原理：就是用公钥和私钥之间验证替代密码验证，公钥在远程机器上，私钥在本地机器上。
1、远程：192.168.1.11
2、本地：192.168.1.10
步骤
1、创建密钥
ssh-keygen -t rsa
luoyangbo@localhost:~/.ssh$ ssh-keygen -t rsa Generating public/private rsa key pair. Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): (忽略) Enter same passphrase again: (忽略) Your identification has been saved in /home/luoyangbo/.ssh/id_rsa. Your public key has been saved in /home/luoyangbo/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
2、复制公密到服务器
scp id_rsa.pub luoyangbo@192.168.1.11:/home/luoyangbo/.ssh/192.168.1.10
luoyangbo@localhost:~/.ssh$ scp id_rsa.pub miao@192.168.1.112:/home/luoyangbo/.ssh/192.168.1.11
luoyangbo@192.168.1.11's password:
id_rsa.pub 100% 404 0.4KB/s 00:00
3、添加公密到192.168.11的信任区域
cat 192.168.1.10 >> authorized_keys
注： 2，3两步可由命令ssh-copy-id一步到位
ssh-copy-id luoyangbo@192.168.1.11
luoyangbo@localhost:~/.ssh$ ssh-copy-id luoyangbo@192.168.1.11
Password: Now try logging into the machine, with "ssh 'luoyangbo@192.168.1.11'", and check in: .ssh/authorized_keys to make sure we haven't added extra keys that you weren't expecting.
4、启动ssh-agent
如果ssh 192.168.11返回 Agent admitted failure to sign using the key
ps -Af | grep agent查看有无ssh-agent有无运行，若没有
luoyangbo@localhost:~/.ssh$ ssh-agent
5、添加id_rsa到ssh-agent
luoyangbo@localhost:~/.ssh$ ssh-add id_rsa
PS:遇到问题&解决办法
一切完成后，ssh远程仍然需要密码验证。
这时只需要修改远程机器.ssh及其下面文件的权限即可
chown username: /home/username/.ssh chown username: /home/username/.ssh/* chmod 700 /home/username/.ssh chmod 600 /home/username/.ssh/*
