iphone开发笔记---1（转载）

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zz_yun 2011-05-12 17:32:21 博主文章分类：iphone

文章标签 移动开发 iphone 休闲 iphone开发 iphone开发笔记 文章分类 移动开发

iphone开发笔记

退回输入键盘

- (BOOL) textFieldShouldReturn:(id)textField{

[textField resignFirstResponder];

}

CGRect

CGRect frame = CGRectMake (origin.x, origin.y, size.width, size.height)；矩形

NSStringFromCGRect(someCG) 把CGRect结构转变为格式化字符串；

CGRectFromString(aString) 由字符串恢复出矩形；

CGRectInset(aRect) 创建较小或较大的矩形（中心点相同），＋较小－较大

CGRectIntersectsRect(rect1, rect2) 判断两矩形是否交叉，是否重叠

CGRectZero 高度和宽度为零的／位于（0，0）的矩形常量

CGPoint & CGSize

CGPoint aPoint = CGPointMake(x, y);

CGSize aSize = CGSizeMake(width, height);

设置透明度

[myView setAlpha:value]; (0.0 < value < 1.0)

设置背景色

[myView setBackgroundColor:[UIColor redColor]];

(blackColor;darkGrayColor;lightGrayColor;

whiteColor;grayColor; redColor; greenColor;

blueColor; cyanColor;yellowColor;

magentaColor;orangeColor;purpleColor;

brownColor; clearColor; )

自定义颜色

UIColor *newColor = [[UIColor alloc]

initWithRed:(float) green:(float) blue:(float) alpha:(float)];

0.0~1.0

320X480

480X320

20 像素

44像素

[[UIApplication shareApplication] setStatusBarHidden: YES animated:NO]

横屏

[[UIApplication shareApplication]

setStatusBarOrientation:UIInterfaceOrientationLandscapeRight].

屏幕变动检测

orientation == UIInterfaceOrientationLandscapeLeft

全屏

window=[[UIWindow alloc] initWithFrame:[UIScreen mainScreen] bounds];

自动适应父视图大小：

aView.autoresizingSubviews = YES;

aView.autoresizingMask = (UIViewAutoresizingFlexibleWidth |

UIViewAutoresizingFlexibleHeight);

定义按钮

UIButton *scaleUpButton = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeRoundedRect];

[scaleUpButton setTitle:@"放大" forState:UIControlStateNormal];

scaleUpButton.frame = CGRectMake(40, 420, 100, 40);

[scaleUpButton addTarget:self

action:@selector(scaleUp)

forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];

设置视图背景图片

UIImageView *aView;

[aView setImage:[UIImage p_w_picpathNamed:@”name.png”]];

view1.backgroundColor = [UIColor colorWithPatternImage:

[UIImage p_w_picpathNamed:@"p_w_picpath1.png"]];

UISlider *slider = (UISlider *) sender;

NSString *newText = [[NSString alloc] initWithFormat:@”%d”, (int)(slider.value + 0.5f)];

label.text = newText;

活动表单

- (IBActive) someButtonPressed:(id) sender

{

UIActionSheet *actionSheet = [[UIActionSheet alloc]

initWithTitle:@”Are you sure?”

delegate:self

cancelButtonTitle:@”No way!”

destructiveButtonTitle:@”Yes, I’m Sure!”

otherButtonTitles:nil];

[actionSheet showInView:self.view];

[actionSheet release];

}

警告视图

- (void) actionSheet:(UIActionSheet *)actionSheet didDismissWithButtonIndex:(NSInteger) buttonIndex

{

if(buttonIndex != [actionSheet cancelButtonIndex])

{

NSString *message = [[NSString alloc] initWithFormat:@”You can

breathe easy, everything went OK.”];

UIAlertView *alert = [[UIAlertView alloc]

initWithTitle:@”Something was done”

message:message

delegate:self

cancelButtonTitle:@”OK”

otherButtonTitles:nil];

[alert show];

[alert release];

[message release];

}

动画效果

-(void)doChange:(id)sender

{

if(view2 == nil)

{

[self loadSec];

}

[UIView beginAnimations:nil context:NULL];

[UIView setAnimationDuration:1];

[UIView setAnimationTransition:([view1 superview]?UIViewAnimationTransitionFlipFromLeft:UIViewAnimationTransitionFlipFromRight)forView:self.view cache:YES];

if([view1 superview]!= nil)

{

[view1 removeFromSuperview];

[self.view addSubview:view2];

}else {

[view2 removeFromSuperview];

[self.view addSubview:view1];

}

[UIView commitAnimations];

}

Table View <UITableViewDateSource>

#pragma mark -

#pragma mark Table View Data Source Methods

//指定分区中的行数，默认为1

- (NSInteger)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView

numberOfRowsInSection:(NSInteger)section

{

return [self.listData count];

}

//设置每一行cell显示的内容

- (UITableViewCell *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView

cellForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath

{

static NSString *SimpleTableIndentifier = @"SimpleTableIndentifier";

UITableViewCell *cell = [tableView dequeueReusableCellWithIdentifier:SimpleTableIndentifier];

if (cell == nil) {

cell = [[[UITableViewCell alloc]

initWithStyle:UITableViewCellStyleSubtitle

reuseIdentifier:SimpleTableIndentifier]

autorelease];

}

UIImage *p_w_picpath = [UIImage p_w_picpathNamed:@"13.gif"];

cell.p_w_picpathView.p_w_picpath = p_w_picpath;

NSUInteger row = [indexPath row];

cell.textLabel.text = [listData objectAtIndex:row];

cell.textLabel.font = [UIFont boldSystemFontOfSize:20];

if(row < 5)

cell.detailTextLabel.text = @"Best friends";

else

cell.detailTextLabel.text = @"friends";

return cell;

}

图像、文本标签和详细文本标签

图像：如果设置图像，则它显示在文本的左侧；文本标签：这是单元的主要文本（UITableViewCellStyleDefault 只显示文本标签）；详细文本标签：这是单元的辅助文本，通常用作解释性说明或标签

UITableViewCellStyleSubtitle

UITableViewCellStyleDefault

UITableViewCellStyleValue1

UITableViewCellStyleValue2

#pragma mark -

#pragma mark Table View Delegate Methods

//把每一行缩进级别设置为其行号

- (NSInteger)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView indentationLevelForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath

{

NSUInteger row = [indexPath row];

return row;

}

//获取传递过来的indexPath值

- (NSIndexPath *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView willSelectRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath

{

NSUInteger row = [indexPath row];

if (row == 0)

return nil;

return indexPath;

}

- (void)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView didSelectRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath

{

NSUInteger row = [indexPath row];

NSString *rowValue = [listData objectAtIndex:row];

NSString *message = [[NSString alloc] initWithFormat:@"You selected %@",rowValue];

UIAlertView *alert = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:@"Row Selected"

message:message

delegate:nil

cancelButtonTitle:@"Yes, I did!"

otherButtonTitles:nil];

[alert show];

[alert release];

[message release];

[tableView deselectRowAtIndexPath:indexPath animated:YES];

}

//设置行的高度

- (CGFloat)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView heightForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath

{

return 40;

}

NavigationController 推出push 推出pop

[self.navigationController pushViewController:_detailController animated:YES];

[self.navigationController popViewControllerAnimated:YES];

Debug:

NSLog(@"%s %d", __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);

纯代码时，点击textField外的地方回收键盘：

先定义一个UIControl类型的对象，在上面可以添加触发事件，令SEL实践为回收键盘的方法,最后将UIControl的实例加到当前View上。

UIControl *m_control = [[UIControl alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 320, 480)];

[m_control addTarget:self action:@selector(keyboardReturn)

forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];

[self.view addSubview:m_control];

- (void) keyboardReturn

{

[aTextField resignFirstResponder];

}

调整输入界面

当键盘调出时将输入框覆盖时，可以用下方法：

- (BOOL)textFieldShouldBeginEditing:(UITextField *)textField

{

[self.view setFrame:CGRectMake(0, -100, 320, 480) ];

return YES;

}

当准备输入时，将视图的位置上调100，这样键盘就不能覆盖到输入框。

当依赖注入方法不好使时，可以在AppDelegate内申明一个全局的控制器实例_anotherViewController，在另一个需要使用_anotherViewController的地方定义以下委托方法，使用共享的UIApplication实例来获取该委托的引用

SomeAppDelegate *appDelegate = (SomeAppDelegate *)[[UIApplication sharedApplication] delegate];

_anotherViewController = appDelegate._anotherViewController;

UIViewController内建Table View

纯代码在UIViewController控制器内建Table View

@interface RootViewController : UIViewController <UITableViewDelegate, UITableViewDataSource> {

NSArray *timeZoneNames;

}

@property (nonatomic,retain) NSArray *timeZoneNames;

@end

(void) loadView

{

UITableView *tableView = [[UITableView alloc] initWithFrame:[[UIScreen mainScreen] applicationFrame]] style: UITableViewStylePlain];

tableView.autoresizingMask = (UIViewAutoresizingFlexibleHeight | UIViewAutoresizingWidth);

tableView.delegate = self;

tableView.dataSource = self;

[tableView reloadData];

self.view = tableView;

[tableView release];

}

将plist文件中的数据赋给数组

NSString *thePath = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"States" ofType:@"plist"];

NSArray *array = [NSArray arrayWithContentsOfFile:thePath];

UITouch

手指的触摸范围：64X64

#pragma mark -

#pragma mark Touch Events

- (void)touchesBegan:(NSSet *) touches withEvent:(UIEvent *) event {

originFrame = bookCover.frame;

NSLog(@"%s %d", __FUNCTION__,__LINE__);

if ([touches count] == 2)

{

NSArray *twoTouches = [touches allObjects];

UITouch *firstTouch = [twoTouches objectAtIndex:0];

UITouch *secondTouch = [twoTouches objectAtIndex:1];

CGPoint firstPoint = [firstTouch locationInView:bookCover];

CGPoint secondPoint = [secondTouch locationInView:bookCover];

CGFloat deltaX = secondPoint.x - firstPoint.x;

CGFloat deltaY = secondPoint.y - firstPoint.y;

initialDistance = sqrt(deltaX * deltaX + deltaY * deltaY );

frameX = bookCover.frame.origin.x;

frameY = bookCover.frame.origin.y;

frameW = bookCover.frame.size.width;

frameH = bookCover.frame.size.height;

NSLog(@"%s %d", __FUNCTION__,__LINE__);

}

- (void)touchesMoved:(NSSet *) touches withEvent:(UIEvent *) event {

if([touches count] == 2)

{

NSLog(@"%s %d", __FUNCTION__,__LINE__);

NSArray *twoTouches = [touches allObjects];

UITouch *firstTouch = [twoTouches objectAtIndex:0];

UITouch *secondTouch = [twoTouches objectAtIndex:1];

CGPoint firstPoint = [firstTouch locationInView:bookCover];

CGPoint secondPoint = [secondTouch locationInView:bookCover];

CGFloat deltaX = secondPoint.x - firstPoint.x;

CGFloat deltaY = secondPoint.y - firstPoint.y;

CGFloat currentDistance = sqrt(deltaX * deltaX + deltaY * deltaY );

if (initialDistance == 0) {

initialDistance = currentDistance;

}

else if (currentDistance != initialDistance)

{

CGFloat changedDistance = currentDistance - initialDistance;

NSLog(@"changedDistance = %f",changedDistance);

[bookCover setFrame:CGRectMake(frameX - changedDistance / 2,

frameY - (changedDistance * frameH) / (2 * frameW),

frameW + changedDistance,

frameH + (changedDistance * frameH) / frameW)];

}

- (void)touchesEnded:(NSSet *) touches withEvent:(UIEvent *) event {

UITouch *touch = [touches anyObject];

//双击图片变大／还原

if ([touch tapCount] == 2)

{

NSLog(@"%s %d", __FUNCTION__,__LINE__);

if (!flag) {

[bookCover setFrame:CGRectMake(bookCover.frame.origin.x - bookCover.frame.size.width / 2,

bookCover.frame.origin.y - bookCover.frame.size.height / 2,

2 * bookCover.frame.size.width,

2 * bookCover.frame.size.height)];

flag = YES;

}

else {

[bookCover setFrame:CGRectMake(bookCover.frame.origin.x + bookCover.frame.size.width / 4, bookCover.frame.origin.y + bookCover.frame.size.height / 4,

bookCover.frame.size.width / 2, bookCover.frame.size.height / 2)];

flag = NO;

}

Get the Location of Touches

(CGPoint)locationInView:(UIView *)view

(CGPoint)previousLocationInView:(UIView *)view

view window

Getting Touch Attributes

tapCount(read only) timestamp(read only) phase(read only)

Getting a Touch Object's Gesture Recognizers

gestureRecognizers

Touch Phase

UITouchPhaseBegan

UITouchPhaseMoved

UITouchPhaseStationary

UITouchPhaseEnded

UITouchPhaseCancelled

从Plist里读内容

NSString *plistPath = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"book" ofType:@"plist"];

NSDictionary *dictionary = [[NSDictionary alloc] initWithContentsOfFile:plistPath];

NSString *book = [dictionary objectForKey:bookTitle];

[textView setText:book];

(void) initialize {

NSUserDefaults = [NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults];

NSDictionary *appDefaults = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObject:@"YES" forKey:@"DeleteBackup"];

[defaults registerDefaults:appDefaults];

}

To get a value of a default, use the valueForKey: method:

[[theDefaultsController values] valueForKey:@"userName"];

To set a value for a default, use setValue:forKey:

[[theDefaultsController values] setValue:newUserName forKey:@"userName"];

[[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] setValue:aVale forKey:aKey];

[[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] valueForKey:aKey];

获取Documents目录

NSArray *paths = NSSearchPathForDictionariesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory,

NSUserDomainMask, YES);

NSString *documentsDirectory = [paths objectAtIndex:0];

NSString *filename = [documentsDirectory

stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"theFile.txt"];

获取tmp目录

NSString *tempPath = NSTemporaryDirectory();

NSString *tempFile = [tempPath stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"tempFile.txt"];

[[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] setObject:data forKey:@"someKey"];

[[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] objectForKey:aKey];

自定义NavigationBar

navigationBar = [[UINavigationBar alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 320, 44)];

[navigationBar setBarStyle:UIBarStyleBlackOpaque];

myNavigationItem = [[UINavigationItem alloc] initWithTitle:@"Setting"];

[navigationBar setItems:[NSArray arrayWithObject:myNavigationItem]];

[self.view addSubview:navigationBar];

backButton = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithTitle:@"Back" style:UIBarButtonItemStylePlain target:self action:@selector(back)];

myNavigationItem.leftBarButtonItem = backButton;

利用Safari打开一个链接

NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://www.cnblogs.com/tracy-e/"];

[[UIApplication sharedApplication] openURL:url];

利用UIWebView显示pdf文件、网页。。。

webView = [[UIWebView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 320, 480)];

[webView setDelegate:self];

[webView setScalesPageToFit:YES];

[webView setAutoresizingMask:UIViewAutoresizingFlexibleWidth | UIViewAutoresizingFlexibleHeight];

[webView setAllowsInlineMediaPlayback:YES];

[self.view addSubview:webView];

NSString *pdfPath = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"ojc" ofType:@"pdf"];

NSURL *url = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:pdfPath];

NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url

cachePolicy:NSURLRequestUseProtocolCachePolicy

timeoutInterval:5];

[webView loadRequest:request];

[myWebView loadRequest:[NSURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL

URLWithString: @"http://www.cnblogs.com/tracy-e/"]]];

NSString *errorString = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"<html><center><font size=

+5 color ='red'>An Error Occurred:<br>%@</fone></center></html>",error];

[myWebView loadHTMLString:errorString baseURL:nil];

//Stopping a load request when the view is to disappear

- (void)viewWillDisappear:(BOOL)animate{

if ([myWebView loading]){

[myWebView stopLoading];

}

myWebView.delegate = nil;

[UIApplication shareApplication].networkActivityIndicatorVisible = NO;

}

汉字转码

NSString *oriString = @"\u67aa\u738b";

NSString *escapedString = [oriString

stringByReplacingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding: NSUTF8StringEncoding];

Checking for background support on earlier versions of iOS

UIDevice *device = [UIDevice currentDevice];

BOOL backgroundSupported = NO;

if ([device respondsToSelector:@selector(isMultitaskingSupported)]){

backgroundSupported = device.multitaskingSupported;

}

Being a Responsible,Multitasking-Aware Application

# Do not make any OpenGL ES calls from your code.

# Cancel any Bonjour-related services before being suspended.

# Be prepared to handle connection failures in your network-based sockets.

# Save your application state before moving to the background.

# Release any unneeded memory when moving to the background.

# Stop using shared system resources before being suspended.

# Avoid updating your windows and views.

# Respond to connect and disconnect notification for external accessories.

# Clean up resource for active alerts when moving to the background.

# Remove sensitive information from views before moving to the background.

# Do minimal work while running in the background.

Handing the Keyboard notifications

//Call this method somewhere in your view controller setup code

- (void) registerForKeyboardNotifications{

[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self

selector:@selector(keyboardWasShown:)

name:UIKeyboardDidShowNotification

object:nil];

[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self

selector:@selector(keyboardWasHidden:)

name:UIKeyboardDidHideNotification

object:nil];

}

//Called when the UIKeyboardDidShowNotification is sent

- (void)keyboardWasShown:(NSNotification *) aNotification{

if(keyboardShown)

return;

NSDictionary *info = [aNotification userInfo];

//get the size of the keyboard.

NSValue *aValue = [info objectForKey:UIKeyboardFrameBeginUserInfoKey];

CGSize keyboardSize = [aValue CGRectValue].size;

//Resize the scroll view

CGRect viewFrame = [scrollView frame];

viewFrame.size.height -= keyboardSize.height;

//Scroll the active text field into view

CGRect textFieldRect = [activeField frame];

[scrollView scrollRectToVisible:textFieldRect animated:YES];

keyboardShown = YES;

}

//Called when the UIKeyboardDidHideNotification is sent

- (void)keyboardWasHidden:(NSNotification *) aNotification{

NSDictionary *info = [aNotification userInfo];

//Get the size of the keyboard.

NSValue *aValue = [info objectForKey:UIKeyboardFrameEndUserInfoKey];

CGSize keyboardSize = [aValue CGRectValue].size;

//Reset the height of the scroll view to its original value

CGRect viewFrame = [scrollView Frame];

viewFrame.size.height += keyboardSize.height;

scrollView.frame = viewFrame;

keyboardShown = NO;

}

点击键盘的next按钮，在不同的textField之间换行

//首先给不同的textField赋不同的且相邻的tag值

- (BOOL)textFieldShouldReturn:(UITextField *)textField

{

if ([textField returnKeyType] != UIReturnKeyDone)

{

NSInteger nextTag = [textField tag] + 1;

UIView *nextTextField = [[self tableView] viewWithTag:nextTag];

[nextTextField becomeFirstResponder];

}

else {

[textField resignFirstResponder];

}

return YES;

}

Configuring a date formatter

- (void)viewDidLoad {

[super viewDidLoad];

dateFormatter = [[NSDateFormatter alloc] init];

[dateFormatter setGeneratesCalendarDates:YES];

[dateFormatter setLocale:[NSLocale currentLocale]];

[dateFormatter setCalendar:[NSCalendar autoupdatingCurrentCalendar]];

[dateFormatter setTimeZone:[NSTimeZone defaultTimeZone]];

[dateFormatter setDateStyle:NSDateFormatterShortStyle];

DOB.placeholder = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"Example: %@",[dateFormatter stringFromDate:[NSDate date]]];

}

- (void)textFieldDidEndEditing:(UITextField *)textField{

[textField resignFirstResponder];

if ([textField.text isEqualToString:@""])

return;

switch (textField.tag){

case DOBField:

NSDate *theDate = [dateFormatter dateFromString:textField.text];

if (theDate)

[inputDate setObject:theDate forKey:MyAppPersonDOBKey];

break;

default:

break;

}

tableView的cell高度

tableView的cell高度除了在delegate中指定外，还可以在任意位置以[tableView setRowHeight:44]的方式指定

[[self navigationItem] setLeftBarButtonItem:[self editButtonItem]];

- (void)setEditing:(BOOL)editing animated:(BOOL)animated{

[super setEditing:editing animated:animated];

if (editing){

......

}

else{

......

}

One added a subview to a view, release the subview to avoid the extra retain count of it, Because when you insert a view as a subview using addSubview:, the subview is retained by its superview. When you remove the subview from its superview using the removeFromSuperview: method, subview is autoreleased.

为UINavigationBar设置背景图片

在iPhone开发中, 有时候我们想给导航条添加背景图片, 实现多样化的导航条效果, 用其他方法往往无法达到理想的效果, 经过网上搜索及多次实验, 确定如下最佳实现方案:

为UINavigatonBar增加如下Category:

@implementation UINavigationBar (CustomImage)

- (void)drawRect:(CGRect)rect {

UIImage *p_w_picpath = [UIImage p_w_picpathNamed: @"NavigationBar.png"];

[p_w_picpath drawInRect:CGRectMake(0, 0, self.frame.size.width, self.frame.size.height)];

}

@end

例如, 在我的项目中, 添加如下代码:

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

/* input: The p_w_picpath and a tag to later identify the view */