JAVA之旅(三十三)——TCP传输,互相(伤害)传输,复制文件,上传图片,多并发上传,多并发登录


我们继续网络编程

一.TCP

说完UDP,我们就来说下我们应该重点掌握的TCP了

  • TCP传输
  • Socket和ServiceSocket
  • 建立客户端和服务端
  • 建立连接后,通过Socket中的IO流进行数据的传输
  • 关闭Socket

同样的,我们的客户端和服务端都是两个独立的应用

我们通过查阅API文档发现,该对象在建立的时候,就可以去连接指定主机,因为tcp是面向连接的,所以在建立socket服务时,就要有服务存在,并成功连接,形成通路后,在该通道进行数据传输

所以我们用代码来看下他的步骤

客户端

package com.lgl.hellojava;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;

public class TcpClient {

public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
//1.创建客户端的服务,传地址和端口
Socket s = new Socket("192.168.1.102",10000);
//2.为了发送数据,应该获得socket流中的输出流
OutputStream out = s.getOutputStream();
out.write("你好".getBytes());
s.close();
} catch (UnknownHostException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

服务端

package com.lgl.hellojava;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

/**
* 定义端点接收数据打印出来
* 服务端:
* 1.建立服务端的socket服务,servicesocket,并监听一个端口
* 2.获取连接过来的客户端对象,通过accept方法,这个方法是阻塞的,没有连接就会等
* 3.客户端如果发过来数据,那么服务端要使用对应的客户端对象,并获取到该对象的读取流
* 4.关闭服务端(可选操作)
* @author LGL
*
*/
public class TcpService {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
//1.建立连接,监听端口
ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket(10000);
//2.连接客户端对象
Socket accept = ss.accept();
//获取ip
String ip = accept.getInetAddress().getHostAddress();
//3.获取客户端发送过来的数据
InputStream in = accept.getInputStream();
//4.开始读取
byte [] buf = new byte[1024];
int len = in.read(buf);
System.out.println(new String(buf,0,len));
//5.关闭
ss.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

二.TCP互相传输

我们在来写一个实例去说明,他们的互访动作,这里为了写起来方便,就写在一个类中了

package com.lgl.hellojava;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;

/**
* 客户端发送信息,服务端收到,反馈信息
*
* @author LGL
*
*/
public class Tcp {

public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
Socket s = new Socket("192.168.1.102", 10005);
OutputStream out = s.getOutputStream();
out.write("我是客户端".getBytes());
InputStream in = s.getInputStream();
byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
int len = in.read(buf);
System.out.println(new String(buf, 0, len));
s.close();
} catch (UnknownHostException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
/**
* 服务端
* @author LGL
*
*/
class Server {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket(10005);
Socket s = ss.accept();
InputStream in = s.getInputStream();
byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
int len = in.read(buf);
System.out.println(new String(buf, 0, len));

OutputStream out = s.getOutputStream();
out.write("收到后反馈".getBytes());
s.close();
ss.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

三.复制文件

同样的这里也是使用的流,我们具体来看下怎么去操作,我们同样的,写在一个类中

package com.lgl.socket;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;

public class FileClient {

public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
Socket s = new Socket("192.168.1.102", 10006);
BufferedReader bufr = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("test.txt"));
PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(s.getOutputStream(), true);
String line = null;
while ((line = bufr.readLine()) != null) {
pw.println(line);
}
pw.print("over");
BufferedReader bufIn = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
s.getInputStream()));
String str = bufIn.readLine();
System.out.println(str);

bufr.close();
s.close();
} catch (UnknownHostException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

class FileServer {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket(10006);
Socket s = ss.accept();

BufferedReader bufIn = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
s.getInputStream()));
PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(new FileWriter("test1.txt"), true);
String line = null;
while ((line = bufIn.readLine()) != null) {
if ("over".equals(line))
break;
out.println(line);
}
PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(s.getOutputStream(), true);
pw.println("上传成功");

out.close();
s.close();
ss.close();

} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

四.上传图片

我们再来看下图片是怎么上传的,我们先来分析下步骤

客户端

  • 1.服务端点
  • 2.读取客户端已有的图片数据
  • 3.通过socket,发送给服务端
  • 4.读取服务端反馈的信息
  • 5.关闭资源
**
* 客户端
*
* @author LGL
*
*/
public class PicClient {

public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
Socket s = new Socket("192.168.1.102", 10009);
FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("1.png");
OutputStream out = s.getOutputStream();
byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
int len = 0;
while ((len = fis.read(buf)) != -1) {
out.write(buf, 0, len);
}
//告訴服务端数据写完
s.shutdownInput();
InputStream in = s.getInputStream();
byte[] bufn = new byte[1024];
int num = in.read(bufn);
System.out.println(new String(bufn, 0, num));
fis.close();
s.close();
} catch (UnknownHostException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

服务端

直接看代码

/**
* 服務端
* @author LGL
*
*/
class PicServer {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket(10009);
Socket s = ss.accept();
InputStream in = s.getInputStream();
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream("2.png");
byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
int len = 0;
while ((len = in.read(buf)) != -1) {
fos.write(buf, 0, len);
}

OutputStream out = s.getOutputStream();
out.write("上传成功".getBytes());
fos.close();
s.close();
ss.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

其实跟I/O区别真不大,但是概念一定要了解清楚

五.多并发上传

多并发这个概念就是多人互动了,这对服务器的负荷还是有考究的,这里呢,我们就模拟一下,多人上传图片的场景,我们是怎么做的?我们还是在上传图片的那份代码上更改

首先我们可以确定的是,这是服务端的代码

  • 这个服务端有个局限性,当A客户端连接之后,被服务端获取到,服务端就在执行代码了,这个时候如果B客户端连接只有等待,这就是我们需要多并发的原因了,为了让多个客户端同时连接,服务端最好就是讲每个客户端封装到一个单独的线程中,这样就可以同时处理多个客户端请求

如何定义线程?

  • 只要明确了每个客户端要在服务端执行的代码即可
/**
* 服務端
*
* @author LGL
*
*/
class PicServer {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket(10009);
while (true) {
Socket s = ss.accept();
new Thread(new PicThread(s)).start();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
/**
* 并发线程
* @author LGL
*
*/
class PicThread implements Runnable {

private Socket s;

public PicThread(Socket s) {
this.s = s;
}

@Override
public void run() {
try {
String ip = s.getInetAddress().getHostAddress();
System.out.println("ip:" + ip);

long millis = System.currentTimeMillis();
File file = new File(millis + ".png");
InputStream in = s.getInputStream();
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(file);
byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
int len = 0;
while ((len = in.read(buf)) != -1) {
fos.write(buf, 0, len);
}

OutputStream out = s.getOutputStream();
out.write("上传成功".getBytes());
fos.close();
s.close();
} catch (Exception e) {

throw new RuntimeException("上传失败");
}

}

}

其实我写的代码还是有点烂的,但是思想在就好,我们得先把思想学会了

六.多并发登录

上面说的多并发的上传,实在服务端端,现在我们来说下登录,是作用在客户端

package com.lgl.socket;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;

public class LoginClient {

public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
Socket s = new Socket("192.168.1.102", 10008);
BufferedReader bufr = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
System.in));
PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(s.getOutputStream(), true);
BufferedReader bufIn = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
s.getInputStream()));
for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
String line = bufr.readLine();
if (line == null) {
break;
}
out.println(line);

String info = bufIn.readLine();
System.out.println("info:" + info);
if (info.contains("欢迎")) {
break;
}
}
bufr.close();
s.close();
} catch (UnknownHostException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

/**
* 服务端
*
* @author LGL
*
*/
class LoginServer {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket(10008);
while (true) {
Socket s = ss.accept();
new Thread(new UserThread(s)).start();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

/**
* 并发登陆
*
* @author LGL
*
*/
class UserThread implements Runnable {

private Socket s;

public UserThread(Socket s) {
this.s = s;
}

@Override
public void run() {
for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
try {
BufferedReader bufrIn = new BufferedReader(
new InputStreamReader(s.getInputStream()));
String name = bufrIn.readLine();

// 模拟读取数据库的用户名
BufferedReader bufr = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(
"user.txt"));

PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(s.getOutputStream(), true);

String line = null;

boolean flag = false;
while ((line = bufr.readLine()) != null) {
if (line.equals(name)) {
flag = true;
break;
}
}
if (flag) {
System.out.println("已登录");
out.print("欢迎");
} else {
System.out.println("重新登录");
out.println("用户名不存在");
}
s.close();

} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}

}
}

}

OK,这些代码中可能会存在一些错误,因为代码并没有去实际的验证中,我写的时候也是跟着思想去走的,这样写代码是极为友好的,这就是TCP的冰山一角了,不过关于这些,还有很多知识点,我们要做的就是把思想给掌握了,万变不理其中

好的,最近写文的时间,有点懈怠了,看来要发力了,嘻嘻,

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