redhat7的基本操作(查看IP配置，关闭防火墙，临时或永久关闭selinux,常用命令操作)

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远方在呼唤 2018-09-12 15:51:19 博主文章分类：运维 ©著作权

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                                           * redhat7的基本操作*

1、查看IP配置 [root@admin203 ~]# ls /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp0s25 /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp0s25 查看DNS配置 [root@admin203 ~]# cat /etc/resolv.conf

Generated by NetworkManager

nameserver 114.114.114.114 查看IP和主机绑定信息 [root@admin203 ~]# cat /etc/hosts 127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4 ::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6 查看主机名 [root@admin203 ~]# cat /etc/hostname admin203

2、关闭防火墙，设置开机不启动 查看状态 [root@admin203 ~]# systemctl status firewalld.service ● firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled) Active: active (running) since Tue 2018-09-11 09:47:40 CST; 1 day 5h ago Main PID: 698 (firewalld) CGroup: /system.slice/firewalld.service └─698 /usr/bin/python -Es /usr/sbin/firewalld --nofork --nopid

Sep 11 09:47:40 admin203 systemd[1]: Starting firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon... Sep 11 09:47:40 admin203 systemd[1]: Started firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon. 关闭防火墙 [root@admin203 ~]# systemctl stop firewalld 开启防火墙 [root@admin203 ~]# systemctl start firewalld 开机自动启动防火墙 [root@admin203 ~]# systemctl enable firewalld 开机自动关闭防火墙 [root@admin203 ~]# systemctl disable firewalld Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service. Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/basic.target.wants/firewalld.service.

3、临时和永久关闭selinux 查看selinux运行状态 [root@admin203 ~]# getenforce Enforcing 临时关闭selinux,并查看运行状态 [root@admin203 ~]# setenforce 0 [root@admin203 ~]# getenforce Permissive 临时开启selinux,并查看运行状态 [root@admin203 ~]# setenforce 1 [root@admin203 ~]# getenforce Enforcing 永久关闭selinux,将enforcing改成disabled,保存重启即可 [root@admin203 ~]# vim /etc/selinux/config

This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.

SELINUX= can take one of these three values:

enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.

permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.

disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.

SELINUX=disabled

SELINUXTYPE= can take one of three two values:

targeted - Targeted processes are protected,

minimum - Modification of targeted policy. Only selected processes are protected.

mls - Multi Level Security protection.

SELINUXTYPE=targeted

4、基本命令操作 用tty查看当前所属虚拟终端 [root@admin203 ~]# tty /dev/pts/0 用type区分内外命令，语法：type 要检测的命令 [root@admin203 ~]# type cat cat is hashed (/usr/bin/cat) [root@admin203 ~]# type pwd pwd is a shell builtin 查看所有shell类型 [root@admin203 ~]# cat /etc/shells /bin/sh /bin/bash /sbin/nologin /usr/bin/sh /usr/bin/bash /usr/sbin/nologin 查看一下/etc/passwd的每一行的最后一个字符 [root@admin203 ~]# head -1 /etc/passwd root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash 查看当前目录下有哪些文件 [root@admin203 ~]# ls anaconda-ks.cfg mima [root@admin203 ~]# ls /etc/passwd /etc/passwd 查看文件的详细信息，如创建时间，创建者，文件的读写权限 [root@admin203 ~]# ls -l /etc/passwd -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1118 Sep 11 22:24 /etc/passwd Linux下快捷键总结清屏：ctrl+L 退出: ctrl+D 搜素历史命令：ctr+R

查看硬件时间 [root@admin203 ~]# hwclock Wed 12 Sep 2018 04:20:15 PM CST -0.875517 seconds 查看系统时间 [root@admin203 ~]# date Wed Sep 12 16:20:44 CST 2018 修改时间 [root@admin203 ~]# date -s "2018-9-12 15:22:30" Wed Sep 12 15:22:30 CST 2018 查看完整日期 [root@admin203 ~]# date "+%F" 2018-09-12 查看年份最后两位 [root@admin203 ~]# date "+%y" 18 查看时分秒 [root@admin203 ~]# date "+%M" 26 [root@admin203 ~]# date "+%H" 15 [root@admin203 ~]# date "+%S" 51 查看年月日 [root@admin203 ~]# date "+%Y-%m-%d" 2018-09-12 用time测量一个命令运行的时间 [root@admin203 ~]# time ls anaconda-ks.cfg mima

real 0m0.002s user 0m0.001s sys 0m0.001s 帮助命令man,查看手册页或命令描述语法：man 命令 [root@admin203 ~]# man cp 查看当前默认的运行级别 [root@admin203 ~]# systemctl get-default multi-user.target 设置默认为第三启动级别 [root@admin203 ~]# systemctl set-default multi-user.target Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/default.target. Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/default.target to /usr/lib/systemd/system/multi-user.target. 设置默认为第五启动级别 [root@admin203 ~]# systemctl set-default graphical.target Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/default.target. Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/default.target to /usr/lib/systemd/system/graphical.target.