_file_size = 30M
innodb_log_buffer_size = 512M
innodb_file_per_table = 1
max_connections=2000
lower-case-table-names=1
innodb_strict_mode = 0
character_set_server=utf8
[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8
1. 默认配置文件的位置:
/etc/my.cnf
2. 默认日志的位置
/var/log/mysqld.log
3. 默认建库语句
mysqld --initialize
4. 查看配置信息
mysqld --verbose --help
5. 默认数据文件位置
/var/lib/mysql
6. 启动命令
systemctl restart mysqld
7.查看initialize 默认密码
cat /var/log/mysqld.log |grep password
8. 登录mysql用的命令
mysql -uroot -p
输入密码
9. 查看 mysql参数的命令
show variables like '%something%'
10. 部分参数
[mysql] # 设置mysql客户端默认字符集 default-character-set=utf8 [mysqld] # 设置3306端口 port = 3306 # 设置mysql的安装目录 basedir=D:\Tool\mysql-8.0.16-winx64 # 设置 mysql数据库的数据的存放目录，MySQL 8+ 不需要以下配置，系统自己生成即可，否则有可能报错 # datadir=C:\\web\\sqldata # 允许最大连接数 max_connections=20 # 服务端使用的字符集默认为8比特编码的latin1字符集 character-set-server=utf8 # 创建新表时将使用的默认存储引擎 default-storage-engine=INNODB
可以简单看一下里面的内容
mysqld Ver 8.0.21 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Starts the MySQL database server. Usage: mysqld [OPTIONS] Default options are read from the following files in the given order: /etc/my.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf /usr/etc/my.cnf ~/.my.cnf The following groups are read: mysqld server mysqld-8.0 The following options may be given as the first argument: --print-defaults Print the program argument list and exit. --no-defaults Don't read default options from any option file, except for login file. --defaults-file=# Only read default options from the given file #. --defaults-extra-file=# Read this file after the global files are read. --defaults-group-suffix=# Also read groups with concat(group, suffix) --login-path=# Read this path from the login file. --abort-slave-event-count=# Option used by mysql-test for debugging and testing of replication. --activate-all-roles-on-login Automatically set all granted roles as active after the user has authenticated successfully. --admin-address=name IP address to bind to for service connection. Address can be an IPv4 address, IPv6 address, or host name. Wildcard values *, ::, 0.0.0.0 are not allowed. Address value can have following optional network namespace separated by the delimiter / from the address value. E.g., the following value 192.168.1.1/red specifies IP addresses to listen for incoming TCP connections that have to be placed into the namespace 'red'. Using of network namespace requires its support from underlying Operating System. Attempt to specify a network namespace for a platform that doesn't support it results in error during socket creation. --admin-port=# Port number to use for service connection, built-in default (33062) --admin-ssl Enable SSL for admin interface (automatically enabled with other flags). (Defaults to on; use --skip-admin-ssl to disable.) --admin-ssl-ca=name CA file in PEM format (check OpenSSL docs, implies --ssl) for --admin-port --admin-ssl-capath=name CA directory (check OpenSSL docs, implies --ssl) for --admin-port --admin-ssl-cert=name X509 cert in PEM format (implies --ssl) for --admin-port --admin-ssl-cipher=name SSL cipher to use (implies --ssl) for --admin-port --admin-ssl-crl=name CRL file in PEM format (check OpenSSL docs, implies --ssl) for --admin-port --admin-ssl-crlpath=name CRL directory (check OpenSSL docs, implies --ssl) for --admin-port --admin-ssl-key=name X509 key in PEM format (implies --ssl) for --admin-port --admin-tls-ciphersuites=name TLS v1.3 ciphersuite to use (implies --ssl) for --admin-port --admin-tls-version=name TLS version for --admin-port, permitted values are TLSv1, TLSv1.1, TLSv1.2, TLSv1.3 --allow-suspicious-udfs Allows use of UDFs consisting of only one symbol xxx() without corresponding xxx_init() or xxx_deinit(). That also means that one can load any function from any library, for example exit() from libc.so -a, --ansi Use ANSI SQL syntax instead of MySQL syntax. This mode will also set transaction isolation level 'serializable'. --archive[=name] Enable or disable ARCHIVE plugin. Possible values are ON, OFF, FORCE (don't start if the plugin fails to load). --auto-generate-certs Auto generate SSL certificates at server startup if --ssl is set to ON and none of the other SSL system variables are specified and certificate/key files are not present in data directory. (Defaults to on; use --skip-auto-generate-certs to disable.) --auto-increment-increment[=#] Auto-increment columns are incremented by this --auto-increment-offset[=#] Offset added to Auto-increment columns. Used when auto-increment-increment != 1 --autocommit Set default value for autocommit (0 or 1) (Defaults to on; use --skip-autocommit to disable.) --automatic-sp-privileges Creating and dropping stored procedures alters ACLs (Defaults to on; use --skip-automatic-sp-privileges to disable.) --avoid-temporal-upgrade When this option is enabled, the pre-5.6.4 temporal types are not upgraded to the new format for ALTER TABLE requests ADD/CHANGE/MODIFY COLUMN, ADD INDEX or FORCE operation. This variable is deprecated and will be removed in a future release. --back-log=# The number of outstanding connection requests MySQL can have. This comes into play when the main MySQL thread gets very many connection requests in a very short time -b, --basedir=name Path to installation directory. All paths are usually resolved relative to this --big-tables Allow big result sets by saving all temporary sets on file (Solves most 'table full' errors) --bind-address=name IP address(es) to bind to. Syntax: address[,address]..., where address can be an IPv4 address, IPv6 address, host name or one of the wildcard values *, ::, 0.0.0.0. In case more than one address is specified in a comma-separated list, wildcard values are not allowed. Every address can have optional network namespace separated by the delimiter / from the address value. E.g., the following value 192.168.1.1/red,172.16.1.1/green,193.168.1.1 specifies three IP addresses to listen for incoming TCP connections two of that have to be placed in corresponding namespaces: the address 192.168.1.1 must be placed into the namespace red and the address 172.16.1.1 must be placed into the namespace green. Using of network namespace requires its support from underlying Operating System. Attempt to specify a network namespace for a platform that doesn't support it results in error during socket creation. --binlog-cache-size=# The size of the transactional cache for updates to transactional engines for the binary log. If you often use transactions containing many statements, you can increase this to get more performance --binlog-checksum=name Type of BINLOG_CHECKSUM_ALG. Include checksum for log events in the binary log. Possible values are NONE and CRC32; default is CRC32. --binlog-direct-non-transactional-updates Causes updates to non-transactional engines using statement format to be written directly to binary log. Before using this option make sure that there are no dependencies between transactional and non-transactional tables such as in the statement INSERT INTO t_myisam SELECT * FROM t_innodb; otherwise, slaves may diverge from the master. --binlog-do-db=name Tells the master it should log updates for the specified database, and exclude all others not explicitly mentioned. --binlog-encryption Enable/disable binary and relay logs encryption. --binlog-error-action=name When statements cannot be written to the binary log due to a fatal error, the server can either ignore the error and let the master continue, or abort. --binlog-expire-logs-seconds=# If non-zero, binary logs will be purged after binlog_expire_logs_seconds seconds; If both this option and expire_logs_days are set to non-zero values, this option takes priority. Purges happen at startup and at binary log rotation. --binlog-format=name What form of binary logging the master will use: either ROW for row-based binary logging, STATEMENT for statement-based binary logging, or MIXED. MIXED is statement-based binary logging except for those statements where only row-based is correct: those which involve user-defined functions (i.e. UDFs) or the UUID() function; for those, row-based binary logging is automatically used. If NDBCLUSTER is enabled and binlog-format is MIXED, the format switches to row-based and back implicitly per each query accessing an NDBCLUSTER table --binlog-group-commit-sync-delay=# The number of microseconds the server waits for the binary log group commit sync queue to fill before continuing. Default: 0. Min: 0. Max: 1000000. --binlog-group-commit-sync-no-delay-count=# If there are this many transactions in the commit sync queue and the server is waiting for more transactions to be enqueued (as set using --binlog-group-commit-sync-delay), the commit procedure resumes. --binlog-gtid-simple-recovery If this option is enabled, the server does not open more than two binary logs when initializing GTID_PURGED and GTID_EXECUTED, either during server restart or when binary logs are being purged. Enabling this option is useful when the server has already generated many binary logs without GTID events (e.g., having GTID_MODE = OFF). Note: If this option is enabled, GLOBAL.GTID_EXECUTED and GLOBAL.GTID_PURGED may be initialized wrongly in two cases: (1) All binary logs were generated by MySQL 5.7.5 or older, and GTID_MODE was ON for some binary logs but OFF for the newest binary log. (2) The oldest existing binary log was generated by MySQL 5.7.5 or older, and SET GTID_PURGED was issued after the oldest binary log was generated. If a wrong set is computed in one of case (1) or case (2), it will remain wrong even if the server is later restarted with this option disabled. (Defaults to on; use --skip-binlog-gtid-simple-recovery to disable.) --binlog-ignore-db=name Tells the master that updates to the given database should not be logged to the binary log. --binlog-max-flush-queue-time=# The maximum time that the binary log group commit will keep reading transactions before it flush the transactions to the binary log (and optionally sync, depending on the value of sync_binlog). --binlog-order-commits Issue internal commit calls in the same order as transactions are written to the binary log. Default is to order commits. (Defaults to on; use --skip-binlog-order-commits to disable.) --binlog-rotate-encryption-master-key-at-startup Force binlog encryption master key rotation at startup --binlog-row-event-max-size=# The maximum size of a row-based binary log event in bytes. Rows will be grouped into events smaller than this size if possible. The value has to be a multiple of 256. --binlog-row-image=name Controls whether rows should be logged in 'FULL', 'NOBLOB' or 'MINIMAL' formats. 'FULL', means that all columns in the before and after image are logged. 'NOBLOB', means that mysqld avoids logging blob columns whenever possible (e.g. blob column was not changed or is not part of primary key). 'MINIMAL', means that a PK equivalent (PK columns or full row if there is no PK in the table) is logged in the before image, and only changed columns are logged in the after image. (Default: FULL). --binlog-row-metadata=name Controls whether metadata is logged using FULL or MINIMAL format. FULL causes all metadata to be logged; MINIMAL means that only metadata actually required by slave is logged. Default: MINIMAL. --binlog-row-value-options=name When set to PARTIAL_JSON, this option enables a space-efficient row-based binary log format for UPDATE statements that modify a JSON value using only the functions JSON_SET, JSON_REPLACE, and JSON_REMOVE. For such updates, only the modified parts of the JSON document are included in the binary log, so small changes of big documents may need significantly less space. --binlog-rows-query-log-events Allow writing of Rows_query_log events into binary log. --binlog-stmt-cache-size=# The size of the statement cache for updates to non-transactional engines for the binary log. If you often use statements updating a great number of rows, you can increase this to get more performance --binlog-transaction-compression Whether to compress transactions or not. Transactions are compressed using the ZSTD compression algorythm. --binlog-transaction-compression-level-zstd=# Specifies the transaction compression level for ZSTD transaction compression in the binary log. --binlog-transaction-dependency-history-size=# Maximum number of rows to keep in the writeset history. --binlog-transaction-dependency-tracking=name Selects the source of dependency information from which to assess which transactions can be executed in parallel by the slave's multi-threaded applier. Possible values are COMMIT_ORDER, WRITESET and WRITESET_SESSION. --blackhole[=name] Enable or disable BLACKHOLE plugin. Possible values are ON, OFF, FORCE (don't start if the plugin fails to load). --block-encryption-mode=name mode for AES_ENCRYPT/AES_DECRYPT --bulk-insert-buffer-size=# Size of tree cache used in bulk insert optimisation. Note that this is a limit per thread! --caching-sha2-password-auto-generate-rsa-keys Auto generate RSA keys at server startup if corresponding system variables are not specified and key files are not present at the default location. (Defaults to on; use --skip-caching-sha2-password-auto-generate-rsa-keys to disable.) --caching-sha2-password-private-key-path=name A fully qualified path to the private RSA key used for authentication. --caching-sha2-password-public-key-path=name A fully qualified path to the public RSA key used for authentication. --character-set-client-handshake Don't ignore client side character set value sent during handshake. (Defaults to on; use --skip-character-set-client-handshake to disable.) --character-set-filesystem=name Set the filesystem character set. -C, --character-set-server=name Set the default character set. --character-sets-dir=name Directory where character sets are --check-proxy-users If set to FALSE (the default), then proxy user identity will not be mapped for authentication plugins which support mapping from grant tables. When set to TRUE, users associated with authentication plugins which signal proxy user mapping should be done according to GRANT PROXY privilege definition. -r, --chroot=name Chroot mysqld daemon during startup. --collation-server=name Set the default collation. --completion-type=name The transaction completion type, one of NO_CHAIN, CHAIN, RELEASE --concurrent-insert[=name] Use concurrent insert with MyISAM. Possible values are NEVER, AUTO, ALWAYS --connect-timeout=# The number of seconds the mysqld server is waiting for a connect packet before responding with 'Bad handshake' --console Write error output on screen; don't remove the console window on windows. --core-file Write core on errors. --create-admin-listener-thread Use a dedicated thread for listening incoming connections on admin interface --cte-max-recursion-depth=# Abort a recursive common table expression if it does more than this number of iterations. -D, --daemonize Run mysqld as sysv daemon -h, --datadir=name Path to the database root directory --default-authentication-plugin=name The default authentication plugin used by the server to hash the password. --default-password-lifetime=# The number of days after which the password will expire. --default-storage-engine=name The default storage engine for new tables --default-table-encryption Database and tablespace are created with this default encryption property unless the user specifies an explicit encryption property. --default-time-zone=name Set the default time zone. --default-tmp-storage-engine=name The default storage engine for new explicit temporary tables --default-week-format=# The default week format used by WEEK() functions --delay-key-write[=name] Type of DELAY_KEY_WRITE --delayed-insert-limit=# After inserting delayed_insert_limit rows, the INSERT DELAYED handler will check if there are any SELECT statements pending. If so, it allows these to execute before continuing. This variable is deprecated along with INSERT DELAYED. --delayed-insert-timeout=# How long a INSERT DELAYED thread should wait for INSERT statements before terminating. This variable is deprecated along with INSERT DELAYED. --delayed-queue-size=# What size queue (in rows) should be allocated for handling INSERT DELAYED. If the queue becomes full, any client that does INSERT DELAYED will wait until there is room in the queue again. This variable is deprecated along with INSERT DELAYED. --disabled-storage-engines=name Limit CREATE TABLE for the storage engines listed --disconnect-on-expired-password Give clients that don't signal password expiration support execution time error(s) instead of connection error (Defaults to on; use --skip-disconnect-on-expired-password to disable.) --disconnect-slave-event-count=# Option used by mysql-test for debugging and testing of replication. --div-precision-increment=# Precision of the result of '/' operator will be increased on that value --early-plugin-load=name Optional semicolon-separated list of plugins to load before storage engine initialization, where each plugin is identified as name=library, where name is the plugin name and library is the plugin library in plugin_dir. --end-markers-in-json In JSON output ("EXPLAIN FORMAT=JSON" and optimizer trace), if variable is set to 1, repeats the structure's key (if it has one) near the closing bracket --enforce-gtid-consistency[=name] Prevents execution of statements that would be impossible to log in a transactionally safe manner. Currently, the disallowed statements include CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE inside transactions, all updates to non-transactional tables, and CREATE TABLE ... SELECT. --eq-range-index-dive-limit=# The optimizer will use existing index statistics instead of doing index dives for equality ranges if the number of equality ranges for the index is larger than or equal to this number. If set to 0, index dives are always used. --event-scheduler[=name] Enable the event scheduler. Possible values are ON, OFF, and DISABLED (keep the event scheduler completely deactivated, it cannot be activated run-time) -T, --exit-info[=#] Used for debugging. Use at your own risk. --expire-logs-days=# If non-zero, binary logs will be purged after expire_logs_days days; If this option alone is set on the command line or in a configuration file, it overrides the default value for binlog-expire-logs-seconds. If both options are set to nonzero values, binlog-expire-logs-seconds takes priority. Possible purges happen at startup and at binary log rotation. --explicit-defaults-for-timestamp This option causes CREATE TABLE to create all TIMESTAMP columns as NULL with DEFAULT NULL attribute, Without this option, TIMESTAMP columns are NOT NULL and have implicit DEFAULT clauses. The old behavior is deprecated. The variable can only be set by users having the SUPER privilege. (Defaults to on; use --skip-explicit-defaults-for-timestamp to disable.) --external-locking Use system (external) locking (disabled by default). With this option enabled you can run myisamchk to test (not repair) tables while the MySQL server is running. Disable with --skip-external-locking. --federated[=name] Enable or disable FEDERATED plugin. Possible values are ON, OFF, FORCE (don't start if the plugin fails to load). --flush Flush MyISAM tables to disk between SQL commands --flush-time=# A dedicated thread is created to flush all tables at the given interval --ft-boolean-syntax=name List of operators for MATCH ... AGAINST ( ... IN BOOLEAN MODE) --ft-max-word-len=# The maximum length of the word to be included in a FULLTEXT index. Note: FULLTEXT indexes must be rebuilt after changing this variable --ft-min-word-len=# The minimum length of the word to be included in a FULLTEXT index. Note: FULLTEXT indexes must be rebuilt after changing this variable --ft-query-expansion-limit=# Number of best matches to use for query expansion --ft-stopword-file=name Use stopwords from this file instead of built-in list --gdb Set up signals usable for debugging. --general-log Log connections and queries to a table or log file. Defaults to logging to a file hostname.log, or if --log-output=TABLE is used, to a table mysql.general_log. --general-log-file=name Log connections and queries to given file --generated-random-password-length=# Determines the length randomly generated passwords in CREATE USER-,SET PASSWORD- or ALTER USER statements --group-concat-max-len=# The maximum length of the result of function GROUP_CONCAT() --group-replication-consistency[=name] Transaction consistency guarantee, possible values: EVENTUAL, BEFORE_ON_PRIMARY_FAILOVER, BEFORE, AFTER, BEFORE_AND_AFTER --gtid-executed-compression-period[=#] When binlog is disabled, a background thread wakes up to compress the gtid_executed table every gtid_executed_compression_period transactions, as a special case, if variable is 0, the thread never wakes up to compress the gtid_executed table. --gtid-mode=name Controls whether Global Transaction Identifiers (GTIDs) are enabled. Can be OFF, OFF_PERMISSIVE, ON_PERMISSIVE, or ON. OFF means that no transaction has a GTID. OFF_PERMISSIVE means that new transactions (committed in a client session using GTID_NEXT='AUTOMATIC') are not assigned any GTID, and replicated transactions are allowed to have or not have a GTID. ON_PERMISSIVE means that new transactions are assigned a GTID, and replicated transactions are allowed to have or not have a GTID. ON means that all transactions have a GTID. ON is required on a master before any slave can use MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1. To safely switch from OFF to ON, first set all servers to OFF_PERMISSIVE, then set all servers to ON_PERMISSIVE, then wait for all transactions without a GTID to be replicated and executed on all servers, and finally set all servers to GTID_MODE = ON. -?, --help Display this help and exit. --histogram-generation-max-mem-size=# Maximum amount of memory available for generating histograms --host-cache-size=# How many host names should be cached to avoid resolving. --information-schema-stats-expiry=# The number of seconds after which mysqld server will fetch data from storage engine and replace the data in cache. --init-connect=name Command(s) that are executed for each new connection --init-file=name Read SQL commands from this file at startup --init-slave=name Command(s) that are executed by a slave server each time the SQL thread starts -I, --initialize Create the default database and exit. Create a super user with a random expired password and store it into the log. --initialize-insecure Create the default database and exit. Create a super user with empty password. --innodb Deprecated option. Provided for backward compatibility only. The option has no effect on the server behaviour. InnoDB is always enabled. The option will be removed in a future release. --innodb-adaptive-flushing Attempt flushing dirty pages to avoid IO bursts at checkpoints. (Defaults to on; use --skip-innodb-adaptive-flushing to disable.) --innodb-adaptive-flushing-lwm=# Percentage of log capacity below which no adaptive flushing happens. --innodb-adaptive-hash-index Enable InnoDB adaptive hash index (enabled by default). Disable with --skip-innodb-adaptive-hash-index. (Defaults to on; use --skip-innodb-adaptive-hash-index to disable.) --innodb-adaptive-hash-index-parts[=#] Number of InnoDB Adapative Hash Index Partitions. (default = 8). --innodb-adaptive-max-sleep-delay=# The upper limit of the sleep delay in usec. Value of 0 disables it. --innodb-api-bk-commit-interval[=#] Background commit interval in seconds --innodb-api-disable-rowlock Disable row lock when direct access InnoDB through InnoDB APIs --innodb-api-enable-binlog Enable binlog for applications direct access InnoDB through InnoDB APIs --innodb-api-enable-mdl Enable MDL for applications direct access InnoDB through InnoDB APIs --innodb-api-trx-level[=#] InnoDB API transaction isolation level --innodb-autoextend-increment=# Data file autoextend increment in megabytes --innodb-autoinc-lock-mode=# The AUTOINC lock modes supported by InnoDB: 0 => Old style AUTOINC locking (for backward compatibility); 1 => New style AUTOINC locking; 2 => No AUTOINC locking (unsafe for SBR) --innodb-buffer-pool-chunk-size=# Size of a single memory chunk within each buffer pool instance for resizing buffer pool. Online buffer pool resizing happens at this granularity. --innodb-buffer-pool-dump-at-shutdown Dump the buffer pool into a file named @@innodb_buffer_pool_filename (Defaults to on; use --skip-innodb-buffer-pool-dump-at-shutdown to disable.) --innodb-buffer-pool-dump-now Trigger an immediate dump of the buffer pool into a file named @@innodb_buffer_pool_filename --innodb-buffer-pool-dump-pct=# Dump only the hottest N% of each buffer pool, defaults to 25 --innodb-buffer-pool-filename=name Filename to/from which to dump/load the InnoDB buffer pool --innodb-buffer-pool-in-core-file This option has no effect if @@core_file is OFF. If @@core_file is ON, and this option is OFF, then the core dump file will be generated only if it is possible to exclude buffer pool from it. As soon as it will be determined that such exclusion is impossible a warning will be emitted and @@core_file will be set to OFF to prevent generating a core dump. If this option is enabled (which is the default), then core dumping logic will not be affected. (Defaults to on; use --skip-innodb-buffer-pool-in-core-file to disable.) --innodb-buffer-pool-instances=# Number of buffer pool instances, set to higher value on high-end machines to increase scalability --innodb-buffer-pool-load-abort Abort a currently running load of the buffer pool --innodb-buffer-pool-load-at-startup Load the buffer pool from a file named @@innodb_buffer_pool_filename (Defaults to on; use --skip-innodb-buffer-pool-load-at-startup to disable.) --innodb-buffer-pool-load-now Trigger an immediate load of the buffer pool from a file named @@innodb_buffer_pool_filename --innodb-buffer-pool-size=# The size of the memory buffer InnoDB uses to cache data and indexes of its tables. --innodb-change-buffer-max-size=# Maximum on-disk size of change buffer in terms of percentage of the buffer pool. --innodb-change-buffering=name Buffer changes to reduce random access: OFF, ON, inserting, deleting, changing, or purging. --innodb-checksum-algorithm=name The algorithm InnoDB uses for page checksumming. Possible values are CRC32 (hardware accelerated if the CPU supports it) write crc32, allow any of the other checksums to match when reading; STRICT_CRC32 write crc32, do not allow other algorithms to match when reading; INNODB write a software calculated checksum, allow any other checksums to match when reading; STRICT_INNODB write a software calculated checksum, do not allow other algorithms to match when reading; NONE write a constant magic number, do not do any checksum verification when reading; STRICT_NONE write a constant magic number, do not allow values other than that magic number when reading; Files updated when this option is set to crc32 or strict_crc32 will not be readable by MySQL versions older than 5.6.3 --innodb-cmp-per-index-enabled Enable INFORMATION_SCHEMA.innodb_cmp_per_index, may have negative impact on performance (off by default) --innodb-commit-concurrency=# Helps in performance tuning in heavily concurrent environments. --innodb-compression-failure-threshold-pct[=#] If the compression failure rate of a table is greater than this number more padding is added to the pages to reduce the failures. A value of zero implies no padding --innodb-compression-level=# Compression level used for compressed row format. 0 is no compression, 1 is fastest, 9 is best compression and default is 6. --innodb-compression-pad-pct-max[=#] Percentage of empty space on a data page that can be reserved to make the page compressible. --innodb-concurrency-tickets=# Number of times a thread is allowed to enter InnoDB within the same SQL query after it has once got the ticket --innodb-data-file-path=name Path to individual files and their sizes. --innodb-data-home-dir=name The common part for InnoDB table spaces. --innodb-deadlock-detect Enable/disable InnoDB deadlock detector (default ON). if set to OFF, deadlock detection is skipped, and we rely on innodb_lock_wait_timeout in case of deadlock. (Defaults to on; use --skip-innodb-deadlock-detect to disable.) --innodb-dedicated-server Automatically scale innodb_buffer_pool_size and innodb_log_file_size based on system memory. Also set innodb_flush_method=O_DIRECT_NO_FSYNC, if supported --innodb-default-row-format=name The default ROW FORMAT for all innodb tables created without explicit ROW_FORMAT. Possible values are REDUNDANT, COMPACT, and DYNAMIC. The ROW_FORMAT value COMPRESSED is not allowed --innodb-directories=name List of directories 'dir1;dir2;..;dirN' to scan for tablespace files. Default is to scan 'innodb-data-home-dir;innodb-undo-directory;datadir' --innodb-disable-sort-file-cache Whether to disable OS system file cache for sort I/O --innodb-doublewrite Enable InnoDB doublewrite buffer (enabled by default). Disable with --skip-innodb-doublewrite. (Defaults to on; use --skip-innodb-doublewrite to disable.) --innodb-doublewrite-batch-size=# Number of double write pages to write in a batch --innodb-doublewrite-dir=name Use a separate directory for the doublewrite buffer files, --innodb-doublewrite-files=# Number of double write files --innodb-doublewrite-pages=# Number of double write pages per thread --innodb-fast-shutdown[=#] Speeds up the shutdown process of the InnoDB storage engine. Possible values are 0, 1 (faster) or 2 (fastest - crash-like). --innodb-file-per-table Stores each InnoDB table to an .ibd file in the database dir. (Defaults to on; use --skip-innodb-file-per-table to disable.) --innodb-fill-factor=# Percentage of B-tree page filled during bulk insert --innodb-flush-log-at-timeout[=#] Write and flush logs every (n) second. --innodb-flush-log-at-trx-commit[=#] Set to 0 (write and flush once per second), 1 (write and flush at each commit), or 2 (write at commit, flush once per second). --innodb-flush-method=name With which method to flush data --innodb-flush-neighbors[=#] Set to 0 (don't flush neighbors from buffer pool), 1 (flush contiguous neighbors from buffer pool) or 2 (flush neighbors from buffer pool), when flushing a block --innodb-flush-sync Allow IO bursts at the checkpoints ignoring io_capacity setting. (Defaults to on; use --skip-innodb-flush-sync to disable.) --innodb-flushing-avg-loops=# Number of iterations over which the background flushing is averaged. --innodb-force-load-corrupted Force InnoDB to load metadata of corrupted table. --innodb-force-recovery=# Helps to save your data in case the disk image of the database becomes corrupt. --innodb-fsync-threshold=# The value of this variable determines how often InnoDB calls fsync when creating a new file. Default is zero which would make InnoDB flush the entire file at once before closing it. --innodb-ft-aux-table FTS internal auxiliary table to be checked --innodb-ft-cache-size=# InnoDB Fulltext search cache size in bytes --innodb-ft-enable-diag-print Whether to enable additional FTS diagnostic printout --innodb-ft-enable-stopword Create FTS index with stopword. (Defaults to on; use --skip-innodb-ft-enable-stopword to disable.) --innodb-ft-max-token-size=# InnoDB Fulltext search maximum token size in characters --innodb-ft-min-token-size=# InnoDB Fulltext search minimum token size in characters --innodb-ft-num-word-optimize[=#] InnoDB Fulltext search number of words to optimize for each optimize table call --innodb-ft-result-cache-limit=# InnoDB Fulltext search query result cache limit in bytes --innodb-ft-server-stopword-table[=name] The user supplied stopword table name. --innodb-ft-sort-pll-degree=# InnoDB Fulltext search parallel sort degree, will round up to nearest power of 2 number --innodb-ft-total-cache-size=# Total memory allocated for InnoDB Fulltext Search cache --innodb-ft-user-stopword-table[=name] User supplied stopword table name, effective in the session level. --innodb-idle-flush-pct=# Up to what percentage of dirty pages to be flushed when server is found idle. --innodb-io-capacity=# Number of IOPs the server can do. Tunes the background IO rate --innodb-io-capacity-max=# Limit to which innodb_io_capacity can be inflated. --innodb-lock-wait-timeout=# Timeout in seconds an InnoDB transaction may wait for a lock before being rolled back. Values above 100000000 disable the timeout. --innodb-log-buffer-size=# The size of the buffer which InnoDB uses to write log to the log files on disk. --innodb-log-checksums Whether to compute and require checksums for InnoDB redo log blocks (Defaults to on; use --skip-innodb-log-checksums to disable.) --innodb-log-compressed-pages Enables/disables the logging of entire compressed page images. InnoDB logs the compressed pages to prevent corruption if the zlib compression algorithm changes. When turned OFF, InnoDB will assume that the zlib compression algorithm doesn't change. (Defaults to on; use --skip-innodb-log-compressed-pages to disable.) --innodb-log-file-size=# Size of each log file (in bytes). --innodb-log-files-in-group=# Number of log files (when multiplied by innodb_log_file_size gives total size of log files). InnoDB writes to files in a circular fashion. --innodb-log-group-home-dir=name Path to InnoDB log files. --innodb-log-spin-cpu-abs-lwm=# Minimum value of cpu time for which spin-delay is used. Expressed in percentage of single cpu core. --innodb-log-spin-cpu-pct-hwm=# Maximum value of cpu time for which spin-delay is used. Expressed in percentage of all cpu cores. --innodb-log-wait-for-flush-spin-hwm=# Maximum value of average log flush time for which spin-delay is used. When flushing takes longer, user threads no longer spin when waiting forflushed redo. Expressed in microseconds. --innodb-log-write-ahead-size=# Log write ahead unit size to avoid read-on-write, it should match the OS cache block IO size. --innodb-lru-scan-depth=# How deep to scan LRU to keep it clean --innodb-max-dirty-pages-pct=# Percentage of dirty pages allowed in bufferpool. --innodb-max-dirty-pages-pct-lwm=# Percentage of dirty pages at which flushing kicks in. --innodb-max-purge-lag=# Desired maximum length of the purge queue (0 = no limit) --innodb-max-purge-lag-delay=# Maximum delay of user threads in micro-seconds --innodb-max-undo-log-size[=#] Maximum size of an UNDO tablespace in MB (If an UNDO tablespace grows beyond this size it will be truncated in due course). --innodb-monitor-disable=name Turn off a monitor counter --innodb-monitor-enable=name Turn on a monitor counter --innodb-monitor-reset=name Reset a monitor counter --innodb-monitor-reset-all=name Reset all values for a monitor counter --innodb-numa-interleave Use NUMA interleave memory policy to allocate InnoDB buffer pool. --innodb-old-blocks-pct=# Percentage of the buffer pool to reserve for 'old' blocks. --innodb-old-blocks-time=# Move blocks to the 'new' end of the buffer pool if the first access was at least this many milliseconds ago. The timeout is disabled if 0. --innodb-online-alter-log-max-size=# Maximum modification log file size for online index creation --innodb-open-files=# How many files at the maximum InnoDB keeps open at the same time. --innodb-optimize-fulltext-only Only optimize the Fulltext index of the table --innodb-page-cleaners[=#] Page cleaner threads can be from 1 to 64. Default is 4. --innodb-page-size[=#] Page size to use for all InnoDB tablespaces. --innodb-parallel-read-threads=# Number of threads to do parallel read. --innodb-print-all-deadlocks Print all deadlocks to MySQL error log (off by default) --innodb-print-ddl-logs Print all DDl logs to MySQL error log (off by default) --innodb-purge-batch-size[=#] Number of UNDO log pages to purge in one batch from the history list. --innodb-purge-rseg-truncate-frequency[=#] Dictates rate at which UNDO records are purged. Value N means purge rollback segment(s) on every Nth iteration of purge invocation --innodb-purge-threads[=#] Purge threads can be from 1 to 32. Default is 4. --innodb-random-read-ahead Whether to use read ahead for random access within an extent. --innodb-read-ahead-threshold=# Number of pages that must be accessed sequentially for InnoDB to trigger a readahead. --innodb-read-io-threads=# Number of background read I/O threads in InnoDB. --innodb-read-only Start InnoDB in read only mode (off by default) --innodb-redo-log-archive-dirs=name Limit the location of the redo log archive to the semicolon separated list of labeled directories --innodb-redo-log-encrypt Enable or disable Encryption of REDO tablespace. --innodb-replication-delay=# Replication thread delay (ms) on the slave server if innodb_thread_concurrency is reached (0 by default) --innodb-rollback-on-timeout Roll back the complete transaction on lock wait timeout, for 4.x compatibility (disabled by default) --innodb-rollback-segments[=#] Number of rollback segments per tablespace. This applies to the system tablespace, the temporary tablespace & any undo tablespace. --innodb-sort-buffer-size=# Memory buffer size for index creation --innodb-spin-wait-delay[=#] Maximum delay between polling for a spin lock (6 by default) --innodb-spin-wait-pause-multiplier=# Controls how many times in a row to use a PAUSE instruction to achieve one unit of delay in a spin lock (see @@innodb_spin_wait_delay), defaults to 50 --innodb-stats-auto-recalc InnoDB automatic recalculation of persistent statistics enabled for all tables unless overridden at table level (automatic recalculation is only done when InnoDB decides that the table has changed too much and needs a new statistics) (Defaults to on; use --skip-innodb-stats-auto-recalc to disable.) --innodb-stats-include-delete-marked Include delete marked records when calculating persistent statistics --innodb-stats-method=name Specifies how InnoDB index statistics collection code should treat NULLs. Possible values are NULLS_EQUAL (default), NULLS_UNEQUAL and NULLS_IGNORED --innodb-stats-on-metadata Enable statistics gathering for metadata commands such as SHOW TABLE STATUS for tables that use transient statistics (off by default) --innodb-stats-persistent InnoDB persistent statistics enabled for all tables unless overridden at table level (Defaults to on; use --skip-innodb-stats-persistent to disable.) --innodb-stats-persistent-sample-pages=# The number of leaf index pages to sample when calculating persistent statistics (by ANALYZE, default 20) --innodb-stats-transient-sample-pages=# The number of leaf index pages to sample when calculating transient statistics (if persistent statistics are not used, default 8) --innodb-status-file Enable SHOW ENGINE INNODB STATUS output in the innodb_status.<pid> file --innodb-status-output Enable InnoDB monitor output to the error log. --innodb-status-output-locks Enable InnoDB lock monitor output to the error log. Requires innodb_status_output=ON. --innodb-strict-mode Use strict mode when evaluating create options. (Defaults to on; use --skip-innodb-strict-mode to disable.) --innodb-sync-array-size[=#] Size of the mutex/lock wait array. --innodb-sync-spin-loops=# Count of spin-loop rounds in InnoDB mutexes (30 by default) --innodb-table-locks Enable InnoDB locking in LOCK TABLES (Defaults to on; use --skip-innodb-table-locks to disable.) --innodb-temp-data-file-path=name Path to files and their sizes making temp-tablespace. --innodb-temp-tablespaces-dir=name Directory where temp tablespace files live, this path can be absolute. --innodb-thread-concurrency=# Helps in performance tuning in heavily concurrent environments. Sets the maximum number of threads allowed inside InnoDB. Value 0 will disable the thread throttling. --innodb-thread-sleep-delay=# Time of innodb thread sleeping before joining InnoDB queue (usec). Value 0 disable a sleep --innodb-tmpdir[=name] Directory for temporary non-tablespace files. --innodb-undo-directory=name Directory where undo tablespace files live, this path can be absolute. --innodb-undo-log-encrypt Enable or disable Encrypt of UNDO tablespace. --innodb-undo-log-truncate Enable or Disable Truncate of UNDO tablespace. (Defaults to on; use --skip-innodb-undo-log-truncate to disable.) --innodb-undo-tablespaces=# Number of undo tablespaces to use. (deprecated) --innodb-use-native-aio Use native AIO if supported on this platform. (Defaults to on; use --skip-innodb-use-native-aio to disable.) --innodb-validate-tablespace-paths Enable validation of tablespace paths against the DD. (enabled by default). Disable with --skip-innodb-validate-tablespace-paths. (Defaults to on; use --skip-innodb-validate-tablespace-paths to disable.) --innodb-write-io-threads=# Number of background write I/O threads in InnoDB. --interactive-timeout=# The number of seconds the server waits for activity on an interactive connection before closing it --internal-tmp-mem-storage-engine=name The default storage engine for in-memory internal temporary tables. --join-buffer-size=# The size of the buffer that is used for full joins --keep-files-on-create Don't overwrite stale .MYD and .MYI even if no directory is specified --key-buffer-size=# The size of the buffer used for index blocks for MyISAM tables. Increase this to get better index handling (for all reads and multiple writes) to as much as you can afford --key-cache-age-threshold=# This characterizes the number of hits a hot block has to be untouched until it is considered aged enough to be downgraded to a warm block. This specifies the percentage ratio of that number of hits to the total number of blocks in key cache --key-cache-block-size=# The default size of key cache blocks --key-cache-division-limit=# The minimum percentage of warm blocks in key cache --keyring-migration-destination=name Keyring plugin to which the keys are migrated to. This option must be specified along with --keyring-migration-source. --keyring-migration-host=name Connect to host. -p, --keyring-migration-password[=name] Password to use when connecting to server during keyring migration. If password value is not specified then it will be asked from the tty. --keyring-migration-port=# Port number to use for connection. --keyring-migration-socket=name The socket file to use for connection. --keyring-migration-source=name Keyring plugin from where the keys needs to be migrated to. This option must be specified along with --keyring-migration-destination. --keyring-migration-user=name User to login to server. -L, --language=name Client error messages in given language. May be given as a full path. Deprecated. Use --lc-messages-dir instead. --large-pages Enable support for large pages --lc-messages=name Set the language used for the error messages. --lc-messages-dir=name Directory where error messages are --lc-time-names=name Set the language used for the month names and the days of the week. --local-infile Enable LOAD DATA LOCAL INFILE --lock-wait-timeout=# Timeout in seconds to wait for a lock before returning an error. --log-bin[=name] Configures the name prefix to use for binary log files. If the --log-bin option is not supplied, the name prefix defaults to "binlog". If the --log-bin option is supplied without argument, the name prefix defaults to "HOSTNAME-bin", where HOSTNAME is the machine's hostname. To set a different name prefix for binary log files, use --log-bin=name. To disable binary logging, use the --skip-log-bin or --disable-log-bin option. --log-bin-index=name File that holds the names for binary log files. --log-bin-trust-function-creators If set to FALSE (the default), then when --log-bin is used, creation of a stored function (or trigger) is allowed only to users having the SUPER privilege and only if this stored function (trigger) may not break binary logging. Note that if ALL connections to this server ALWAYS use row-based binary logging, the security issues do not exist and the binary logging cannot break, so you can safely set this to TRUE --log-bin-use-v1-row-events If equal to 1 then version 1 row events are written to a row based binary log. If equal to 0, then the latest version of events are written. This option is useful during some upgrades. --log-error[=name] Error log file --log-error-services=name Services that should be called when an error event is received --log-error-suppression-list=name Comma-separated list of error-codes. Error messages corresponding to these codes will not be included in the error log. Only events with a severity of Warning or Information can be suppressed; events with System or Error severity will always be included. Requires the filter 'log_filter_internal' to be set in @@global.log_error_services, which is the default. --log-error-verbosity=# How detailed the error log should be. 1, log errors only. 2, log errors and warnings. 3, log errors, warnings, and notes. Messages sent to the client are unaffected by this setting. --log-isam[=name] Log all MyISAM changes to file. --log-output=name Syntax: log-output=value[,value...], where "value" could be TABLE, FILE or NONE --log-queries-not-using-indexes Log queries that are executed without benefit of any index to the slow log if it is open --log-raw Log to general log before any rewriting of the query. For use in debugging, not production as sensitive information may be logged. --log-short-format Don't log extra information to update and slow-query logs. --log-slave-updates Tells the slave to log the updates from the slave thread to the binary log. (Defaults to on; use --skip-log-slave-updates to disable.) --log-slow-admin-statements Log slow OPTIMIZE, ANALYZE, ALTER and other administrative statements to the slow log if it is open. --log-slow-extra Print more attributes to the slow query log file. Has no effect on logging to table. --log-slow-slave-statements Log slow statements executed by slave thread to the slow log if it is open. --log-statements-unsafe-for-binlog Log statements considered unsafe when using statement based binary logging. (Defaults to on; use --skip-log-statements-unsafe-for-binlog to disable.) --log-tc=name Path to transaction coordinator log (used for transactions that affect more than one storage engine, when binary log is disabled). --log-tc-size=# Size of transaction coordinator log. --log-throttle-queries-not-using-indexes=# Log at most this many 'not using index' warnings per minute to the slow log. Any further warnings will be condensed into a single summary line. A value of 0 disables throttling. Option has no effect unless --log_queries_not_using_indexes is set. --log-timestamps=name UTC to timestamp log files in zulu time, for more concise timestamps and easier correlation of logs from servers from multiple time zones, or SYSTEM to use the system's local time. This affects only log files, not log tables, as the timestamp columns of the latter can be converted at will. --long-query-time=# Log all queries that have taken more than long_query_time seconds to execute to file. The argument will be treated as a decimal value with microsecond precision --low-priority-updates INSERT/DELETE/UPDATE has lower priority than selects --lower-case-table-names[=#] If set to 1 table names are stored in lowercase on disk and table names will be case-insensitive. Should be set to 2 if you are using a case insensitive file system --mandatory-roles=name All the specified roles are always considered granted to every user and they can't be revoked. Mandatory roles still require activation unless they are made into default roles. The granted roles will not be visible in the mysql.role_edges table. --master-info-file=name The location and name of the file that remembers the master and where the I/O replication thread is in the master's binlogs. Deprecated option that shall be removed eventually without a replacement. --master-info-repository=name Defines the type of the repository for the master information. --master-retry-count=# The number of tries the slave will make to connect to the master before giving up. Deprecated option, use 'CHANGE MASTER TO master_retry_count = <num>' instead. --master-verify-checksum Force checksum verification of logged events in binary log before sending them to slaves or printing them in output of SHOW BINLOG EVENTS. Disabled by default. --max-allowed-packet=# Max packet length to send to or receive from the server --max-binlog-cache-size=# Sets the total size of the transactional cache --max-binlog-dump-events=# Option used by mysql-test for debugging and testing of replication. --max-binlog-size=# Binary log will be rotated automatically when the size exceeds this value. Will also apply to relay logs if max_relay_log_size is 0 --max-binlog-stmt-cache-size=# Sets the total size of the statement cache --max-connect-errors=# If there is more than this number of interrupted connections from a host this host will be blocked from further connections --max-connections=# The number of simultaneous clients allowed --max-delayed-threads=# Don't start more than this number of threads to handle INSERT DELAYED statements. If set to zero INSERT DELAYED will be not used. This variable is deprecated along with INSERT DELAYED. --max-digest-length=# Maximum length considered for digest text. --max-error-count=# Max number of errors/warnings to store for a statement --max-execution-time=# Kill SELECT statement that takes over the specified number of milliseconds --max-heap-table-size=# Don't allow creation of heap tables bigger than this --max-join-size=# Joins that are probably going to read more than max_join_size records return an error --max-length-for-sort-data=# This variable is deprecated and will be removed in a future release. --max-points-in-geometry[=#] Maximum number of points in a geometry --max-prepared-stmt-count=# Maximum number of prepared statements in the server --max-relay-log-size=# If non-zero: relay log will be rotated automatically when the size exceeds this value; if zero: when the size exceeds max_binlog_size --max-seeks-for-key=# Limit assumed max number of seeks when looking up rows based on a key --max-sort-length=# The number of bytes to use when sorting long values with PAD SPACE collations (only the first max_sort_length bytes of each value are used; the rest are ignored) --max-sp-recursion-depth[=#] Maximum stored procedure recursion depth --max-user-connections=# The maximum number of active connections for a single user (0 = no limit) --max-write-lock-count=# After this many write locks, allow some read locks to run in between --memlock Lock mysqld in memory. --min-examined-row-limit=# Don't write queries to slow log that examine fewer rows than that --myisam-block-size=# Block size to be used for MyISAM index pages --myisam-data-pointer-size=# Default pointer size to be used for MyISAM tables --myisam-max-sort-file-size=# Don't use the fast sort index method to created index if the temporary file would get bigger than this --myisam-mmap-size=# Restricts the total memory used for memory mapping of MySQL tables --myisam-recover-options[=name] Syntax: myisam-recover-options[=option[,option...]], where option can be DEFAULT, BACKUP, FORCE, QUICK, or OFF --myisam-repair-threads=# If larger than 1, when repairing a MyISAM table all indexes will be created in parallel, with one thread per index. The value of 1 disables parallel repair --myisam-sort-buffer-size=# The buffer that is allocated when sorting the index when doing a REPAIR or when creating indexes with CREATE INDEX or ALTER TABLE --myisam-stats-method=name Specifies how MyISAM index statistics collection code should treat NULLs. Possible values of name are NULLS_UNEQUAL (default behavior for 4.1 and later), NULLS_EQUAL (emulate 4.0 behavior), and NULLS_IGNORED --myisam-use-mmap Use memory mapping for reading and writing MyISAM tables --mysql-native-password-proxy-users If set to FALSE (the default), then the mysql_native_password plugin will not signal for authenticated users to be checked for mapping to proxy users. When set to TRUE, the plugin will flag associated authenticated accounts to be mapped to proxy users when the server option check_proxy_users is enabled. --mysqlx[=name] Enable or disable mysqlx plugin. Possible values are ON, OFF, FORCE (don't start if the plugin fails to load). --mysqlx-bind-address[=name] Address to which X Plugin should bind the TCP socket optionally followed by a network namespace delimited with /. E.g., the string value 127.0.0.1/red specifies to listen on IP address 127.0.0.1 from the network namespace 'red'. --mysqlx-cache-cleaner[=name] Enable or disable mysqlx_cache_cleaner plugin. Possible values are ON, OFF, FORCE (don't start if the plugin fails to load). --mysqlx-compression-algorithms[=name] Compression algorithms: where option can be DEFLATE_STREAM, LZ4_MESSAGE, ZSTD_STREAM --mysqlx-connect-timeout[=#] Maximum allowed waiting time for connection to setup a session (in seconds). --mysqlx-deflate-default-compression-level[=#] Default value of compression level for deflate algorithm --mysqlx-deflate-max-client-compression-level[=#] Max value of compression level for deflate algorithm --mysqlx-document-id-unique-prefix[=#] Unique prefix is a value assigned by InnoDB cluster to the instance, which is meant to make document id unique across all replicasets from the same cluster --mysqlx-enable-hello-notice Hello notice is a X Protocol message send by the server after connection establishment, using this variable it can be disabled (Defaults to on; use --skip-mysqlx-enable-hello-notice to disable.) --mysqlx-idle-worker-thread-timeout[=#] Time after which an idle worker thread is terminated (in seconds). --mysqlx-interactive-timeout[=#] Default value for "mysqlx_wait_timeout", when the connection is interactive. The value defines number or seconds that X Plugin must wait for activity on interactive connection --mysqlx-lz4-default-compression-level[=#] Default value of compression level for lz4 algorithm --mysqlx-lz4-max-client-compression-level[=#] Max value of compression level for lz4 algorithm --mysqlx-max-allowed-packet[=#] Size of largest message that client is going to handle. --mysqlx-max-connections[=#] Maximum number of concurrent X protocol connections. Actual number of connections is also affected by the general max_connections. --mysqlx-min-worker-threads[=#] Minimal number of worker threads. --mysqlx-port[=#] Port on which X Plugin is going to accept incoming connections. --mysqlx-port-open-timeout[=#] How long X Plugin is going to retry binding of server socket (in case of failure) --mysqlx-read-timeout[=#] Number or seconds that X Plugin must wait for blocking read operation to complete --mysqlx-socket[=name] X Plugin's unix socket for local connection. --mysqlx-ssl-ca=name CA file in PEM format. --mysqlx-ssl-capath=name CA directory. --mysqlx-ssl-cert=name X509 cert in PEM format. --mysqlx-ssl-cipher=name SSL cipher to use. --mysqlx-ssl-crl=name Certificate revocation list. --mysqlx-ssl-crlpath=name Certificate revocation list path. --mysqlx-ssl-key=name X509 key in PEM format. --mysqlx-wait-timeout[=#] Number or seconds that X Plugin must wait for activity on noninteractive connection --mysqlx-write-timeout[=#] Number or seconds that X Plugin must wait for blocking write operation to complete --mysqlx-zstd-default-compression-level[=#] Default value of compression level for zstd algorithm --mysqlx-zstd-max-client-compression-level[=#] Max value of compression level for zstd algorithm --net-buffer-length=# Buffer length for TCP/IP and socket communication --net-read-timeout=# Number of seconds to wait for more data from a connection before aborting the read --net-retry-count=# If a read on a communication port is interrupted, retry this many times before giving up --net-write-timeout=# Number of seconds to wait for a block to be written to a connection before aborting the write -n, --new Use very new possible "unsafe" functions --ngram[=name] Enable or disable ngram plugin. Possible values are ON, OFF, FORCE (don't start if the plugin fails to load). --ngram-token-size=# InnoDB ngram full text plugin parser token size in characters --no-dd-upgrade Abort restart if automatic upgrade or downgrade of the data dictionary is needed. Deprecated option. Use --upgrade=NONE instead. --offline-mode Make the server into offline mode --old Use compatible behavior --old-alter-table Use old, non-optimized alter table --old-style-user-limits Enable old-style user limits (before 5.0.3, user resources were counted per each user+host vs. per account). --open-files-limit=# If this is not 0, then mysqld will use this value to reserve file descriptors to use with setrlimit(). If this value is 0 then mysqld will reserve max_connections*5 or max_connections + table_open_cache*2 (whichever is larger) number of file descriptors --optimizer-prune-level=# Controls the heuristic(s) applied during query optimization to prune less-promising partial plans from the optimizer search space. Meaning: 0 - do not apply any heuristic, thus perform exhaustive search; 1 - prune plans based on number of retrieved rows --optimizer-search-depth=# Maximum depth of search performed by the query optimizer. Values larger than the number of relations in a query result in better query plans, but take longer to compile a query. Values smaller than the number of tables in a relation result in faster optimization, but may produce very bad query plans. If set to 0, the system will automatically pick a reasonable value --optimizer-switch=name optimizer_switch=option=val[,option=val...], where option is one of {index_merge, index_merge_union, index_merge_sort_union, index_merge_intersection, engine_condition_pushdown, index_condition_pushdown, mrr, mrr_cost_based, materialization, semijoin, loosescan, firstmatch, duplicateweedout, subquery_materialization_cost_based, skip_scan, block_nested_loop, batched_key_access, use_index_extensions, condition_fanout_filter, derived_merge, hash_join, subquery_to_derived, prefer_ordering_index} and val is one of {on, off, default} --optimizer-trace=name Controls tracing of the Optimizer: optimizer_trace=option=val[,option=val...], where option is one of {enabled, one_line} and val is one of {on, default} --optimizer-trace-features=name Enables/disables tracing of selected features of the Optimizer: optimizer_trace_features=option=val[,option=val...], where option is one of {greedy_search, range_optimizer, dynamic_range, repeated_subselect} and val is one of {on, off, default} --optimizer-trace-limit=# Maximum number of shown optimizer traces --optimizer-trace-max-mem-size=# Maximum allowed cumulated size of stored optimizer traces --optimizer-trace-offset=# Offset of first optimizer trace to show; see manual --parser-max-mem-size=# Maximum amount of memory available to the parser --partial-revokes Access of database objects can be restricted, even if user has global privileges granted. --password-history=# The number of old passwords to check in the history. Set to 0 (the default) to turn the checks off --password-require-current Current password is needed to be specified in order to change it --password-reuse-interval=# The minimum number of days that need to pass before a password can be reused. Set to 0 (the default) to turn the checks off --performance-schema Enable the performance schema. (Defaults to on; use --skip-performance-schema to disable.) --performance-schema-accounts-size=# Maximum number of instrumented user@host accounts. Use 0 to disable, -1 for automated scaling. --performance-schema-consumer-events-stages-current Default startup value for the events_stages_current consumer. --performance-schema-consumer-events-stages-history Default startup value for the events_stages_history consumer. --performance-schema-consumer-events-stages-history-long Default startup value for the events_stages_history_long consumer. --performance-schema-consumer-events-statements-current Default startup value for the events_statements_current consumer. (Defaults to on; use --skip-performance-schema-consumer-events-statements-current to disable.) --performance-schema-consumer-events-statements-history Default startup value for the events_statements_history consumer. (Defaults to on; use --skip-performance-schema-consumer-events-statements-history to disable.) --performance-schema-consumer-events-statements-history-long Default startup value for the events_statements_history_long consumer. --performance-schema-consumer-events-transactions-current Default startup value for the events_transactions_current consumer. (Defaults to on; use --skip-performance-schema-consumer-events-transactions-current to disable.) --performance-schema-consumer-events-transactions-history Default startup value for the events_transactions_history consumer. (Defaults to on; use --skip-performance-schema-consumer-events-transactions-history to disable.) --performance-schema-consumer-events-transactions-history-long Default startup value for the events_transactions_history_long consumer. --performance-schema-consumer-events-waits-current Default startup value for the events_waits_current consumer. --performance-schema-consumer-events-waits-history Default startup value for the events_waits_history consumer. --performance-schema-consumer-events-waits-history-long Default startup value for the events_waits_history_long consumer. --performance-schema-consumer-global-instrumentation Default startup value for the global_instrumentation consumer. (Defaults to on; use --skip-performance-schema-consumer-global-instrumentation to disable.) --performance-schema-consumer-statements-digest Default startup value for the statements_digest consumer. (Defaults to on; use --skip-performance-schema-consumer-statements-digest to disable.) --performance-schema-consumer-thread-instrumentation Default startup value for the thread_instrumentation consumer. (Defaults to on; use --skip-performance-schema-consumer-thread-instrumentation to disable.) --performance-schema-digests-size=# Size of the statement digest. Use 0 to disable, -1 for automated sizing. --performance-schema-error-size=# Number of server errors instrumented. --performance-schema-events-stages-history-long-size=# Number of rows in EVENTS_STAGES_HISTORY_LONG. Use 0 to disable, -1 for automated sizing. --performance-schema-events-stages-history-size=# Number of rows per thread in EVENTS_STAGES_HISTORY. Use 0 to disable, -1 for automated sizing. --performance-schema-events-statements-history-long-size=# Number of rows in EVENTS_STATEMENTS_HISTORY_LONG. Use 0 to disable, -1 for automated sizing. --performance-schema-events-statements-history-size=# Number of rows per thread in EVENTS_STATEMENTS_HISTORY. Use 0 to disable, -1 for automated sizing. --performance-schema-events-transactions-history-long-size=# Number of rows in EVENTS_TRANSACTIONS_HISTORY_LONG. Use 0 to disable, -1 for automated sizing. --performance-schema-events-transactions-history-size=# Number of rows per thread in EVENTS_TRANSACTIONS_HISTORY. Use 0 to disable, -1 for automated sizing. --performance-schema-events-waits-history-long-size=# Number of rows in EVENTS_WAITS_HISTORY_LONG. Use 0 to disable, -1 for automated sizing. --performance-schema-events-waits-history-size=# Number of rows per thread in EVENTS_WAITS_HISTORY. Use 0 to disable, -1 for automated sizing. --performance-schema-hosts-size=# Maximum number of instrumented hosts. Use 0 to disable, -1 for automated scaling. --performance-schema-instrument[=name] Default startup value for a performance schema instrument. --performance-schema-max-cond-classes=# Maximum number of condition instruments. --performance-schema-max-cond-instances=# Maximum number of instrumented condition objects. Use 0 to disable, -1 for automated scaling. --performance-schema-max-digest-length=# Maximum length considered for digest text, when stored in performance_schema tables. --performance-schema-max-digest-sample-age=# The time in seconds after which a previous query sample is considered old. When the value is 0, queries are sampled once. When the value is greater than zero, queries are re sampled if the last sample is more than performance_schema_max_digest_sample_age seconds old. --performance-schema-max-file-classes=# Maximum number of file instruments. --performance-schema-max-file-handles=# Maximum number of opened instrumented files. --performance-schema-max-file-instances=# Maximum number of instrumented files. Use 0 to disable, -1 for automated scaling. --performance-schema-max-index-stat=# Maximum number of index statistics for instrumented tables. Use 0 to disable, -1 for automated scaling. --performance-schema-max-memory-classes=# Maximum number of memory pool instruments. --performance-schema-max-metadata-locks=# Maximum number of metadata locks. Use 0 to disable, -1 for automated scaling. --performance-schema-max-mutex-classes=# Maximum number of mutex instruments. --performance-schema-max-mutex-instances=# Maximum number of instrumented MUTEX objects. Use 0 to disable, -1 for automated scaling. --performance-schema-max-prepared-statements-instances=# Maximum number of instrumented prepared statements. Use 0 to disable, -1 for automated scaling. --performance-schema-max-program-instances=# Maximum number of instrumented programs. Use 0 to disable, -1 for automated scaling. --performance-schema-max-rwlock-classes=# Maximum number of rwlock instruments. --performance-schema-max-rwlock-instances=# Maximum number of instrumented RWLOCK objects. Use 0 to disable, -1 for automated scaling. --performance-schema-max-socket-classes=# Maximum number of socket instruments. --performance-schema-max-socket-instances=# Maximum number of opened instrumented sockets. Use 0 to disable, -1 for automated scaling. --performance-schema-max-sql-text-length=# Maximum length of displayed sql text. --performance-schema-max-stage-classes=# Maximum number of stage instruments. --performance-schema-max-statement-classes=# Maximum number of statement instruments. --performance-schema-max-statement-stack=# Number of rows per thread in EVENTS_STATEMENTS_CURRENT. --performance-schema-max-table-handles=# Maximum number of opened instrumented tables. Use 0 to disable, -1 for automated scaling. --performance-schema-max-table-instances=# Maximum number of instrumented tables. Use 0 to disable, -1 for automated scaling. --performance-schema-max-table-lock-stat=# Maximum number of lock statistics for instrumented tables. Use 0 to disable, -1 for automated scaling. --performance-schema-max-thread-classes=# Maximum number of thread instruments. --performance-schema-max-thread-instances=# Maximum number of instrumented threads. Use 0 to disable, -1 for automated scaling. --performance-schema-session-connect-attrs-size=# Size of session attribute string buffer per thread. Use 0 to disable, -1 for automated sizing. --performance-schema-setup-actors-size=# Maximum number of rows in SETUP_ACTORS. Use 0 to disable, -1 for automated scaling. --performance-schema-setup-objects-size=# Maximum number of rows in SETUP_OBJECTS. Use 0 to disable, -1 for automated scaling. --performance-schema-users-size=# Maximum number of instrumented users. Use 0 to disable, -1 for automated scaling. --persist-only-admin-x509-subject[=name] The client peer certificate name required to enable setting all system variables via SET PERSIST[_ONLY] --persisted-globals-load When this option is enabled, config file mysqld-auto.cnf is read and applied to server, else this file is ignored even if present. (Defaults to on; use --skip-persisted-globals-load to disable.) --pid-file=name Pid file used by safe_mysqld --plugin-dir=name Directory for plugins --plugin-load=name Optional semicolon-separated list of plugins to load, where each plugin is identified as name=library, where name is the plugin name and library is the plugin library in plugin_dir. --plugin-load-add=name Optional semicolon-separated list of plugins to load, where each plugin is identified as name=library, where name is the plugin name and library is the plugin library in plugin_dir. This option adds to the list specified by --plugin-load in an incremental way. Multiple --plugin-load-add are supported. -P, --port=# Port number to use for connection or 0 to default to, my.cnf, $MYSQL_TCP_PORT, /etc/services, built-in default (3306), whatever comes first --port-open-timeout=# Maximum time in seconds to wait for the port to become free. (Default: No wait). --preload-buffer-size=# The size of the buffer that is allocated when preloading indexes --print-identified-with-as-hex SHOW CREATE USER will print the AS clause as HEX if it contains non-prinable characters --profiling-history-size=# Limit of query profiling memory --protocol-compression-algorithms=name List of compression algorithms supported by server. Supported values are any combination of zlib, zstd, uncompressed. Command line clients may use the --compression-algorithms flag to specify a set of algorithms, and the connection will use an algorithm supported by both client and server. It picks zlib if both client and server support it; otherwise it picks zstd if both support it; otherwise it picks uncompressed if both support it; otherwise it fails. --query-alloc-block-size=# Allocation block size for query parsing and execution --query-prealloc-size=# Persistent buffer for query parsing and execution --range-alloc-block-size=# Allocation block size for storing ranges during optimization --range-optimizer-max-mem-size=# Maximum amount of memory used by the range optimizer to allocate predicates during range analysis. The larger the number, more memory may be consumed during range analysis. If the value is too low to completed range optimization of a query, index range scan will not be considered for this query. A value of 0 means range optimizer does not have any cap on memory. --read-buffer-size=# Each thread that does a sequential scan allocates a buffer of this size for each table it scans. If you do many sequential scans, you may want to increase this value --read-only Make all non-temporary tables read-only, with the exception for replication (slave) threads and users with the SUPER privilege --read-rnd-buffer-size=# When reading rows in sorted order after a sort, the rows are read through this buffer to avoid a disk seeks --regexp-stack-limit=# Stack size limit for regular expressions matches --regexp-time-limit=# Timeout for regular expressions matches, in steps of the match engine, typically on the order of milliseconds. --relay-log=name The location and name to use for relay logs --relay-log-index=name File that holds the names for relay log files. --relay-log-info-file=name The location and name of the file that remembers where the SQL replication thread is in the relay logs --relay-log-info-repository=name Defines the type of the repository for the relay log information and associated workers. --relay-log-purge if disabled - do not purge relay logs. if enabled - purge them as soon as they are no more needed (Defaults to on; use --skip-relay-log-purge to disable.) --relay-log-recovery Enables automatic relay log recovery right after the database startup, which means that the IO Thread starts re-fetching from the master right after the last transaction processed --relay-log-space-limit=# Maximum space to use for all relay logs --replicate-do-db=name Tells the slave thread to restrict replication to the specified database. To specify more than one database, use the directive multiple times, once for each database. Note that this will only work if you do not use cross-database queries such as UPDATE some_db.some_table SET foo='bar' while having selected a different or no database. If you need cross database updates to work, make sure you have 3.23.28 or later, and use replicate-wild-do-table=db_name.%. --replicate-do-table=name Tells the slave thread to restrict replication to the specified table. To specify more than one table, use the directive multiple times, once for each table. This will work for cross-database updates, in contrast to replicate-do-db. --replicate-ignore-db=name Tells the slave thread to not replicate to the specified database. To specify more than one database to ignore, use the directive multiple times, once for each database. This option will not work if you use cross database updates. If you need cross database updates to work, make sure you have 3.23.28 or later, and use replicate-wild-ignore-table=db_name.%. --replicate-ignore-table=name Tells the slave thread to not replicate to the specified table. To specify more than one table to ignore, use the directive multiple times, once for each table. This will work for cross-database updates, in contrast to replicate-ignore-db. --replicate-rewrite-db=name Updates to a database with a different name than the original. Example: replicate-rewrite-db=master_db_name->slave_db_name. --replicate-same-server-id In replication, if set to 1, do not skip events having our server id. Default value is 0 (to break infinite loops in circular replication). Can't be set to 1 if --log-slave-updates is used. --replicate-wild-do-table=name Tells the slave thread to restrict replication to the tables that match the specified wildcard pattern. To specify more than one table, use the directive multiple times, once for each table. This will work for cross-database updates. Example: replicate-wild-do-table=foo%.bar% will replicate only updates to tables in all databases that start with foo and whose table names start with bar. --replicate-wild-ignore-table=name Tells the slave thread to not replicate to the tables that match the given wildcard pattern. To specify more than one table to ignore, use the directive multiple times, once for each table. This will work for cross-database updates. Example: replicate-wild-ignore-table=foo%.bar% will not do updates to tables in databases that start with foo and whose table names start with bar. --report-host=name Hostname or IP of the slave to be reported to the master during slave registration. Will appear in the output of SHOW SLAVE HOSTS. Leave unset if you do not want the slave to register itself with the master. Note that it is not sufficient for the master to simply read the IP of the slave off the socket once the slave connects. Due to NAT and other routing issues, that IP may not be valid for connecting to the slave from the master or other hosts --report-password=name The account password of the slave to be reported to the master during slave registration --report-port=# Port for connecting to slave reported to the master during slave registration. Set it only if the slave is listening on a non-default port or if you have a special tunnel from the master or other clients to the slave. If not sure, leave this option unset --report-user=name The account user name of the slave to be reported to the master during slave registration --require-secure-transport When this option is enabled, connections attempted using insecure transport will be rejected. Secure transports are SSL/TLS, Unix socket or Shared Memory (on Windows). --rpl-read-size=# The size for reads done from the binlog and relay log. It must be a multiple of 4kb. Making it larger might help with IO stalls while reading these files when they are not in the OS buffer cache --rpl-stop-slave-timeout=# Timeout in seconds to wait for slave to stop before returning a warning. --safe-user-create Don't allow new user creation by the user who has no write privileges to the mysql.user table. --schema-definition-cache=# The number of cached schema definitions --secondary-engine-cost-threshold[=#] Controls which statements to consider for execution in a secondary storage engine. Only statements that have a cost estimate higher than this value will be attempted executed in a secondary storage engine. --secure-file-priv=name Limit LOAD DATA, SELECT ... OUTFILE, and LOAD_FILE() to files within specified directory --server-id=# Uniquely identifies the server instance in the community of replication partners --server-id-bits=# Set number of significant bits in server-id --session-track-gtids=name Controls the amount of global transaction ids to be included in the response packet sent by the server.(Default: OFF). --session-track-schema Track changes to the 'default schema'. (Defaults to on; use --skip-session-track-schema to disable.) --session-track-state-change Track changes to the 'session state'. --session-track-system-variables=name Track changes in registered system variables. --session-track-transaction-info=name Track changes to the transaction attributes. OFF to disable; STATE to track just transaction state (Is there an active transaction? Does it have any data? etc.); CHARACTERISTICS to track transaction state and report all statements needed to start a transaction with the same characteristics (isolation level, read only/read write, snapshot - but not any work done / data modified within the transaction). --sha256-password-auto-generate-rsa-keys Auto generate RSA keys at server startup if corresponding system variables are not specified and key files are not present at the default location. (Defaults to on; use --skip-sha256-password-auto-generate-rsa-keys to disable.) --sha256-password-private-key-path=name A fully qualified path to the private RSA key used for authentication --sha256-password-proxy-users If set to FALSE (the default), then the sha256_password authentication plugin will not signal for authenticated users to be checked for mapping to proxy users. When set to TRUE, the plugin will flag associated authenticated accounts to be mapped to proxy users when the server option check_proxy_users is enabled. --sha256-password-public-key-path=name A fully qualified path to the public RSA key used for authentication --show-create-table-verbosity When this option is enabled, it increases the verbosity of 'SHOW CREATE TABLE'. --show-old-temporals When this option is enabled, the pre-5.6.4 temporal types will be marked in the 'SHOW CREATE TABLE' and 'INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS' table as a comment in COLUMN_TYPE field. This variable is deprecated and will be removed in a future release. --show-slave-auth-info Show user and password in SHOW SLAVE HOSTS on this master. --skip-grant-tables Start without grant tables. This gives all users FULL ACCESS to all tables. --skip-host-cache Don't cache host names. --skip-name-resolve Don't resolve hostnames. All hostnames are IP's or 'localhost'. --skip-networking Don't allow connection with TCP/IP --skip-new Don't use new, possibly wrong routines. --skip-show-database Don't allow 'SHOW DATABASE' commands --skip-slave-start If set, slave is not autostarted. --skip-stack-trace Don't print a stack trace on failure. --slave-allow-batching Allow slave to batch requests --slave-checkpoint-group=# Maximum number of processed transactions by Multi-threaded slave before a checkpoint operation is called to update progress status. --slave-checkpoint-period=# Gather workers' activities to Update progress status of Multi-threaded slave and flush the relay log info to disk after every #th milli-seconds. --slave-compressed-protocol Use compression on master/slave protocol --slave-exec-mode=name Modes for how replication events should be executed. Legal values are STRICT (default) and IDEMPOTENT. In IDEMPOTENT mode, replication will not stop for operations that are idempotent. In STRICT mode, replication will stop on any unexpected difference between the master and the slave --slave-load-tmpdir=name The location where the slave should put its temporary files when replicating a LOAD DATA INFILE command --slave-max-allowed-packet=# The maximum packet length to sent successfully from the master to slave. --slave-net-timeout=# Number of seconds to wait for more data from a master/slave connection before aborting the read --slave-parallel-type=name Specifies if the slave will use database partitioning or information from master to parallelize transactions.(Default: DATABASE). --slave-parallel-workers=# Number of worker threads for executing events in parallel --slave-pending-jobs-size-max=# Max size of Slave Worker queues holding not yet applied events. The least possible value must be not less than the master side max_allowed_packet. --slave-preserve-commit-order Force slave workers to make commits in the same order as on the master. Disabled by default. --slave-rows-search-algorithms=name Set of searching algorithms that the slave will use while searching for records from the storage engine to either updated or deleted them. Possible values are: INDEX_SCAN, TABLE_SCAN and HASH_SCAN. Any combination is allowed, and the slave will always pick the most suitable algorithm for any given scenario. (Default: INDEX_SCAN, HASH_SCAN). --slave-skip-errors=name Tells the slave thread to continue replication when a query event returns an error from the provided list --slave-sql-verify-checksum Force checksum verification of replication events after reading them from relay log. Note: Events are always checksum-verified by slave on receiving them from the network before writing them to the relay log. Enabled by default. (Defaults to on; use --skip-slave-sql-verify-checksum to disable.) --slave-transaction-retries=# Number of times the slave SQL thread will retry a transaction in case it failed with a deadlock or elapsed lock wait timeout, before giving up and stopping --slave-type-conversions=name Set of slave type conversions that are enabled. Legal values are: ALL_LOSSY to enable lossy conversions, ALL_NON_LOSSY to enable non-lossy conversions, ALL_UNSIGNED to treat all integer column type data to be unsigned values, and ALL_SIGNED to treat all integer column type data to be signed values. Default treatment is ALL_SIGNED. If ALL_SIGNED and ALL_UNSIGNED both are specified, ALL_SIGNED will take higher priority than ALL_UNSIGNED. If the variable is assigned the empty set, no conversions are allowed and it is expected that the types match exactly. --slow-launch-time=# If creating the thread takes longer than this value (in seconds), the Slow_launch_threads counter will be incremented --slow-query-log Log slow queries to a table or log file. Defaults logging to a file hostname-slow.log or a table mysql.slow_log if --log-output=TABLE is used. Must be enabled to activate other slow log options --slow-query-log-file=name Log slow queries to given log file. Defaults logging to hostname-slow.log. Must be enabled to activate other slow log options --socket=name Socket file to use for connection --sort-buffer-size=# Each thread that needs to do a sort allocates a buffer of this size --sporadic-binlog-dump-fail Option used by mysql-test for debugging and testing of replication. --sql-mode=name Syntax: sql-mode=mode[,mode[,mode...]]. See the manual for the complete list of valid sql modes --sql-require-primary-key When set, tables must be created with a primary key, and an existing primary key cannot be removed with 'ALTER TABLE'. Attempts to do so will result in an error. --ssl Enable SSL for connection (automatically enabled with other flags). (Defaults to on; use --skip-ssl to disable.) --ssl-ca=name CA file in PEM format (check OpenSSL docs, implies --ssl) --ssl-capath=name CA directory (check OpenSSL docs, implies --ssl) --ssl-cert=name X509 cert in PEM format (implies --ssl) --ssl-cipher=name SSL cipher to use (implies --ssl) --ssl-crl=name CRL file in PEM format (check OpenSSL docs, implies --ssl) --ssl-crlpath=name CRL directory (check OpenSSL docs, implies --ssl) --ssl-fips-mode=name SSL FIPS mode (applies only for OpenSSL); permitted values are: OFF, ON, STRICT --ssl-key=name X509 key in PEM format (implies --ssl) --stored-program-cache=# The soft upper limit for number of cached stored routines for one connection. --stored-program-definition-cache=# The number of cached stored program definitions --super-large-pages Enable support for super large pages. --super-read-only Make all non-temporary tables read-only, with the exception for replication (slave) threads. Users with the SUPER privilege are affected, unlike read_only. Setting super_read_only to ON also sets read_only to ON. -s, --symbolic-links Enable symbolic link support (deprecated and will be removed in a future release). --sync-binlog=# Synchronously flush binary log to disk after every #th write to the file. Use 0 to disable synchronous flushing --sync-master-info=# Synchronously flush master info to disk after every #th event. Use 0 to disable synchronous flushing --sync-relay-log=# Synchronously flush relay log to disk after every #th event. Use 0 to disable synchronous flushing --sync-relay-log-info=# Synchronously flush relay log info to disk after every #th transaction. Use 0 to disable synchronous flushing --sysdate-is-now Non-default option to alias SYSDATE() to NOW() to make it safe-replicable. Since 5.0, SYSDATE() returns a `dynamic' value different for different invocations, even within the same statement. --table-definition-cache=# The number of cached table definitions --table-encryption-privilege-check Indicates if server enables privilege check when user tries to use non-default value for CREATE DATABASE or CREATE TABLESPACE or when user tries to do CREATE TABLE with ENCRYPTION option which deviates from per-database default. --table-open-cache=# The number of cached open tables (total for all table cache instances) --table-open-cache-instances=# The number of table cache instances --tablespace-definition-cache=# The number of cached tablespace definitions --tc-heuristic-recover=name Decision to use in heuristic recover process. Possible values are OFF, COMMIT or ROLLBACK. --temptable-max-ram=# Maximum amount of memory (in bytes) the TempTable storage engine is allowed to allocate from the main memory (RAM) before starting to store data on disk. --temptable-use-mmap Use mmap files for temptables (Defaults to on; use --skip-temptable-use-mmap to disable.) --thread-cache-size=# How many threads we should keep in a cache for reuse --thread-handling=name Define threads usage for handling queries, one of one-thread-per-connection, no-threads, loaded-dynamically --thread-stack=# The stack size for each thread --tls-ciphersuites=name TLS v1.3 ciphersuite to use (implies --ssl) --tls-version=name TLS version, permitted values are TLSv1, TLSv1.1, TLSv1.2, TLSv1.3 --tmp-table-size=# If an internal in-memory temporary table in the MEMORY storage engine exceeds this size, MySQL will automatically convert it to an on-disk table -t, --tmpdir=name Path for temporary files. Several paths may be specified, separated by a colon (:), in this case they are used in a round-robin fashion --transaction-alloc-block-size=# Allocation block size for transactions to be stored in binary log --transaction-isolation=name Default transaction isolation level. --transaction-prealloc-size=# Persistent buffer for transactions to be stored in binary log --transaction-read-only Default transaction access mode. True if transactions are read-only. --transaction-write-set-extraction[=name] This option is used to let the server know when to extract the write set which will be used for various purposes. --updatable-views-with-limit=name YES = Don't issue an error message (warning only) if a VIEW without presence of a key of the underlying table is used in queries with a LIMIT clause for updating. NO = Prohibit update of a VIEW, which does not contain a key of the underlying table and the query uses a LIMIT clause (usually get from GUI tools) --upgrade=name Set server upgrade mode. NONE to abort server if automatic upgrade of the server is needed; MINIMAL to start the server, but skip upgrade steps that are not absolutely necessary; AUTO (default) to upgrade the server if required; FORCE to force upgrade server. -u, --user=name Run mysqld daemon as user. --validate-config Validate the server configuration specified by the user. --validate-user-plugins Turns on additional validation of authentication plugins assigned to user accounts. (Defaults to on; use --skip-validate-user-plugins to disable.) -v, --verbose Used with --help option for detailed help. -V, --version Output version information and exit. --wait-timeout=# The number of seconds the server waits for activity on a connection before closing it --windowing-use-high-precision For SQL window functions, determines whether to enable inversion optimization for moving window frames also for floating values. (Defaults to on; use --skip-windowing-use-high-precision to disable.) Variables (--variable-name=value) and boolean options {FALSE|TRUE} Value (after reading options) ------------------------------------------------------------ ------------- abort-slave-event-count 0 activate-all-roles-on-login FALSE admin-address (No default value) admin-port 33062 admin-ssl TRUE admin-ssl-ca (No default value) admin-ssl-capath (No default value) admin-ssl-cert (No default value) admin-ssl-cipher (No default value) admin-ssl-crl (No default value) admin-ssl-crlpath (No default value) admin-ssl-key (No default value) admin-tls-ciphersuites (No default value) admin-tls-version TLSv1,TLSv1.1,TLSv1.2 allow-suspicious-udfs FALSE archive ON auto-generate-certs TRUE auto-increment-increment 1 auto-increment-offset 1 autocommit TRUE automatic-sp-privileges TRUE avoid-temporal-upgrade FALSE back-log 151 basedir /usr/ big-tables FALSE bind-address * binlog-cache-size 32768 binlog-checksum CRC32 binlog-direct-non-transactional-updates FALSE binlog-encryption FALSE binlog-error-action ABORT_SERVER binlog-expire-logs-seconds 2592000 binlog-format ROW binlog-group-commit-sync-delay 0 binlog-group-commit-sync-no-delay-count 0 binlog-gtid-simple-recovery TRUE binlog-max-flush-queue-time 0 binlog-order-commits TRUE binlog-rotate-encryption-master-key-at-startup FALSE binlog-row-event-max-size 8192 binlog-row-image FULL binlog-row-metadata MINIMAL binlog-row-value-options binlog-rows-query-log-events FALSE binlog-stmt-cache-size 32768 binlog-transaction-compression FALSE binlog-transaction-compression-level-zstd 3 binlog-transaction-dependency-history-size 25000 binlog-transaction-dependency-tracking COMMIT_ORDER blackhole ON block-encryption-mode aes-128-ecb bulk-insert-buffer-size 8388608 caching-sha2-password-auto-generate-rsa-keys TRUE caching-sha2-password-private-key-path private_key.pem caching-sha2-password-public-key-path public_key.pem character-set-client-handshake TRUE character-set-filesystem binary character-set-server utf8mb4 character-sets-dir /usr/share/mysql-8.0/charsets/ check-proxy-users FALSE chroot (No default value) collation-server utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci completion-type NO_CHAIN concurrent-insert AUTO connect-timeout 10 console FALSE create-admin-listener-thread FALSE cte-max-recursion-depth 1000 daemonize FALSE datadir /var/lib/mysql/ default-authentication-plugin caching_sha2_password default-password-lifetime 0 default-storage-engine InnoDB default-table-encryption FALSE default-time-zone (No default value) default-tmp-storage-engine InnoDB default-week-format 0 delay-key-write ON delayed-insert-limit 100 delayed-insert-timeout 300 delayed-queue-size 1000 disabled-storage-engines disconnect-on-expired-password TRUE disconnect-slave-event-count 0 div-precision-increment 4 end-markers-in-json FALSE enforce-gtid-consistency FALSE eq-range-index-dive-limit 200 event-scheduler ON expire-logs-days 0 explicit-defaults-for-timestamp TRUE external-locking FALSE federated ON flush FALSE flush-time 0 ft-boolean-syntax + -><()~*:""&| ft-max-word-len 84 ft-min-word-len 4 ft-query-expansion-limit 20 ft-stopword-file (No default value) gdb FALSE general-log FALSE general-log-file /var/lib/mysql/CentOS76.log generated-random-password-length 20 group-concat-max-len 1024 group-replication-consistency EVENTUAL gtid-executed-compression-period 1000 gtid-mode OFF help TRUE histogram-generation-max-mem-size 20000000 host-cache-size 279 information-schema-stats-expiry 86400 init-connect init-file (No default value) init-slave initialize FALSE initialize-insecure FALSE innodb-adaptive-flushing TRUE innodb-adaptive-flushing-lwm 10 innodb-adaptive-hash-index TRUE innodb-adaptive-hash-index-parts 8 innodb-adaptive-max-sleep-delay 150000 innodb-api-bk-commit-interval 5 innodb-api-disable-rowlock FALSE innodb-api-enable-binlog FALSE innodb-api-enable-mdl FALSE innodb-api-trx-level 0 innodb-autoextend-increment 64 innodb-autoinc-lock-mode 2 innodb-buffer-pool-chunk-size 134217728 innodb-buffer-pool-dump-at-shutdown TRUE innodb-buffer-pool-dump-now FALSE innodb-buffer-pool-dump-pct 25 innodb-buffer-pool-filename ib_buffer_pool innodb-buffer-pool-in-core-file TRUE innodb-buffer-pool-instances 0 innodb-buffer-pool-load-abort FALSE innodb-buffer-pool-load-at-startup TRUE innodb-buffer-pool-load-now FALSE innodb-buffer-pool-size 134217728 innodb-change-buffer-max-size 25 innodb-change-buffering all innodb-checksum-algorithm crc32 innodb-cmp-per-index-enabled FALSE innodb-commit-concurrency 0 innodb-compression-failure-threshold-pct 5 innodb-compression-level 6 innodb-compression-pad-pct-max 50 innodb-concurrency-tickets 5000 innodb-data-file-path ibdata1:12M:autoextend innodb-data-home-dir (No default value) innodb-deadlock-detect TRUE innodb-dedicated-server FALSE innodb-default-row-format dynamic innodb-directories (No default value) innodb-disable-sort-file-cache FALSE innodb-doublewrite TRUE innodb-doublewrite-batch-size 0 innodb-doublewrite-dir (No default value) innodb-doublewrite-files 0 innodb-doublewrite-pages 0 innodb-fast-shutdown 1 innodb-file-per-table TRUE innodb-fill-factor 100 innodb-flush-log-at-timeout 1 innodb-flush-log-at-trx-commit 1 innodb-flush-method fsync innodb-flush-neighbors 0 innodb-flush-sync TRUE innodb-flushing-avg-loops 30 innodb-force-load-corrupted FALSE innodb-force-recovery 0 innodb-fsync-threshold 0 innodb-ft-aux-table (No default value) innodb-ft-cache-size 8000000 innodb-ft-enable-diag-print FALSE innodb-ft-enable-stopword TRUE innodb-ft-max-token-size 84 innodb-ft-min-token-size 3 innodb-ft-num-word-optimize 2000 innodb-ft-result-cache-limit 2000000000 innodb-ft-server-stopword-table (No default value) innodb-ft-sort-pll-degree 2 innodb-ft-total-cache-size 640000000 innodb-ft-user-stopword-table (No default value) innodb-idle-flush-pct 100 innodb-io-capacity 200 innodb-io-capacity-max 18446744073709551615 innodb-lock-wait-timeout 50 innodb-log-buffer-size 16777216 innodb-log-checksums TRUE innodb-log-compressed-pages TRUE innodb-log-file-size 50331648 innodb-log-files-in-group 2 innodb-log-group-home-dir (No default value) innodb-log-spin-cpu-abs-lwm 80 innodb-log-spin-cpu-pct-hwm 50 innodb-log-wait-for-flush-spin-hwm 400 innodb-log-write-ahead-size 8192 innodb-lru-scan-depth 1024 innodb-max-dirty-pages-pct 90 innodb-max-dirty-pages-pct-lwm 10 innodb-max-purge-lag 0 innodb-max-purge-lag-delay 0 innodb-max-undo-log-size 1073741824 innodb-monitor-disable (No default value) innodb-monitor-enable (No default value) innodb-monitor-reset (No default value) innodb-monitor-reset-all (No default value) innodb-numa-interleave FALSE innodb-old-blocks-pct 37 innodb-old-blocks-time 1000 innodb-online-alter-log-max-size 134217728 innodb-open-files 0 innodb-optimize-fulltext-only FALSE innodb-page-cleaners 4 innodb-page-size 16384 innodb-parallel-read-threads 4 innodb-print-all-deadlocks FALSE innodb-print-ddl-logs FALSE innodb-purge-batch-size 300 innodb-purge-rseg-truncate-frequency 128 innodb-purge-threads 4 innodb-random-read-ahead FALSE innodb-read-ahead-threshold 56 innodb-read-io-threads 4 innodb-read-only FALSE innodb-redo-log-archive-dirs (No default value) innodb-redo-log-encrypt FALSE innodb-replication-delay 0 innodb-rollback-on-timeout FALSE innodb-rollback-segments 128 innodb-sort-buffer-size 1048576 innodb-spin-wait-delay 6 innodb-spin-wait-pause-multiplier 50 innodb-stats-auto-recalc TRUE innodb-stats-include-delete-marked FALSE innodb-stats-method nulls_equal innodb-stats-on-metadata FALSE innodb-stats-persistent TRUE innodb-stats-persistent-sample-pages 20 innodb-stats-transient-sample-pages 8 innodb-status-file FALSE innodb-status-output FALSE innodb-status-output-locks FALSE innodb-strict-mode TRUE innodb-sync-array-size 1 innodb-sync-spin-loops 30 innodb-table-locks TRUE innodb-temp-data-file-path ibtmp1:12M:autoextend innodb-temp-tablespaces-dir (No default value) innodb-thread-concurrency 0 innodb-thread-sleep-delay 10000 innodb-tmpdir (No default value) innodb-undo-directory (No default value) innodb-undo-log-encrypt FALSE innodb-undo-log-truncate TRUE innodb-undo-tablespaces 2 innodb-use-native-aio TRUE innodb-validate-tablespace-paths TRUE innodb-write-io-threads 4 interactive-timeout 28800 internal-tmp-mem-storage-engine TempTable join-buffer-size 262144 keep-files-on-create FALSE key-buffer-size 8388608 key-cache-age-threshold 300 key-cache-block-size 1024 key-cache-division-limit 100 keyring-migration-destination (No default value) keyring-migration-host (No default value) keyring-migration-port 0 keyring-migration-socket (No default value) keyring-migration-source (No default value) keyring-migration-user (No default value) language /usr/share/mysql-8.0/ large-pages FALSE lc-messages en_US lc-messages-dir /usr/share/mysql-8.0/ lc-time-names en_US local-infile FALSE lock-wait-timeout 31536000 log-bin binlog log-bin-index binlog.index log-bin-trust-function-creators FALSE log-bin-use-v1-row-events FALSE log-error stderr log-error-services log_filter_internal; log_sink_internal log-error-suppression-list log-error-verbosity 1 log-isam myisam.log log-output FILE log-queries-not-using-indexes FALSE log-raw FALSE log-short-format FALSE log-slave-updates TRUE log-slow-admin-statements FALSE log-slow-extra FALSE log-slow-slave-statements FALSE log-statements-unsafe-for-binlog TRUE log-tc tc.log log-tc-size 24576 log-throttle-queries-not-using-indexes 0 log-timestamps UTC long-query-time 10 low-priority-updates FALSE lower-case-table-names 1 mandatory-roles master-info-file master.info master-info-repository TABLE master-retry-count 86400 master-verify-checksum FALSE max-allowed-packet 67108864 max-binlog-cache-size 18446744073709547520 max-binlog-dump-events 0 max-binlog-size 1073741824 max-binlog-stmt-cache-size 18446744073709547520 max-connect-errors 100 max-connections 151 max-delayed-threads 20 max-digest-length 1024 max-error-count 1024 max-execution-time 0 max-heap-table-size 16777216 max-join-size 18446744073709551615 max-length-for-sort-data 4096 max-points-in-geometry 65536 max-prepared-stmt-count 16382 max-relay-log-size 0 max-seeks-for-key 18446744073709551615 max-sort-length 1024 max-sp-recursion-depth 0 max-user-connections 0 max-write-lock-count 18446744073709551615 memlock FALSE min-examined-row-limit 0 myisam-block-size 1024 myisam-data-pointer-size 6 myisam-max-sort-file-size 9223372036853727232 myisam-mmap-size 18446744073709551615 myisam-recover-options OFF myisam-repair-threads 1 myisam-sort-buffer-size 8388608 myisam-stats-method nulls_unequal myisam-use-mmap FALSE mysql-native-password-proxy-users FALSE mysqlx ON mysqlx-bind-address * mysqlx-cache-cleaner ON mysqlx-compression-algorithms DEFLATE_STREAM,LZ4_MESSAGE,ZSTD_STREAM mysqlx-connect-timeout 30 mysqlx-deflate-default-compression-level 3 mysqlx-deflate-max-client-compression-level 5 mysqlx-document-id-unique-prefix 0 mysqlx-enable-hello-notice TRUE mysqlx-idle-worker-thread-timeout 60 mysqlx-interactive-timeout 28800 mysqlx-lz4-default-compression-level 2 mysqlx-lz4-max-client-compression-level 8 mysqlx-max-allowed-packet 67108864 mysqlx-max-connections 100 mysqlx-min-worker-threads 2 mysqlx-port 33060 mysqlx-port-open-timeout 0 mysqlx-read-timeout 30 mysqlx-socket (No default value) mysqlx-ssl-ca (No default value) mysqlx-ssl-capath (No default value) mysqlx-ssl-cert (No default value) mysqlx-ssl-cipher (No default value) mysqlx-ssl-crl (No default value) mysqlx-ssl-crlpath (No default value) mysqlx-ssl-key (No default value) mysqlx-wait-timeout 28800 mysqlx-write-timeout 60 mysqlx-zstd-default-compression-level 3 mysqlx-zstd-max-client-compression-level 11 net-buffer-length 16384 net-read-timeout 30 net-retry-count 10 net-write-timeout 60 new FALSE ngram ON ngram-token-size 2 no-dd-upgrade FALSE offline-mode FALSE old FALSE old-alter-table FALSE old-style-user-limits FALSE open-files-limit 666666 optimizer-prune-level 1 optimizer-search-depth 62 optimizer-switch index_merge=on,index_merge_union=on,index_merge_sort_union=on,index_merge_intersection=on,engine_condition_pushdown=on,index_condition_pushdown=on,mrr=on,mrr_cost_based=on,block_nested_loop=on,batched_key_access=off,materialization=on,semijoin=on,loosescan=on,firstmatch=on,duplicateweedout=on,subquery_materialization_cost_based=on,use_index_extensions=on,condition_fanout_filter=on,derived_merge=on,use_invisible_indexes=off,skip_scan=on,hash_join=on,subquery_to_derived=off,prefer_ordering_index=on optimizer-trace optimizer-trace-features greedy_search=on,range_optimizer=on,dynamic_range=on,repeated_subselect=on optimizer-trace-limit 1 optimizer-trace-max-mem-size 1048576 optimizer-trace-offset -1 parser-max-mem-size 18446744073709551615 partial-revokes FALSE password-history 0 password-require-current FALSE password-reuse-interval 0 performance-schema TRUE performance-schema-accounts-size -1 performance-schema-consumer-events-stages-current FALSE performance-schema-consumer-events-stages-history FALSE performance-schema-consumer-events-stages-history-long FALSE performance-schema-consumer-events-statements-current TRUE performance-schema-consumer-events-statements-history TRUE performance-schema-consumer-events-statements-history-long FALSE performance-schema-consumer-events-transactions-current TRUE performance-schema-consumer-events-transactions-history TRUE performance-schema-consumer-events-transactions-history-long FALSE performance-schema-consumer-events-waits-current FALSE performance-schema-consumer-events-waits-history FALSE performance-schema-consumer-events-waits-history-long FALSE performance-schema-consumer-global-instrumentation TRUE performance-schema-consumer-statements-digest TRUE performance-schema-consumer-thread-instrumentation TRUE performance-schema-digests-size -1 performance-schema-error-size 4772 performance-schema-events-stages-history-long-size -1 performance-schema-events-stages-history-size -1 performance-schema-events-statements-history-long-size -1 performance-schema-events-statements-history-size -1 performance-schema-events-transactions-history-long-size -1 performance-schema-events-transactions-history-size -1 performance-schema-events-waits-history-long-size -1 performance-schema-events-waits-history-size -1 performance-schema-hosts-size -1 performance-schema-instrument performance-schema-max-cond-classes 100 performance-schema-max-cond-instances -1 performance-schema-max-digest-length 1024 performance-schema-max-digest-sample-age 60 performance-schema-max-file-classes 80 performance-schema-max-file-handles 32768 performance-schema-max-file-instances -1 performance-schema-max-index-stat -1 performance-schema-max-memory-classes 450 performance-schema-max-metadata-locks -1 performance-schema-max-mutex-classes 300 performance-schema-max-mutex-instances -1 performance-schema-max-prepared-statements-instances -1 performance-schema-max-program-instances -1 performance-schema-max-rwlock-classes 60 performance-schema-max-rwlock-instances -1 performance-schema-max-socket-classes 10 performance-schema-max-socket-instances -1 performance-schema-max-sql-text-length 1024 performance-schema-max-stage-classes 175 performance-schema-max-statement-classes 218 performance-schema-max-statement-stack 10 performance-schema-max-table-handles -1 performance-schema-max-table-instances -1 performance-schema-max-table-lock-stat -1 performance-schema-max-thread-classes 100 performance-schema-max-thread-instances -1 performance-schema-session-connect-attrs-size -1 performance-schema-setup-actors-size -1 performance-schema-setup-objects-size -1 performance-schema-users-size -1 persist-only-admin-x509-subject persisted-globals-load TRUE pid-file /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid plugin-dir /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/ port 3306 port-open-timeout 0 preload-buffer-size 32768 print-identified-with-as-hex FALSE profiling-history-size 15 protocol-compression-algorithms zlib,zstd,uncompressed query-alloc-block-size 8192 query-prealloc-size 8192 range-alloc-block-size 4096 range-optimizer-max-mem-size 8388608 read-buffer-size 131072 read-only FALSE read-rnd-buffer-size 262144 regexp-stack-limit 8000000 regexp-time-limit 32 relay-log CentOS76-relay-bin relay-log-index CentOS76-relay-bin.index relay-log-info-file relay-log.info relay-log-info-repository TABLE relay-log-purge TRUE relay-log-recovery FALSE relay-log-space-limit 0 replicate-same-server-id FALSE report-host (No default value) report-password (No default value) report-port 0 report-user (No default value) require-secure-transport FALSE rpl-read-size 8192 rpl-stop-slave-timeout 31536000 safe-user-create FALSE schema-definition-cache 256 secondary-engine-cost-threshold 100000 secure-file-priv /var/lib/mysql-files server-id 1 server-id-bits 32 session-track-gtids OFF session-track-schema TRUE session-track-state-change FALSE session-track-system-variables time_zone,autocommit,character_set_client,character_set_results,character_set_connection session-track-transaction-info OFF sha256-password-auto-generate-rsa-keys TRUE sha256-password-private-key-path private_key.pem sha256-password-proxy-users FALSE sha256-password-public-key-path public_key.pem show-create-table-verbosity FALSE show-old-temporals FALSE show-slave-auth-info FALSE skip-grant-tables FALSE skip-name-resolve FALSE skip-networking FALSE skip-show-database FALSE skip-slave-start FALSE slave-allow-batching FALSE slave-checkpoint-group 512 slave-checkpoint-period 300 slave-compressed-protocol FALSE slave-exec-mode STRICT slave-load-tmpdir /tmp slave-max-allowed-packet 1073741824 slave-net-timeout 60 slave-parallel-type DATABASE slave-parallel-workers 0 slave-pending-jobs-size-max 134217728 slave-preserve-commit-order FALSE slave-rows-search-algorithms INDEX_SCAN,HASH_SCAN slave-skip-errors (No default value) slave-sql-verify-checksum TRUE slave-transaction-retries 10 slave-type-conversions slow-launch-time 2 slow-query-log FALSE slow-query-log-file /var/lib/mysql/CentOS76-slow.log socket /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock sort-buffer-size 262144 sporadic-binlog-dump-fail FALSE sql-mode ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION sql-require-primary-key FALSE ssl TRUE ssl-ca (No default value) ssl-capath (No default value) ssl-cert (No default value) ssl-cipher (No default value) ssl-crl (No default value) ssl-crlpath (No default value) ssl-fips-mode OFF ssl-key (No default value) stored-program-cache 256 stored-program-definition-cache 256 super-large-pages FALSE super-read-only FALSE symbolic-links FALSE sync-binlog 1 sync-master-info 10000 sync-relay-log 10000 sync-relay-log-info 10000 sysdate-is-now FALSE table-definition-cache 2000 table-encryption-privilege-check FALSE table-open-cache 4000 table-open-cache-instances 16 tablespace-definition-cache 256 tc-heuristic-recover OFF temptable-max-ram 1073741824 temptable-use-mmap TRUE thread-cache-size 9 thread-handling one-thread-per-connection thread-stack 286720 tls-ciphersuites (No default value) tls-version TLSv1,TLSv1.1,TLSv1.2 tmp-table-size 16777216 tmpdir /tmp transaction-alloc-block-size 8192 transaction-isolation REPEATABLE-READ transaction-prealloc-size 4096 transaction-read-only FALSE transaction-write-set-extraction XXHASH64 updatable-views-with-limit YES upgrade AUTO validate-config FALSE validate-user-plugins TRUE verbose TRUE wait-timeout 28800 windowing-use-high-precision TRUE To see what values a running MySQL server is using, type 'mysqladmin variables' instead of 'mysqld --verbose --help'.
