Zabbix 认证方式有三种，分别是Internal、LDAP和HTTP。这里对认证方式不做过多解释。


假如我们将认证方式配置为LDAP，但是认证使用的账号被误删除，并且密码已经记不清了，或者LDAP

系统挂掉，此时使用Zabbix初安装时的Admin/zabbix 账号密码组合是不能登陆的。这时我们该怎么办

呢？


思路有两个:

1. 更改认证类型为Internal，然后使用Admin登陆，如果忘记密码，也可以重置Admin密码

2. 更新LDAP认证主机和Bind DN


其实这些配置信息都是存储在数据库中的，我们可以通过数据库修改这些信息。

下面我们看一下数据库表信息:

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[root@zabbix ~]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 83
Server version: 5.1.72-log Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> use zabbix;
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+-----------------------+
| Tables_in_zabbix      |
+-----------------------+
| acknowledges          |
| actions               |
| alerts                |
| applications          |
| auditlog              |
| auditlog_details      |
| autoreg_host          |
| conditions            |
| config                |
| dchecks               |
| dhosts                |
| drules                |
| dservices             |
| escalations           |
| events                |
| expressions           |
| functions             |
| globalmacro           |
| globalvars            |
| graph_discovery       |
| graph_theme           |
| graphs                |
| graphs_items          |
| groups                |
| help_items            |
| history               |
| history_log           |
| history_str           |
| history_str_sync      |
| history_sync          |
| history_text          |
| history_uint          |
| history_uint_sync     |
| host_inventory        |
| hostmacro             |
| hosts                 |
| hosts_groups          |
| hosts_templates       |
| housekeeper           |
| httpstep              |
| httpstepitem          |
| httptest              |
| httptestitem          |
| icon_map              |
| icon_mapping          |
| ids                   |
| p_w_picpaths                |
| interface             |
| item_discovery        |
| items                 |
| items_applications    |
| maintenances          |
| maintenances_groups   |
| maintenances_hosts    |
| maintenances_windows  |
| mappings              |
| media                 |
| media_type            |
| node_cksum            |
| nodes                 |
| opcommand             |
| opcommand_grp         |
| opcommand_hst         |
| opconditions          |
| operations            |
| opgroup               |
| opmessage             |
| opmessage_grp         |
| opmessage_usr         |
| optemplate            |
| profiles              |
| proxy_autoreg_host    |
| proxy_dhistory        |
| proxy_history         |
| regexps               |
| rights                |
| screens               |
| screens_items         |
| scripts               |
| service_alarms        |
| services              |
| services_links        |
| services_times        |
| sessions              |
| slides                |
| slideshows            |
| sysmap_element_url    |
| sysmap_url            |
| sysmaps               |
| sysmaps_elements      |
| sysmaps_link_triggers |
| sysmaps_links         |
| timeperiods           |
| trends                |
| trends_uint           |
| trigger_depends       |
| trigger_discovery     |
| triggers              |
| user_history          |
| users                 |
| users_groups          |
| usrgrp                |
| valuemaps             |
+-----------------------+
103 rows in set (0.00 sec)


用户和认证的信息涉及到四个表，分别是表config、users、users_groups、usrgrp。


config表结构:

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mysql> desc config;
+-------------------------+---------------------+------+-----+-----------------+-------+
| Field                   | Type                | Null | Key | Default         | Extra |
+-------------------------+---------------------+------+-----+-----------------+-------+
| configid                | bigint(20) unsigned | NO   | PRI | NULL            |       |
| alert_history           | int(11)             | NO   |     | 0               |       |
| event_history           | int(11)             | NO   |     | 0               |       |
| refresh_unsupported     | int(11)             | NO   |     | 0               |       |
| work_period             | varchar(100)        | NO   |     | 1-5,00:00-24:00 |       |
| alert_usrgrpid          | bigint(20) unsigned | YES  | MUL | NULL            |       |
| event_ack_enable        | int(11)             | NO   |     | 1               |       |
| event_expire            | int(11)             | NO   |     | 7               |       |
| event_show_max          | int(11)             | NO   |     | 100             |       |
| default_theme           | varchar(128)        | NO   |     | originalblue    |       |
| authentication_type     | int(11)             | NO   |     | 0               |       |
| ldap_host               | varchar(255)        | NO   |     |                 |       |
| ldap_port               | int(11)             | NO   |     | 389             |       |
| ldap_base_dn            | varchar(255)        | NO   |     |                 |       |
| ldap_bind_dn            | varchar(255)        | NO   |     |                 |       |
| ldap_bind_password      | varchar(128)        | NO   |     |                 |       |
| ldap_search_attribute   | varchar(128)        | NO   |     |                 |       |
| dropdown_first_entry    | int(11)             | NO   |     | 1               |       |
| dropdown_first_remember | int(11)             | NO   |     | 1               |       |
| discovery_groupid       | bigint(20) unsigned | NO   | MUL | NULL            |       |
| max_in_table            | int(11)             | NO   |     | 50              |       |
| search_limit            | int(11)             | NO   |     | 1000            |       |
| severity_color_0        | varchar(6)          | NO   |     | DBDBDB          |       |
| severity_color_1        | varchar(6)          | NO   |     | D6F6FF          |       |
| severity_color_2        | varchar(6)          | NO   |     | FFF6A5          |       |
| severity_color_3        | varchar(6)          | NO   |     | FFB689          |       |
| severity_color_4        | varchar(6)          | NO   |     | FF9999          |       |
| severity_color_5        | varchar(6)          | NO   |     | FF3838          |       |
| severity_name_0         | varchar(32)         | NO   |     | Not classified  |       |
| severity_name_1         | varchar(32)         | NO   |     | Information     |       |
| severity_name_2         | varchar(32)         | NO   |     | Warning         |       |
| severity_name_3         | varchar(32)         | NO   |     | Average         |       |
| severity_name_4         | varchar(32)         | NO   |     | High            |       |
| severity_name_5         | varchar(32)         | NO   |     | Disaster        |       |
| ok_period               | int(11)             | NO   |     | 1800            |       |
| blink_period            | int(11)             | NO   |     | 1800            |       |
| problem_unack_color     | varchar(6)          | NO   |     | DC0000          |       |
| problem_ack_color       | varchar(6)          | NO   |     | DC0000          |       |
| ok_unack_color          | varchar(6)          | NO   |     | 00AA00          |       |
| ok_ack_color            | varchar(6)          | NO   |     | 00AA00          |       |
| problem_unack_style     | int(11)             | NO   |     | 1               |       |
| problem_ack_style       | int(11)             | NO   |     | 1               |       |
| ok_unack_style          | int(11)             | NO   |     | 1               |       |
| ok_ack_style            | int(11)             | NO   |     | 1               |       |
| snmptrap_logging        | int(11)             | NO   |     | 1               |       |
| server_check_interval   | int(11)             | NO   |     | 10              |       |
+-------------------------+---------------------+------+-----+-----------------+-------+
46 rows in set (0.03 sec)


其中，认证类型由 authentication_type，字段决定，值可以为0,1和2。0 代表Internal,1代表

LDAP，2代表HTTP.


这样更改认证类型就容易了：

将认证类型更改为Internal:

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mysql> update config set authentication_type=0;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)


修改Admin密码:

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#查询Admin用户的ID:
mysql> select * from users;
+--------+-------------+-------------+---------------+----------------------------------+-----+-----------+------------+-------+---------+------+---------+----------------+----------------+---------------+---------------+
| userid | alias       | name        | surname       | passwd                           | url | autologin | autologout | lang  | refresh | type | theme   | attempt_failed | attempt_ip     | attempt_clock | rows_per_page |
+--------+-------------+-------------+---------------+----------------------------------+-----+-----------+------------+-------+---------+------+---------+----------------+----------------+---------------+---------------+
|      1 | Admin       | Zabbix      | Administrator | 5fce1b3e34b520afeffb37ce08c7cd66 |     |         1 |          0 | zh_CN |      30 |    3 | default |              4 | 192.168.100.34 |    1383812925 |            50 |
#更新Admin密码
mysql> update users set passwd='zabbix' where userid=1;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)


更改用户权限组:


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#查询权限组ID
mysql> select * from usrgrp;
+----------+---------------------------+------------+--------------+------------+
| usrgrpid | name                      | gui_access | users_status | debug_mode |
+----------+---------------------------+------------+--------------+------------+
|        7 | Zabbix administrators     |          0 |            0 |          0 |
|        8 | Guests                    |          0 |            0 |          0 |
|        9 | Disabled                  |          0 |            1 |          0 |
|       11 | Enabled debug mode        |          0 |            0 |          1 |
|       12 | No access to the frontend |          2 |            0 |          0 |
|       13 | Hou                       |          0 |            0 |          0 |
|       14 | Mu                        |          0 |            0 |          0 |
+----------+---------------------------+------------+--------------+------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
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#查询用户和权限组对应关系
mysql> select * from users_groups ;
+----+----------+--------+
| id | usrgrpid | userid |
+----+----------+--------+
|  4 |        7 |      1 |
|  2 |        8 |      2 |
|  5 |        7 |      3 |
|  6 |        7 |      4 |
|  7 |        7 |      5 |
| 12 |       14 |      6 |
| 11 |       13 |      8 |
+----+----------+--------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
#修改用户所在权限组
mysql>  update users_group set usrgrpid='1' where userid=3;
ERROR 1146 (42S02): Table 'zabbix.users_group' doesn't exist
mysql>  update users_groups set usrgrpid='1' where userid=3;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)


更改LDAP主机或者BIND DN:

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mysql> update config set ldap_host='xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx' ldap_base_dn='cn=ldap_search,ou=example,dc=com' ldap_bind_password='passwd';


有了上面这些操作，不论是用户误删除且密码忘记，还是LDAP挂掉，都可以随心所欲的更改认证了。