给数据库用户配置
groupadd mysql
useradd -g mysql mysql -s /sbin/nologin
rm -rf /home/mysql
mkdir -p /opt/mysql
chmod -R 755 /opt/mysql

chown -R mysql:mysql /opt/mysql

准备工作：安装基本依赖包，先用yum安装cmake、automake 、autoconf ，另MySQL 5.5.x需要最少安装的包有：bison,gcc、gcc-c++、ncurses-devel

yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf bison automake zlib* fiex* libxml* ncurses-devel libmcrypt* libtool-ltdl-devel*

安装cmake（mysql5.5以后是通过cmake来编译的）

axel -n  10 http://www.cmake.org/files/v2.8/cmake-2.8.4.tar.gz
tar zxvf cmake-2.8.4.tar.gz
./bootstrap
gmake install
下载解压mysql 5.5.11
axel  -n 10 http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.5/mysql-5.5.30.tar.gz
tar zxfv  mysql-5.5.30.tar.gz

cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \

-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/opt/mysql \

-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \

-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysqld.sock \

-DMYSQL_USER=mysql \

-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \

-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=0 \

-DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \

-DWITH_SSL=no \

-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \

-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \

-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \

-DWITH_READLINE=1 \

-DWITH_ZLIB=system \

-DINSTALL_PLUGINDIR=lib64/mysql/plugin \

-DINSTALL_LIBDIR=lib64/mysql \

-DINSTALL_INCLUDEDIR=include/mysql \

-DWITH_DEBUG=0

碰到了错误：
-- Could NOT find Curses (missing:  CURSES_LIBRARY CURSES_INCLUDE_PATH)
CMake Error at cmake/readline.cmake:83 (MESSAGE):
 Curses library not found.  Please install appropriate package,
     remove CMakeCache.txt and rerun cmake.On Debian/Ubuntu, package name is libncurses5-dev, on Redhat and derivates it is ncurses-devel.
Call Stack (most recent call first):
 cmake/readline.cmake:127 (FIND_CURSES)
 cmake/readline.cmake:217 (MYSQL_USE_BUNDLED_LIBEDIT)
 CMakeLists.txt:269 (MYSQL_CHECK_READLINE)
-- Configuring incomplete, errors occurred!
是因为少了ncurses-devel这个包。
用yum安装后，然后把目录下的CMakeCache.txt 删除，否则还是报之前的错误
然后就是make  && make  install
cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
chown -R mysql:mysql mysql/
opt]# /opt/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql  --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/opt/data
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &  启动mysql
cp  mysql-5.5.30/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod +x  /etc/init.d/mysqld
chown .mysql  /etc/init.d/mysqld

chkconfig --add  mysqld

chkconfig mysqld  on


接下来开始部署主从环境


在主服务器上配置mysql的配置文件

确保/etc/my.cnf中有如下参数，没有的话需手工添加，并重启mysql服务。
[mysqld]
log-bin=mysql-bin 启动二进制文件
server-id=1 服务器ID


然后进入到mysql数据库里进行授权

grant replication slave on *.* to 'backup'@'x.x.x.x' identified by 'backup';


查询主数据库状态，并记下FILE及Position的值，这个在后面配置从服务器的时候要用到

show master status;

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

| mysql-bin.000010 |      264 |              |                  |

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)


主数据库的操作就到这里，下面的操作在从服务器上操作

确保/etc/my.cnf中有log-bin=mysql-bin和server-id=1参数，并把server-id=1修改为server-id=10。修改之后如下所示：
[mysqld]
log-bin=mysql-bin 启动二进制文件
server-id=10 服务器ID

重启mysql服务。登录mysql，执行如下语句
change master to master_host='o.o.o.o',master_user='backup',master_password='backup',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000010',master_log_pos=264;


启动slave同步。
start slave;
检查主从同步，如果您看到Slave_IO_Running和Slave_SQL_Running均为Yes，则主从复制连接正常。
show slave status\G


注： 删除mysql日志文件后报I/O error reading the header from the binary log, errno=175, io cache

data目录下日志文件很多，很烦，把mysql-bin.000001~mysql-bin.0000018都删掉了。结果报以下错误：


120914 10:23:31 [ERROR] I/O error reading the header from the binary log, errno=175, io cache code=0

120914 10:23:31 [ERROR] I/O error reading the header from the binary log

120914 10:23:31 [ERROR] Can't init tc log

120914 10:23:31 [ERROR] Aborting


解决办法：

把剩下的有关日志的文件都删掉。把ibdata1,ib_logfile0,ib_logfile1,mysql-bin.index，再启动就可以了