一、环境
主机：
master操作系统：centos 5.4
IP：192.168.1.100
MySQL版本：5.0.77
从机：
slave操作系统：centos 5.4
IP：192.168.1.101
MySQL版本：5.0.77
要求：同步数据库里的test库，不同步mysql库。
二、安装mysql
yum -y install mysql-server
1、修改master机器中mysql配置文件my.cnf，该文件在/etc目录下
在[mysqld]配置段添加如下字段
server-id=1
log-bin=log
binlog-do-db=test//需要同步的数据库，如果没有本行，即表示同步所有的数据库
binlog-ignore-db=mysql //被忽略的数据库
在master机上为slave机添加一同步帐号
注：从库连接账号为：slave，密码为：123456
重启master机的mysql服务：service mysqld restart
用show master status 命令看日志情况
mysql>show master status;
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | +-----------------+------------+-------------------+-----------------------+
+-----------------+------------+-------------------+-----------------------+
| log.000003 | 98 | repl | mysql |
+-----------------+------------+-------------------+-----------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
2、修改slave机中mysql配置文件
同样在[mysqld]字段下添加如下内容
server-id=2
master-host=192.168.1.100
master-user=slave
master-password=123456
master-port=3306
master-connect-retry=60//表示主库失去连接后，从新连接的时间
replicate-do-db=test//同步的数据库，不写本行 表示 同步所有数据库
然后重启slave机的mysql
在slave机中进入mysql
mysql>start slave;
mysql>show slave status\G;
如果Slave_IO_Running、Slave_SQL_Running状态为Yes则表明设置成功。
四、出现的问题
当我在执行start slave这条命令时，系统提示
ERROR 1200 (HY000): The server is not configured as slave; fix in config file or with CHANGE MASTER TO，
执行show slave status;又提示Empty set (0.00 sec)，想不通问题在哪里
后来发现，原来slave已经默认开启，要先关闭再开启
执行 slave stop;
再执行
change master to master_host='192.168.1.222',master_user='repl',master_password='123456', master_log_file='log.000003' ,master_log_pos=98;
然后执行 slave start;
这时 再执行show slave status\G；
显示如下：
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.1.222
Master_User: repl
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: log.000003
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 98
Relay_Log_File: mysqld-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 229
Relay_Master_Log_File: log.000003
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 98
Relay_Log_Space: 229
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
显示红色那两行，说明配置成功。
五、测试主从服务器是否能同步
在主服务器上面新建一个表，必须在repl数据下
mysql> use repl
Database changed
mysql> create table test(id int,name char(10));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into test values(1,'zaq');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into test values(1,'xsw');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from test;
+------+------+
| id | name |
+-------+------+
| 1 | zaq |
| 1 | xsw |
+-------+------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
在从服务器查看是否同步过来
mysql> use repl;
Database changed
mysql> select * from test;
+------+------+
| id | name |
+------+------+
| 1 | zaq |
| 1 | xsw |
+------+------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
说明已经配置成功。
测试也用可以navicat来测试：
首先要先在mysql下给用户（主从库）创建远程连接的权限
mysql>grant all on *.* to slave@'%' identified by '123456';
然后再主库上的test库里创建表格，然后在从库里查看是否有同步过去。
FAQ：
Slave_IO_Running: No
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
解决步骤：
1）首先查看Iptables是否关闭，重启服务器后一定要关闭防火墙。
2）重启master库：service mysqld restart
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 | 98 | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
mysql> slave stop;
mysql> change master to Master_Log_File='mysql-bin.000001',Master_Log_Pos=98;
mysql> slave start;
mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.3.21
Master_User: slave
Master_Port: 3307
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 98
Relay_Log_File: mysqld-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 235
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 98
Relay_Log_Space: 235
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
