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openstack 安装：
简介
OpenStack是一个开源的云计算管理平台项目，是一系列软件开源项目的组合，由NASA(美国国家航空航天局)和Rackspace合作研发并发起，以Apache许可证授权的开源代码项目
OpenStack为私有云和公有云提供可扩展的弹性的云计算服务，项目目标是提供实施简单、可大规模扩展、丰富、标准统一的云计算管理平台
OpenStack覆盖了网络、虚拟化、操作系统、服务器等各个方面,它是一个正在开发中的云计算平台项目，根据成熟及重要程度的不同，被分解成核心项目、孵化项目，以及支持项目和相关项目，每个项目都有自己的委员会和项目技术主管，而且每个项目都不是一成不变的，孵化项目可以根据发展的成熟度和重要性，转变为核心项目
核心组件
1、计算(Compute)Nova：一套控制器，用于为单个用户或使用群组管理虚拟机实例的整个生命周期，根据用户需求来提供虚拟服务。负责虚拟机创建、开机、关机、挂起、暂停、调整、迁移、重启、销毁等操作，配置CPU、内存等信息规格
2、对象存储(Object Storage)Swift：一套用于在大规模可扩展系统中通过内置冗余及高容错机制实现对象存储的系统，允许进行存储或者检索文件，可为Glance提供镜像存储，为Cinder提供卷备份服务
3、镜像服务(Image Service)Glance：一套虚拟机镜像查找及检索系统，支持多种虚拟机镜像格式（AKI、AMI、ARI、ISO、QCOW2、Raw、VDI、VHD、VMDK），有创建上传镜像、删除镜像、编辑镜像基本信息的功能
4、身份服务(Identity Service)Keystone：为OpenStack其他服务提供身份验证、服务规则和服务令牌的功能，管理Domains、Projects、Users、Groups、Roles
5、网络&地址管理(Network)Neutron：提供云计算的网络虚拟化技术，为OpenStack其他服务提供网络连接服务。为用户提供接口，可以定义Network、Subnet、Router，配置DHCP、DNS、负载均衡、L3服务，网络支持GRE、VLAN，插件架构支持许多主流的网络厂家和技术，如OpenvSwitch
6、块存储(Block Storage)Cinder：为运行实例提供稳定的数据块存储服务，它的插件驱动架构有利于块设备的创建和管理，如创建卷、删除卷，在实例上挂载和卸载卷
7、UI 界面(Dashboard)Horizon：OpenStack中各种服务的Web管理门户，用于简化用户对服务的操作，例如：启动实例、分配IP地址、配置访问控制等
8、测量(Metering)Ceilometer：能把OpenStack内部发生的几乎所有的事件都收集起来，然后为计费和监控以及其它服务提供数据支撑
9、部署编排(Orchestration)Heat：提供了一种通过模板定义的协同部署方式，实现云基础设施软件运行环境(计算、存储和网络资源)的自动化部署
10、数据库服务(Database Service)Trove：为用户在OpenStack的环境提供可扩展和可靠的关系和非关系数据库引擎服务
前期准备
准备两台Centos7服务器，配置IP地址和hostname,同步系统时间，关闭防火墙和selinux，修改ip地址和hostname映射
1.修改机器主机名分别为：controller和compute
#hostnamectl set-hostname hostname
2.编辑controller和compute的 /etc/hosts 文件
#vi /etc/hosts
172.30.154.44 controller
172.30.154.47 compute
3.验证
采取互ping以及ping百度的方式
4.关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld.service #停止firewall
systemctl disable firewalld.service #禁止firewall开机启动
5.关闭selinux
#setenforce 0 临时关闭
#vi /etc/selinux/config
#SELINUX=enforcing改为SELINUX=disabled
重启生效
- 设置同一时间可以打开的文件数为65535
[root@controller]# ulimit -n 65535
[root@controller# ulimit -n
65535
[root@rabbitmq rabbitmq]# vim /etc/security/limits.conf
* soft nofile 65536
* hard nofile 131072
* soft nproc 2048
* hard nproc 4096
- 设置时间同步
自行百度设置时间同步
- 重启服务器
reboot
部署服务
安装epel源
[root@controller ~]# yum install epel-release -y
[root@computer ~]# yum install epel-release -y
安装openstack源（train 版本）
[root@controller ~]# yum install centos-release-openstack-train -y
[root@computer ~]# yum install centos-release-openstack-train -y
安装openstack的客户端和selinux服务
[root@controller ~]# yum install -y python2-openstackclient openstack-selinux
[root@computer ~]# yum install -y python2-openstackclient openstack-selinux
部署Mariadb数据库和memcached
[root@controller ~]# yum install mariadb mariadb-server python2-PyMySQL memcached -y
安装消息队列服务
[root@controller ~]# yum install rabbitmq-server -y
安装keystone服务
[root@controller bin]# yum install openstack-keystone httpd mod_wsgi -y
安装glance服务
[root@controller ~]# yum install openstack-glance -y
安装placememt服务
[root@controller ~]# yum install openstack-placement-api -y
controller安装nova服务
[root@controller ~]# yum install openstack-nova-api openstack-nova-conductor openstack-nova-novncproxy openstack-nova-scheduler -y
computer安装nova服务
[root@computer ~]# yum install openstack-nova-compute -y
controller安装neutron服务
[root@controller ~]# yum install openstack-neutron openstack-neutron-ml2 openstack-neutron-linuxbridge ebtables ipset iproute -y
computer安装neutron服务
[root@computer ~]# yum install openstack-neutron-linuxbridge ebtables ipset iproute -y
安装dashboard组件
[root@controller ~]# yum install openstack-dashboard -y
controller安装cinder和lvm服务
[root@storager ~]# yum install l openstack-cinder -y
computer安装cinder和lvm服务
[root@storager ~]# yum install lvm2 device-mapper-persistent-data openstack-cinder targetcli python2-keystone -y
开启硬件加速
[root@controller ~]# modprobe kvm-intel
[root@computer ~]# modprobe kvm-intel
安装依赖
[root@controller ~]# yum -y install libibverbs
配置消息队列服务
开启服务
[root@controller ~]# systemctl start rabbitmq-server.service
[root@controller ~]# systemctl enable rabbitmq-server.service
添加用户
[root@controller ~]# rabbitmqctl add_user openstack openstack
授权限
[root@controller ~]#rabbitmqctl set_user_tags admin administrator
[root@controller ~]# rabbitmqctl set_permissions openstack ".*" ".*" ".*"
启动监控界面
[root@controller ~]#rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management
配置memcached服务
修改配置文件
[root@controller ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/memcached
PORT="11211"
USER="memcached"
MAXCONN="65535"
CACHESIZE="1024"
OPTIONS="-l 127.0.0.1,::1,controller"
启动服务
[root@controller ~]# systemctl start memcached.service
[root@controller ~]# systemctl enable memcached.service
配置数据库服务
修改配置文件
[root@controller ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf.d/mariadb-server.cnf
bind-address = 172.30.154.44
default-storage-engine = innodb
innodb_file_per_table = on
max_connections = 4096
collation-server = utf8_general_ci
character-set-server = utf8
启动服务
[root@controller ~]# systemctl start mariadb.service
[root@controller ~]# systemctl enable mariadb.service
创建数据库
MariaDB [(none)]> create database keystone;
MariaDB [(none)]> create database glance;
MariaDB [(none)]> create database nova;
MariaDB [(none)]> create database nova_api;
MariaDB [(none)]> create database nova_cell0;
MariaDB [(none)]> create database neutron;
MariaDB [(none)]> create database cinder;
MariaDB [(none)]> create database placement;
授权用户
MariaDB [(none)]> grant all privileges on keystone.* to 'keystone'@'localhost' identified by '123456';
MariaDB [(none)]> grant all privileges on keystone.* to 'keystone'@'%' identified by '123456';
MariaDB [(none)]> grant all privileges on glance.* to 'glance'@'localhost' identified by '123456';
MariaDB [(none)]> grant all privileges on glance.* to 'glance'@'%' identified by '123456';
MariaDB [(none)]> grant all privileges on nova.* to 'nova'@'localhost' identified by '123456';
MariaDB [(none)]> grant all privileges on nova.* to 'nova'@'%' identified by '123456';
MariaDB [(none)]> grant all privileges on nova_api.* to 'nova'@'localhost' identified by '123456';
MariaDB [(none)]> grant all privileges on nova_api.* to 'nova'@'%' identified by '123456';
MariaDB [(none)]> grant all privileges on nova_cell0.* to 'nova'@'localhost' identified by '123456';
MariaDB [(none)]> grant all privileges on nova_cell0.* to 'nova'@'%' identified by '123456';
MariaDB [(none)]> grant all privileges on neutron.* to 'neutron'@'localhost' identified by '123456';
MariaDB [(none)]> grant all privileges on neutron.* to 'neutron'@'%' identified by '123456';
MariaDB [(none)]> grant all privileges on cinder.* to 'cinder'@'localhost' identified by '123456';
MariaDB [(none)]> grant all privileges on cinder.* to 'cinder'@'%' identified by '123456';
MariaDB [(none)]> grant all privileges on placement.* to 'placement'@'localhost' identified by '123456';
MariaDB [(none)]> grant all privileges on placement.* to 'placement'@'%' identified by '123456';
MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;
通过运行mysql_secure_installation脚本来保护数据库服务
[root@controller ~]# mysql_secure_installation
配置keystone服务
修改配置文件
[root@controller ~]# vim /etc/keystone/keystone.conf
[database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://keystone:your_password@controller/keystone
[token]
provider = fernet
数据库同步
[root@controller ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "keystone-manage db_sync" keystone
密钥库初始化
[root@controller ~]# keystone-manage fernet_setup --keystone-user keystone --keystone-group keystone
[root@controller ~]# keystone-manage credential_setup --keystone-user keystone --keystone-group keystone
[root@controller ~]# keystone-manage bootstrap --bootstrap-password openstack --bootstrap-admin-url http://controller:5000/v3/ --bootstrap-internal-url http://controller:5000/v3/ --bootstrap-public-url http://controller:5000/v3/ --bootstrap-region-id RegionOne
配置httpd服务
#修改配置文件
[root@controller ~]# vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
ServerName controller
#创建软连接
[root@controller ~]# ln -s /usr/share/keystone/wsgi-keystone.conf /etc/httpd/conf.d/
#启动服务
[root@controller ~]# systemctl start httpd
[root@controller ~]# systemctl enable httpd
配置admin环境变量脚本
[root@controller ~]# vi admin-openrc
export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_PROJECT_NAME=admin
export OS_USERNAME=admin
export OS_PASSWORD=openstack
export OS_AUTH_URL=http://controller:5000/v3
export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3
export OS_IMAGE_API_VERSION=2
export OS_VOLUME_API_VERSION=2
验证环境变量
[root@controller ~]# source admin-openrc
[root@controller ~]# openstack token issue
创建service项目
[root@controller ~]# openstack project create --domain default --description "Service Project" service
创建demo项目
[root@controller ~]# openstack project create --domain default --description "Demo Project" demo
创建demo用户
[root@controller ~]# openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt demo
创建user角色
[root@controller ~]# openstack role create user
添加user角色到demo项目和用户
[root@controller ~]# openstack role add --project demo --user demo user
配置demo环境变量脚本
[root@controller ~]# vi demo-openrc
export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_PROJECT_NAME=demo
export OS_USERNAME=demo
export OS_PASSWORD=demo
export OS_AUTH_URL=http://controller:5000/v3
export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3
export OS_IMAGE_API_VERSION=2
配置glance服务
创建并配置glance用户
[root@controller ~]# openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt glance
[root@controller ~]# openstack role add --project service --user glance admin
创建glance服务实体
[root@controller ~]# openstack service create --name glance --description "OpenStack Image" image
创建glance服务端点
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne image public http://controller:9292
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne image internal http://controller:9292
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne image admin http://controller:9292
修改配置文件
[root@controller ~]# vim /etc/glance/glance-api.conf
[database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://glance:your_password@controller/glance
[keystone_authtoken]
www_authenticate_uri = http://controller:5000
auth_uri = http://controller:5000
auth_url = http://controller:5000
memcached_servers = controller:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = Default
user_domain_name = Default
project_name = service
username = glance
password = glance
[paste_deploy]
flavor = keystone
[glance_store]
stores = file,http
default_store = file
filesystem_store_datadir = /var/lib/glance/images/
同步数据库
[root@controller ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "glance-manage db_sync" glance
启动服务
[root@controller ~]# systemctl enable openstack-glance-api.service
[root@controller ~]# systemctl start openstack-glance-api.service
上传镜像
[root@controller ~]# glance image-create --name Centos7 --disk-format qcow2 --container-format bare --progress < CentOS-7-x86_64-GenericCloud-1907.qcow2
查看镜像
[root@controller ~]# openstack image list
Controller配置placement服务
创建并配置placement用户
[root@controller ~]# openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt placement
[root@controller ~]# openstack role add --project service --user placement admin
创建placement服务实体
[root@controller ~]# openstack service create --name placement --description "Placement API" placement
创建placement服务端点
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne placement public http://controller:8778
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne placement internal http://controller:8778
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne placement admin http://controller:8778
修改配置文件
[root@controller ~]# vim /etc/placement/placement.conf
[placement_database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://placement:'your_password'@controller/placement
[api]
auth_strategy = keystone
[keystone_authtoken]
www_authenticate_uri = http://controller:5000
auth_url = http://controller:5000/v3
memcached_servers = controller:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = Default
user_domain_name = Default
project_name = service
username = placement
password = placement
同步数据库
[root@controller ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "placement-manage db sync" placement
重启服务
[root@controller ~]# systemctl restart httpd
Controller配置nova服务
创建并配置nova用户
[root@controller ~]# openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt nova
[root@controller ~]# openstack role add --project service --user nova admin
创建nova服务实体
[root@controller ~]# openstack service create --name nova --description "OpenStack Compute" compute
创建nova服务端点
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne compute public http://controller:8774/v2.1
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne compute internal http://controller:8774/v2.1
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne compute admin http://controller:8774/v2.1
修改配置文件
[root@controller nova]# cp -a /etc/nova/nova.conf{,.bak2}
[root@controller nova]# grep -Ev '^$|#' /etc/nova/nova.conf.bak2 > /etc/nova/nova.conf
[root@controller ~]# vim /etc/nova/nova.conf
[DEFAULT]
enabled_apis = osapi_compute,metadata
my_ip = 192.168.29.148
transport_url = rabbit://openstack:openstack@controller:5672/
auth_strategy=keystone
block_device_allocate_retries = 600
[api_database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://nova:your_password@controller/nova_api
[database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://nova:your_password@controller/nova
[api]
auth_strategy = keystone
[keystone_authtoken]
www_authenticate_uri = http://controller:5000
auth_url = http://controller:5000/v3
memcached_servers = controller:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = nova
password = nova
[vnc]
enabled = true
server_listen = $my_ip
server_proxyclient_address = $my_ip
[glance]
api_servers = http://controller:9292
[oslo_concurrency]
lock_path = /var/lib/nova/tmp
[placement]
os_region_name = RegionOne
project_domain_name = Default
project_name = service
auth_type = password
user_domain_name = Default
auth_url = http://controller:5000/v3
username = placement
password = placement[root@controller ~]# vi /etc/httpd/conf.d/00-placement-api.conf
添加如下内容
<Directory /usr/bin>
<IfVersion >= 2.4>
Require all granted
</IfVersion>
<IfVersion < 2.4>
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</IfVersion>
</Directory>
重启httpd服务
[root@controller ~]# systemctl restart httpd
同步数据库
[root@controller ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage api_db sync" nova
[root@controller ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 map_cell0" nova
[root@controller ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 create_cell --name=cell1 --verbose" nova
[root@controller ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage db sync" nova
验证
[root@controller ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 list_cells" nova
启动服务
[root@controller ~]# systemctl start openstack-nova-api.service openstack-nova-scheduler.service openstack-nova-conductor.service openstack-nova-novncproxy.service
[root@controller ~]# systemctl enable openstack-nova-api.service openstack-nova-scheduler.service openstack-nova-conductor.service openstack-nova-novncproxy.service
compute配置nova服务
修改配置文件
[root@controller nova]# cp -a /etc/nova/nova.conf{,.bak2}
[root@controller nova]# grep -Ev '^$|#' /etc/nova/nova.conf.bak2 > /etc/nova/nova.conf
[root@compute ~]# vi /etc/nova/nova.conf
[DEFAULT]
enabled_apis = osapi_compute,metadata
transport_url = rabbit://openstack:openstack@controller
my_ip = 192.168.29.146
auth_strategy=keystone
block_device_allocate_retries = 600
[api]
auth_strategy = keystone
[keystone_authtoken]
www_authenticate_uri = http://controller:5000
auth_url = http://controller:5000/v3
memcached_servers = controller:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = nova
password = nova
[vnc]
enabled = True
server_listen = 0.0.0.0
server_proxyclient_address = $my_ip
novncproxy_base_url = http://controller:6080/vnc_auto.html
[glance]
api_servers = http://controller:9292
[oslo_concurrency]
lock_path = /var/lib/nova/tmp
[placement]
os_region_name = RegionOne
project_domain_name = Default
project_name = service
auth_type = password
user_domain_name = Default
auth_url = http://controller:5000/v3
username = placement
password = placement
[libvirt]
virt_type = kvm
#虚拟机部署集群需要用qemu
#virt_type = qemu启动服务
[root@compute ~]# systemctl start libvirtd.service openstack-nova-compute.service
[root@compute ~]# systemctl enable libvirtd.service openstack-nova-compute.service
controller添加computer进入数据库
查看nova-compute结点
[root@controller ~]# openstack compute service list --service nova-compute
添加数据库
[root@controller ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 discover_hosts --verbose" nova
controller配置neutron服务
创建并配置neutron用户
[root@controller ~]# openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt neutron
[root@controller ~]# openstack role add --project service --user neutron admin
创建neutron服务实体
[root@controller ~]# openstack service create --name neutron --description "OpenStack Networking" network
创建neutron服务端点
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne network public http://controller:9696
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne network internal http://controller:9696
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne network admin http://controller:9696
修改配置文件(linuxbridge网络架构)
[root@controller ~]# vi /etc/neutron/neutron.conf
[DEFAULT]
core_plugin = ml2
service_plugins = router
allow_overlapping_ips = true
transport_url = rabbit://openstack:openstack@controller
auth_strategy = keystone
notify_nova_on_port_status_changes = true
notify_nova_on_port_data_changes = true
[database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://neutron:your_password@controller/neutron
[keystone_authtoken]
www_authenticate_uri = http://controller:5000
auth_url = http://controller:5000
memcached_servers = controller:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = neutron
password = neutron
[nova]
auth_url = http://controller:5000
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
region_name = RegionOne
project_name = service
username = nova
password = nova
[oslo_concurrency]
lock_path = /var/lib/neutron/tmp
[root@controller ~]# vi /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini
[ml2]
#type_drivers = flat,vlan,vxlan
type_drivers = flat,vlan
#tenant_network_types = vxlan
tenant_network_types =
mechanism_drivers = linuxbridge,l2population
extension_drivers = port_security
[ml2_type_flat]
flat_networks = provider
[ml2_type_vxlan]
#vni_ranges = 1:1000
[securitygroup]
enable_ipset = true
[root@controller ~]# vi /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini
[linux_bridge]
physical_interface_mappings = provider:ens160 #ens160为物理机对外访问网卡
[vxlan]
enable_vxlan = false
#enable_vxlan = true
#local_ip = 172.30.154.44
#l2_population = true
[securitygroup]
enable_security_group = true
firewall_driver = neutron.agent.linux.iptables_firewall.IptablesFirewallDriver
[root@controller ~]# vi /etc/neutron/l3_agent.ini
[DEFAULT]
interface_driver = linuxbridge
[root@controller ~]# vi /etc/neutron/dhcp_agent.ini
[DEFAULT]
interface_driver = linuxbridge
dhcp_driver = neutron.agent.linux.dhcp.Dnsmasq
enable_isolated_metadata = true
[root@controller ~]# vi /etc/neutron/metadata_agent.ini
[DEFAULT]
nova_metadata_host = controller
#metadata_proxy_shared_secret = 000000
metadata_proxy_shared_secret = METADATA_SECRET
[root@controller ~]# vi /etc/nova/nova.conf
[neutron]
url = http://controller:9696
auth_url = http://controller:5000
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
region_name = RegionOne
project_name = service
username = neutron
password = neutron
service_metadata_proxy = true
metadata_proxy_shared_secret = METADATA_SECRET
创建软链接
[root@controller ~]# ln -s /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini /etc/neutron/plugin.ini
同步数据库
[root@controller ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "neutron-db-manage --config-file /etc/neutron/neutron.conf --config-file /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini upgrade head" neutron
启动服务
#重启nova-api服务
[root@controller ~]# systemctl restart openstack-nova-api.service
#linuxbridge架构
[root@controller ~]# systemctl start neutron-server.service neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service neutron-dhcp-agent.service neutron-metadata-agent.service neutron-l3-agent.service
[root@controller ~]# systemctl enable neutron-server.service neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service neutron-dhcp-agent.service neutron-metadata-agent.service neutron-l3-agent.service
computer配置neutron服务
修改配置文件(linuxbridge架构)
[root@computer ~]# vi /etc/neutron/neutron.conf
[DEFAULT]
transport_url = rabbit://openstack:openstack@controller
auth_strategy = keystone
[keystone_authtoken]
www_authenticate_uri = http://controller:5000
auth_url = http://controller:5000
memcached_servers = controller:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = neutron
password = neutron
[oslo_concurrency]
lock_path = /var/lib/neutron/tmp
[root@computer ~]# vi /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini
[linux_bridge]
physical_interface_mappings = provider:ens160
[vxlan]
enable_vxlan = false
#local_ip = 192.168.29.149
#l2_population = true
[securitygroup]
enable_security_group = true
firewall_driver = neutron.agent.linux.iptables_firewall.IptablesFirewallDriver
[root@computer ~]# vi /etc/nova/nova.conf
[neutron]
url = http://controller:9696
auth_url = http://controller:5000
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
region_name = RegionOne
project_name = service
username = neutron
password = neutron
启动服务
#重启nova-compute服务
[root@compute ~]# systemctl stop openstack-nova-compute.service
[root@compute ~]# systemctl start openstack-nova-compute.service
#注:直接restart重启可能会导致报错
#linuxbridge架构
[root@compute ~]# systemctl start neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service
[root@compute ~]# systemctl enable neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service
验证
[root@controller ~]# openstack network agent list
#查看日志
[root@computer ~]# tail /var/log/nova/nova-compute.log
配置dashboard组件
修改配置文件
[root@controller ~]# vim /etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings
OPENSTACK_HOST = "controller"
ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*', 'two.example.com']
SESSION_ENGINE = 'django.contrib.sessions.backends.cache'
CACHES = { 'default': { 'BACKEND': 'django.core.cache.backends.memcached.MemcachedCache', 'LOCATION': 'controller:11211', }
}
OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_URL = "http://%s:5000/v3" % OPENSTACK_HOST
OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_MULTIDOMAIN_SUPPORT = True
OPENSTACK_API_VERSIONS = { "identity": 3, "image": 2, "volume": 2,
}
OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_DEFAULT_DOMAIN = "Default"
OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_DEFAULT_ROLE = "user"
WEBROOT = '/dashboard/'
重建apache的dashboard配置文件
[root@controller ~]# cd /usr/share/openstack-dashboard
[root@controller ~]# python manage.py make_web_conf --apache > /etc/httpd/conf.d/openstack-dashboard.conf
[root@controller ~]#ln -s /etc/openstack-dashboard /usr/share/openstack-dashboard/openstack_dashboard/conf
[root@controller ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/openstack-dashboard.conf
WSGIApplicationGroup %{GLOBAL}
#将原有的配置注释掉，添加以下配置
#WSGIScriptAlias / /usr/share/openstack-dashboard/openstack_dashboard/wsgi.py
#Alias /static /usr/share/openstack-dashboard/stati
WSGIScriptAlias /dashboard /usr/share/openstack-dashboard/openstack_dashboard/wsgi/django.wsgi
Alias /dashboard/static /usr/share/openstack-dashboard/static
重启服务
[root@controller ~]# systemctl restart httpd.service memcached.service
访问web界面
浏览器访问http://ip/dashboard
安装并配置一个存储节点（类似于计算节点）
没有存储节点默认存储在计算节点的本地硬盘，目录为/var/lib/nova/instances
本地硬盘的优势是性能好，缺点是不灵活
本次试验还是安装在控制节点上面（对于cinder来说就是一个存储节点）
Computer配置cinder服务(有第二块硬盘可配置，区别系统盘)
配置cinder硬盘
[root@computer~]# mkfs.xfs -f /dev/sdb
配置逻辑卷
[root@computer~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb
[root@computer~]# vgcreate cinder-volumes /dev/sdb
修改lvm的配置文件中添加filter，只有instance可以访问
[root@test03 ~]# vim /etc/lvm/lvm.conf
143 filter = ["a/sda/","a/sdb/","r/.*/"]
启动lvm 程序
[root@test03 ~]# systemctl enable lvm2-lvmetad.service
[root@test03 ~]# systemctl start lvm2-lvmetad.service
修改配置文件
[root@controller ~]# cp -a /etc/cinder/cinder.conf{,.bak}
[root@controller ~]# grep -Ev '^$|#' /etc/cinder/cinder.conf.bak > /etc/cinder/cinder.conf
[root@controller ~]# vim /etc/cinder/cinder.conf
[default]
transport_url = rabbit://openstack:openstack@controller
auth_strategy = keystone
my_ip = 192.168.29.149
enabled_backends = lvm
glance_api_servers = http://controller:9292
[database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://cinder:your_password@controller/cinder
[keystone_authtoken]
www_authenticate_uri = http://controller:5000
#auth_uri = http://controller:5000
auth_url = http://controller:5000
memcached_servers = controller:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_id = default
user_domain_id = default
project_name = service
username = cinder
password = cinder
[oslo_concurrency]
lock_path = /var/lib/cinder/tmp
#没有lvm标签自行添加
[lvm]
volume_driver = cinder.volume.drivers.lvm.LVMVolumeDriver
volume_group = cinder-volumes
#volumes_dir = $state_path/volumes
iscsi_protocol = iscsi
iscsi_helper = lioadm
#iscsi_ip_address = 172.30.154.47#存储节点ip启动服务
[root@computer~]# systemctl start openstack-cinder-volume.service target.service
[root@computer~]# systemctl enable openstack-cinder-volume.service target.service
Computer配置tgt服务(此服务官方文档未说明，具体作用未知，查看源码有此服务，故安装，不安装报错)
安装 scsi-target-utils
[root@computer~]# yum --enablerepo=epel -y install scsi-target-utils libxslt
配置
vim /etc/tgt/tgtd.conf
添加如下内容
include /var/lib/cinder/volumes/*
启动 tgtd 服务
//设置开机启动
systemctl enable tgtd
//启动
systemctl start tgtd
Controller配置cinder服务
创建并配置cinder用户
[root@controller ~]# openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt cinder
[root@controller ~]# openstack role add --project service --user cinder admin
创建cinder服务实体
[root@controller ~]# openstack service create --name cinderv2 --description "OpenStack Block Storage" volumev2
[root@controller ~]# openstack service create --name cinderv3 --description "OpenStack Block Storage" volumev3
创建cinder服务端点
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne volumev2 public http://controller:8776/v2/%\(project_id\)s
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne volumev2 internal http://controller:8776/v2/%\(project_id\)s
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne volumev2 admin http://controller:8776/v2/%\(project_id\)s
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne volumev3 public http://controller:8776/v3/%\(project_id\)s
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne volumev3 internal http://controller:8776/v3/%\(project_id\)s
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne volumev3 admin http://controller:8776/v3/%\(project_id\)s
编辑配置文件
[root@controller ~]# cp -a /etc/cinder/cinder.conf{,.bak}
[root@controller ~]# grep -Ev '^$|#' /etc/cinder/cinder.conf.bak > /etc/cinder/cinder.conf
[root@controller ~]# vim /etc/cinder/cinder.conf
[default]
transport_url = rabbit://openstack:openstack@controller
auth_strategy = keystone
my_ip = 192.168.29.148
[database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://cinder:your_password@controller/cinder
[keystone_authtoken]
www_authenticate_uri = http://controller:5000
#auth_uri = http://controller:5000
auth_url = http://controller:5000
memcached_servers = controller:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = cinder
password = cinder
[oslo_concurrency]
lock_path = /var/lib/cinder/tmp[root@controller ~]# vim /etc/nova/nova.conf
[cinder]
os_region_name = RegionOne
重启nova服务
systemctl restart openstack-nova-api.service
同步数据库
[root@controller ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "cinder-manage db sync" cinder
启动服务
[root@controller ~]# systemctl start openstack-cinder-api.service openstack-cinder-scheduler.service
[root@controller ~]# systemctl enable openstack-cinder-api.service openstack-cinder-scheduler.service
查看状态
[root@controller ~]# openstack volume service list
创建卷
#容量为1G
[root@controller ~]# cinder create --name demo_volume 1
挂载卷
#查看卷id
[root@controller ~]# cinder list
#挂载卷到云主机
[root@controller ~]# nova volume-attach mycentos e9804810-9dce-47f6-84f7-25a8da672800
创建实例
镜像下载
下载clould 镜像 （官网镜像存在bug，不建议使用）
最简单的方法是使用标准镜像。主流的Linux发行版都提供可以在 OpenStack 中直接使用的cloud镜像，下载地址：
CentOS6：http://cloud.centos.org/centos/6/images/
CentOS7：http://cloud.centos.org/centos/7/images/
Ubuntu14.04：http://cloud-images.ubuntu.com/trusty/current/
Ubuntu16.04：http://cloud-images.ubuntu.com/xenial/current/
定制 openstack centos7镜像（推荐）
参考次博客方法定制：
https://www.jianshu.com/p/137e6f3f0369
上传镜像
openstack image create "centos" --file CentOS-7-x86_64-Azure-1707.qcow2 --disk-format qcow2 --container-format bare --public
openstack image create --disk-format qcow2 --container-format bare --public --file /root/CentOS-7-x86_64-Minimal-1708.iso CentOS-7-x86_64
查看制作的镜像信息
openstack image list
创建网络
openstack network create --share --external --provider-physical-network provider --provider-network-type flat provider
参数
–share 允许所有项目使用虚拟网络
–external 定义外接虚拟网络 如果需要创建外网使用 --internal
–provider-physical-network provider && --provider-network-type flat 连接flat 虚拟网络
创建子网
openstack subnet create --network provider --allocation-pool start=10.71.11.50,end=10.71.11.60 --dns-nameserver 114.114.114.114 --gateway 10.71.11.254 --subnet-range 10.71.11.0/24 provider
openstack network list
创建flavor
openstack flavor create --id 1 --vcpus 4 --ram 128 --disk 1 m2.nano
openstack flavor list
控制节点生成秘钥对,在启动实例之前，需要将公钥添加到Compute服务
ssh-keygen -q -N ""
openstack keypair create --public-key ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub mykey
添加安全组，允许ICMP（ping）和安全shell（SSH）
openstack security group rule create --proto icmp default
openstack security group list
允许安全shell（SSH）访问
openstack security group rule create --proto tcp --dst-port 22 default
创建虚拟机
方法一：界面按照指引创建
方法二：
openstack server create --flavor min --image cirros --nic net-id=6ef57ba4-b18b-4d37-9696-ca6d740ae586 --security-group default --key-name liukey cirros
查看虚拟机状态
openstack server list
