【SpringMVC】之 IDEA 搭建SpringMVC（无web.xml）

预备

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按照 ​​javascript:void(0)​​ 搭建简单 webapp

预备做完，再进行以下步骤

步骤

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（一）添加Spring MVC 支持

项目名 -> 右键 -> Add Framework Support

（二） 删除web.xml

目录结构

（三）配置pom.xml

下面是凡凡pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>cn.donaldy</groupId>
  <artifactId>SpringMVC4</artifactId>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <name>SpringMVC4 Maven Webapp</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

  <properties>
    <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>

    <!-- Web -->
    <jsp.version>2.2</jsp.version>
    <jstl.version>1.2</jstl.version>
    <servlet.version>3.1.0</servlet.version>

    <!-- Spring -->
    <spring-framework.version>4.1.5.RELEASE</spring-framework.version>
    <!-- Logging -->
    <logback.version>1.0.13</logback.version>
    <slf4j.version>1.7.5</slf4j.version>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax</groupId>
      <artifactId>javaee-web-api</artifactId>
      <version>7.0</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Spring MVC -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>${spring-framework.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Other Web dependencies -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
      <version>${jstl.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>${servlet.version}</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
      <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
      <version>${jsp.version}</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Spring and Transactions -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
      <version>${spring-framework.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Logging with SLF4J & LogBack -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
      <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>log4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
      <version>1.2.16</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId>
      <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
      <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
      <version>${logback.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
      <artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
      <version>${logback.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
      <artifactId>logback-access</artifactId>
      <version>${logback.version}</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>


  <build>
    <finalName>SpringMVC4</finalName>

    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>2.3.2</version>
        <configuration>
          <source>${java.version}</source>
          <target>${java.version}</target>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>

      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>2.3</version>
        <configuration>
          <failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>

  </build>

</project>

配置完，注意要用maven update下哦。

（四）配置logback.xml （可选）

配置logback.xml（在控制台打印日志），开发Spring MVC经常出现和参数类型相关的4XX错误，设置此项会看到更详细的错误信息。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration scan="true" scanPeriod="1 seconds">
    <contextListener class="ch.qos.logback.classic.jul.LevelChangePropagator">
        <resetJUL>true</resetJUL>
    </contextListener>

    <jmxConfiguratior

    <appender name="console" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
        <encoder>
            <pattern>logback: %d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} %logger{36} - %msg%n</pattern>
        </encoder>
    </appender>
    <logger name="org.springframework.web" level="DEBUG"

    <root level="info">
        <appender-ref ref="console"
    </root>

</configuration>

（五）Web配置

取代web.xml

/**
 * Created by DonaldY on 2017/8/3.
 */
public class WebInitializer implements WebApplicationInitializer

    public void onStartup(ServletContext servletContext) throws ServletException {
        AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext ctx = new AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext();
        ctx.register(MyMvcConfig.class);
        ctx.setServletContext(servletContext);

        Dynamic servlet = servletContext.addServlet("dispatcher", new DispatcherServlet(ctx));
        servlet.addMapping("/");
        servlet.setLoadOnStartup(1);
    }
}

（六）Spring MVC 配置

普通的Spring 配置类

/**
 * Created by DonaldY on 2017/8/3.
 */
@Configuration
@EnableWebMvc
@ComponentScan("cn.donaldy.highlight")
public class MyMvcConfig
    @Bean
    public InternalResourceViewResolver viewResolver() {
        InternalResourceViewResolver viewResolver = new InternalResourceViewResolver();
        viewResolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/classes/views/");
        viewResolver.setSuffix(".jsp");
        viewResolver.setViewClass(JstlView.class);
        return

（七）配置Controller

简单控制类

/**
 * Created by DonaldY on 2017/8/3.
 */
@Controller
public class HelloController

    @RequestMapping("/hello")
    public String hello() {

        return "hello";
    }

}

（八）配置视图

简单视图

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java"
<html>
    <head>
        <title>Title</title>
    </head>
    <body>

        <h2>Welcome to Spring MVC world. </h2>
        <h3>Hello, DonaldY.</h3>

    </body>
</html>

（九）检验

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疑问

日志中还有不能理解的信息，再此记录下