MongoDB导入Shapefile数据

两种解决方案：
一、将整个shapefile转为GeoJSON然后直接导入mongoDB数据库中
首先，将shapefile数据转为WGS84地理坐标，然后使用GDAL的命令行工具ogr2ogr进行格式的转换，转换命令如下：
​​​ogr2ogr -f geoJSON continents.json continents.shp​​​
删除生成JSON文件的前两行​​​{ "type": "FeatureCollection",​​​和最后一行​​}​​​。
最后，使用mongodb的mongoimport工具进行导入：
​​​mongoimport --db world --collection continents < continents.json​​​
这样子整个shapefile文件在mongodb中是以一个document存在的。

二、更加细粒度的存储方法是将shapefile中的每个feature取出来转为GeoJSON存入mongodb
具体实现代码入下（Java版本）：

package cn.tzy.mongodb;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.StringWriter;

import org.bson.Document;
import org.geotools.data.FileDataStore;
import org.geotools.data.FileDataStoreFinder;
import org.geotools.data.simple.SimpleFeatureIterator;
import org.geotools.data.simple.SimpleFeatureSource;
import org.geotools.geojson.feature.FeatureJSON;
import org.opengis.feature.simple.SimpleFeature;

import com.mongodb.MongoClient;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoCollection;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoDatabase;

public class MongoEx {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {

        final String IP_ADDRESS = "127.0.0.1";
        final String DB_NAME = "SpatialFeatures";
        final String COLLECTION_NAME = "continents";

        final String SHAPE_FILE = "/home/theone/Data/World/continent.shp";

        MongoClient client = new MongoClient(IP_ADDRESS, 27017);
        MongoDatabase db = client.getDatabase(DB_NAME);
        db.createCollection(COLLECTION_NAME);

        MongoCollection<Document> coll = db.getCollection(COLLECTION_NAME);

        File shapeFile = new File(SHAPE_FILE);
        FileDataStore store = FileDataStoreFinder.getDataStore(shapeFile);
        SimpleFeatureSource sfSource = store.getFeatureSource();
        SimpleFeatureIterator sfIter = sfSource.getFeatures().features();
        // 依次取出每一个Feature转为GeoJSON格式，然后插入到collection中
        while (sfIter.hasNext()) {
            SimpleFeature feature = (SimpleFeature) sfIter.next();
            FeatureJSON fjson = new FeatureJSON();
            StringWriter writer = new StringWriter();
            fjson.writeFeature(feature, writer);
            String sjson = writer.toString();

            Document doc = Document.parse(sjson);
            coll.insertOne(doc);
        }

        client.close();