yum工具是一个根棒的工具,这个工具比rpm工具好用多了,当然前提是你使用的linux系统是支持yum的。yum最大的优势在于可以联网去下载所需要的rpm包,然后自动安装。在这个工程中如果要安装的rpm包有依赖关系,yum会帮你解决掉这些依赖关系依次安装所有rpm包。




1、列出所有可用的rpm包"yum list"命令


[root@localhost ~]# yum list |head -n 20     
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.btte.net
 * extras: mirrors.btte.net
 * updates: mirrors.btte.net
Installed Packages
ConsoleKit.i686                         0.4.1-3.el6                @anaconda-CentOS-201303020136.i386/6.4
ConsoleKit-libs.i686                    0.4.1-3.el6                @anaconda-CentOS-201303020136.i386/6.4
ConsoleKit-x11.i686                     0.4.1-3.el6                @anaconda-CentOS-201303020136.i386/6.4
GConf2.i686                             2.28.0-6.el6               @anaconda-CentOS-201303020136.i386/6.4
MAKEDEV.i686                            3.24-6.el6                 @anaconda-CentOS-201303020136.i386/6.4
ORBit2.i686                             2.14.17-3.2.el6_3          @anaconda-CentOS-201303020136.i386/6.4
abrt.i686                               2.0.8-15.el6.cento         @anaconda-CentOS-201303020136.i386/6.4
abrt-addon-ccpp.i686                    2.0.8-15.el6.cento         @anaconda-CentOS-201303020136.i386/6.4
abrt-addon-kerneloops.i686              2.0.8-15.el6.cento         @anaconda-CentOS-201303020136.i386/6.4
abrt-addon-python.i686                  2.0.8-15.el6.cento         @anaconda-CentOS-201303020136.i386/6.4
abrt-cli.i686                           2.0.8-15.el6.centos        @anaconda-CentOS-201303020136.i386/6.4
abrt-libs.i686                          2.0.8-15.el6.centos        @anaconda-CentOS-201303020136.i386/6.4
abrt-tui.i686                           2.0.8-15.el6.centos        @anaconda-CentOS-201303020136.i386/6.4
acl.i686                                2.2.49-6.el6               @anaconda-CentOS-201303020136.i386/6.4


从上例中可以看到有 “mirrors.btte.net” 信息出现,这是在告诉用户,它是从mirrors.btte.net这里下载到的rpm包资源。从上面的例子中你还可以看到最左侧是rpm包名字,中间是版本信息,最右侧是安装信息,如果安装了就显示类似 “@anaconda-CentOS”, “@base” 或者 “@extras”, 他们前面都会有一个 “@” 符号,这很好区分。未安装则显示base或者extras, 如果是该rpm包已安装但需要升级则显示updates. 如果你看的仔细会发现,”yum list” 会先列出已经安装的包(Installed Packages) 然后再列出可以安装的包(Available Packages)

2、yum一些简单的应用

#yum install -y 软件名        #安装一个软件

#yum update 软件名        #升级软件

#yum research 软件名         #搜索软件