首先安装JDK

1下载JDK-下载jkdhttp://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index.html

2对于32位的系统可以下载以下两个Linux x86版本, 64位系统下载Linux x64版本(x64.rpmx64.tar.gz)uname -a 查看系统版本 or getconfig LONG_BIT)

3安装JDK

安装方法参考http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/webnotes/install/linux/linux-jdk.html

a 选择要安装java的位置,如/usr/目录下,新建文件夹java(mkdirjava)

b 将文件jdk-7u40-linux-i586.tar.gz移动到/usr/java

c 解压:tar -zxvf jdk-7u40-linux-i586.tar.gz

v 删除jdk-7u40-linux-i586.tar.gz(为了节省空间)

至此,jkd安装完毕,下面配置环境变量

4打开/etc/profile(vim /etc/profile)

在最后面添加如下内容:

JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_40(这里的版本号1.7.40要根据具体下载情况修改)

CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib.tools.jar

PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH

export JAVA_HOMECLASSPATH PATH

5source /etc/profile

6验证是否安装成功:java–version

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

然后配置并启动Hadoop

运行下面命令,将最新版的hadoop下载下来:

[wyp@wyp hadoop]$ wget http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache/hadoop/common/hadoop-2.2.0/hadoop-2.2.0.tar.gz

  当然,你也可以用下载的软件到上面的地址去下载。上面的命令是一行,由于此处太长了, 所以强制弄成两行。假设下载好的hadoop存放在/home/wyp/Downloads/hadoop目录中,由于下载下来的hadoop是压缩好的,请将它解压,运行下面的命令:

[wyp@wyp hadoop]$ tar -xvf hadoop-2.2.0.tar.gz

解压之后,你将会看到如下目录结构:

[wyp@wyp hadoop]$ ls -l

total 56

drwxr-xr-x. 2 wyp wyp  4096 Oct  7 14:38 bin

drwxr-xr-x. 3 wyp wyp  4096 Oct  7 14:38 etc

drwxr-xr-x. 2 wyp wyp  4096 Oct  7 14:38 include

drwxr-xr-x. 3 wyp wyp  4096 Oct  7 14:38 lib

drwxr-xr-x. 2 wyp wyp  4096 Oct  7 14:38 libexec

-rw-r--r--. 1 wyp wyp 15164 Oct  7 14:46 LICENSE.txt

drwxrwxr-x. 3 wyp wyp  4096 Oct 28 14:38 logs

-rw-r--r--. 1 wyp wyp   101 Oct  7 14:46 NOTICE.txt

-rw-r--r--. 1 wyp wyp  1366 Oct  7 14:46 README.txt

drwxr-xr-x. 2 wyp wyp  4096 Oct 28 12:37 sbin

drwxr-xr-x. 4 wyp wyp  4096 Oct  7 14:38 share


下面是配置Hadoop的步骤:首先设置好Hadoop环境变量:

[wyp@wyp hadoop]$ sudo vim /etc/profile


在/etc/profile文件的末尾加上以下配置


export HADOOP_DEV_HOME=/home/wyp/Downloads/hadoop

export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_DEV_HOME/bin

export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_DEV_HOME/sbin

export HADOOP_MAPARED_HOME=${HADOOP_DEV_HOME}

export HADOOP_COMMON_HOME=${HADOOP_DEV_HOME}

export HADOOP_HDFS_HOME=${HADOOP_DEV_HOME}

export YARN_HOME=${HADOOP_DEV_HOME}

export HADOOP_CONF_DIR=${HADOOP_DEV_HOME}/etc/hadoop


然后按:wq保存。为了让刚刚的设置生效,运行下面的命令

[wyp@wyp hadoop]$ sudo source /etc/profile

接下来修改Hadoop的hadoop-env.sh配置文件,设置jdk所在的路径:

[wyp@wyp hadoop]$ vim etc/hadoop/hadoop-env.sh


在里面找到JAVA_HOME,并将它的值设置为你电脑jdk所在的绝对路径


# The java implementation to use.

export JAVA_HOME=/home/wyp/Downloads/jdk1.7.0_45


设置好之后请保存退出。接下来请配置好一下几个文件(都在hadoop目录下的etc/hadoop目录下):

----------------core-site.xml

<property>

   <name>fs.default.name</name>

   <value>hdfs://localhost:8020</value>

   <final>true</final>

</property>


------------------------- yarn-site.xml

<property>

   <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>

   <value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>

</property>


<property>

   <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services.mapreduce.shuffle.class</name>

   <value>org.apache.hadoop.mapred.ShuffleHandler</value>

</property>


------------------------ mapred-site.xml

<property>

   <name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>

   <value>yarn</value>

</property>


<property>

   <name>mapred.system.dir</name>

   <value>file:/opt/cloud/hadoop_space/mapred/system</value>

   <final>true</final>

</property>


<property>

   <name>mapred.local.dir</name>

   <value>file:/opt/cloud/hadoop_space/mapred/local</value>

   <final>true</final>

</property>


----------- hdfs-site.xml  

<property>

   <name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>

   <value>file:/opt/cloud/hadoop_space/dfs/name</value>

   <final>true</final>

</property>


<property>

   <name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name>

   <value>file:/opt/cloud/hadoop_space/dfs/data</value>

   <description>Determines where on the local

     filesystem an DFS data node should store its blocks.

     If this is a comma-delimited list of directories,

     then data will be stored in all named

     directories, typically on different devices.

     Directories that do not exist are ignored.

   </description>

   <final>true</final>

</property>

<property>

   <name>dfs.replication</name>

   <value>1</value>

</property>


<property>

   <name>dfs.permissions</name>

   <value>false</value>

</property>

上面的配置弄好之后,现在来进行测试,看看配置是否正确。首先格式化一下HDFS,如下命令:

[wyp@wyp hadoop]$  hdfs namenode -format

13/10/28 16:47:33 INFO namenode.NameNode: STARTUP_MSG:

/************************************************************


..............此处省略好多文字......................


************************************************************/

13/10/28 16:47:33 INFO namenode.NameNode: registered UNIX signal

handlers for [TERM, HUP, INT]

Formatting using clusterid: CID-9931f367-92d3-4693-a706-d83e120cacd6

13/10/28 16:47:34 INFO namenode.HostFileManager: read includes:

HostSet(

)

13/10/28 16:47:34 INFO namenode.HostFileManager: read excludes:

HostSet(

)


..............此处也省略好多文字......................


13/10/28 16:47:38 INFO util.ExitUtil: Exiting with status 0

13/10/28 16:47:38 INFO namenode.NameNode: SHUTDOWN_MSG:

/************************************************************

SHUTDOWN_MSG: Shutting down NameNode at wyp/192.168.142.138

************************************************************/

[wyp@wyp hadoop]$

大概出现上面的输出,好了,去启动一下你的Hadoop吧,命令如下:

[wyp@wyp hadoop]$ sbin/start-dfs.sh

[wyp@wyp hadoop]$ sbin/start-yarn.sh


查看一下是否安装好了Hadoop,命令如下:

[wyp@wyp hadoop]$ jps

9582 Main

9684 RemoteMavenServer

7011 DataNode

7412 ResourceManager

17423 Jps

7528 NodeManager

7222 SecondaryNameNode

6832 NameNode

[wyp@wyp hadoop]$


  如何关闭Hadoop各个服务:其中的jps是jdk自带的,如果出现NameNode、SecondaryNameNode、NodeManager、ResourceManager、DataNode这五个进程,那就恭喜你了,你的Hadoop已经安装好了

[wyp@wyp hadoop]$ sbin/stop-dfs.sh

[wyp@wyp hadoop]$ sbin/stop-yarn.sh