http连接池

为什么要用Http连接池

1、降低延迟:如果不采用连接池,每次连接发起Http请求的时候都会重新建立TCP连接(经历3次握手),用完就会关闭连接(4次挥手),如果采用连接池则减少了这部分时间损耗。

2、支持更大的并发:如果不采用连接池,每次连接都会打开一个端口,在大并发的情况下系统的端口资源很快就会被用完,导致无法建立新的连接

3、微服务架构的流行,导致了多层级的请求,如果还采用传统的请求方式,效率会大大的降低,小编我就是出于这种原因放弃了传统的方式。改用连接池的方式。

友情提示:

MultiThreadedHttpConnectionManager 在4.5版本中是PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager

伪代码:

  • 1.建立连接管理器
  • 2.设置连接管理器连接池参数
  • 3.将连接管理器交给连接客户端,这样就不用每次关闭socket连接

代码展示:

public class HttpClientUtil {
    /**
     * 日志处理类
     */
    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HttpClientUtil.class);
    // 读取超时
    private final static int SOCKET_TIMEOUT = 10000;
    // 连接超时
    private final static int CONNECTION_TIMEOUT = 10000;
    // 每个HOST的最大连接数量
    private final static int MAX_CONN_PRE_HOST = 20;
    // 连接池的最大连接数
    private final static int MAX_CONN = 60;
    // 连接池
    private final static HttpConnectionManager httpConnectionManager;

    static {
        httpConnectionManager = new MultiThreadedHttpConnectionManager();
        HttpConnectionManagerParams params = httpConnectionManager.getParams();
        params.setConnectionTimeout(CONNECTION_TIMEOUT);
        params.setSoTimeout(SOCKET_TIMEOUT);
        params.setDefaultMaxConnectionsPerHost(MAX_CONN_PRE_HOST);
        params.setMaxTotalConnections(MAX_CONN);
    }

     /**
     * 发送主要方法,异常捕获
     *
     * @param httpMethod
     * @param encoded 编码格式UTF-8
     * @return
     */
    public static String doHttpRequest(HttpMethodBase httpMethod, String encoded) {
        HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient(httpConnectionManager);
        resetRequestHeader(httpClient, "10.0.23.178");//伪装ip地址
        BufferedReader in = null;
        String resultString = "";
        try {
            httpClient.executeMethod(httpMethod);
            in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(httpMethod
                    .getResponseBodyAsStream(), encoded));
            StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
            String line = "";
            while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
                buffer.append(line);
            }
            resultString = buffer.toString();
        } catch (SocketTimeoutException e) {
            log.error("连接超时" + e.toString());
            resultString = returnError("连接超时");
        } catch (HttpException e) {
            log.error("读取外部服务器数据失败" + e.toString());
            resultString = returnError("读取外部服务器数据失败");
        } catch (UnknownHostException e) {
            log.error("请求的主机地址无效" + e.toString());
            resultString = returnError("请求的主机地址无效");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            log.error("向外部接口发送数据失败" + e.toString());
            resultString = returnError("向外部接口发送数据失败");
        } finally {
            if (in != null) {
                try {
                    in.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            httpMethod.releaseConnection();
        }
        return resultString;
    }

    /**
     * 设置一下返回错误的通用提示,可以自定义格式.
     *
     * @param reason
     * @return
     */
    public static String returnError(String reason) {
        StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
        buffer.append("<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"GBK\"?>");
        buffer.append("<Response>");
        buffer.append("<Success>false</Success>");
        buffer.append("<reason>");
        buffer.append(reason);
        buffer.append("</reason>");
        buffer.append("</Response>");
        return buffer.toString();
    }

   /**
    *X-Forwarded-For:简称XFF头,它代表代表客户端,也就是HTTP的请求端真实的IP
    */
    public final static String REQUEST_HEADER = "x-forwarded-for";

    /**
     * 将客户IP写入请求头
     * 这个设置可以伪装IP请求,注意使用
     *
     * @param client
     * @param ip
     * @return
     */
    public static void resetRequestHeader(HttpClient client, String ip) {
        List<Header> headers = new ArrayList<Header>();
        headers.add(new Header(REQUEST_HEADER, ip));
        client.getHostConfiguration().getParams().setParameter(
                "http.default-headers", headers);
    }
}