使用Makefile编译main.cpp

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friendan 2023-01-16 00:16:32 博主文章分类：Makefile ©著作权

文章标签 Makefile gcc g++ linux cc++ 文章分类 运维

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初学编写Makefile，权当是笔记，希望对别人有些帮助吧！

我的目录结构如下：

使用Makefile编译main.cpp_Makefile

很简单吧，编译后的程序放在release目录。

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该例子Makefile编写如下：

exe=./release/main.out  ### 定义宏（变量）

### 链接目标文件xxx.o,从而生成可执行文件
$(exe): main.o
  gcc -o $(exe) -lstdc++  -Xlinker main.o

### 编译源文件xxx.cpp，生成目标文件xxx.o
main.o: main.cpp
  gcc -lstdc++ -c main.cpp

.PHONY:clean  ### 说明clean是个伪目标文件
clean:
  rm *.out *.o

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main.cpp内容如下：

#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
    printf("Hello World!\n");
    return 0;
}

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效果如下：

使用Makefile编译main.cpp_g++_02

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题外话：

程序编译过程一般为：预处理--->编译--->链接，gcc有相应的参数对应这几个过程

查看gcc的帮助就一清二楚了:

gcc --help

Usage: gcc [options] file...
Options:
-pass-exit-codes Exit with highest error code from a phase
--help Display this information
--target-help Display target specific command line options
(Use '-v --help' to display command line options of sub-processes)
-dumpspecs Display all of the built in spec strings
-dumpversion Display the version of the compiler
-dumpmachine Display the compiler's target processor
-print-search-dirs Display the directories in the compiler's search path
-print-libgcc-file-name Display the name of the compiler's companion library
-print-file-name=<lib> Display the full path to library <lib>
-print-prog-name=<prog> Display the full path to compiler component <prog>
-print-multi-directory Display the root directory for versions of libgcc
-print-multi-lib Display the mapping between command line options and
multiple library search directories
-print-multi-os-directory Display the relative path to OS libraries
-Wa,<options> Pass comma-separated <options> on to the assembler
-Wp,<options> Pass comma-separated <options> on to the preprocessor
-Wl,<options> Pass comma-separated <options> on to the linker
-Xassembler <arg> Pass <arg> on to the assembler // 汇编
-Xpreprocessor <arg> Pass <arg> on to the preprocessor // 预处理
-Xlinker <arg> Pass <arg> on to the linker // 链接
-combine Pass multiple source files to compiler at once // 同时编译多个源文件
-save-temps Do not delete intermediate files
-pipe Use pipes rather than intermediate files
-time Time the execution of each subprocess
-specs=<file> Override built-in specs with the contents of <file>
-std=<standard> Assume that the input sources are for <standard>
--sysroot=<directory> Use <directory> as the root directory for headers
for headers and libraries
-B <directory> Add <directory> to the compiler's search paths
-b <machine> Run gcc for target <machine>, if installed
-V <version> Run gcc version number <version>, if installed
-v Display the programs invoked by the compiler
-### Like -v but options quoted and commands not executed
-E Preprocess only; do not compile, assemble or link // 只预处理，不编译、不汇编、不链接
-S Compile only; do not assemble or link // 只编译，不汇编、不链接
-c Compile and assemble, but do not link // 编译和汇编，不链接
-o <file> Place the output into <file>
-x <language> Specify the language of the following input files
Permissible languages include: c c++ assembler none
'none' means revert to the default behavior of
guessing the language based on the file's extension

Options starting with -g, -f, -m, -O, -W, or --param are automatically
passed on to the various sub-processes invoked by gcc. In order to pass
other options on to these processes the -W<letter> options must be used.

For bug reporting instructions, please see:
<URL:http://bugzilla.redhat.com/bugzilla>.