本篇文章,我们要来做一个Spring的文件上传功能:

1. 创建一个Maven的web工程,然后配置pom.xml文件,增加依赖:

<dependency>         


                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>         


                    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>         


                    <version>          1.0          .          2          .RELEASE</version>         


          </dependency>



2.在webapp目录下的index.jsp文件中输入一个表单:

<html>         


          <body>         


          <form method=          "POST"           enctype=          "multipart/form-data"         


                    action=          "/upload"          >         


                    File to upload: <input type=          "file"           name=          "file"          ><br /> Name: <input         


                    type=          "text"           name=          "name"          ><br /> <br /> <input type=          "submit"         


                    value=          "Upload"          > Press here to upload the file!         


          </form>         


          </body>         


          </html>



这个表单就是我们模拟的上传页面。

3. 编写处理这个表单的Controller:

import           java.io.BufferedOutputStream;         


          import           java.io.File;         


          import           java.io.FileOutputStream;         


                    


          import           org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;         


          import           org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;         


          import           org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;         


          import           org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;         


          import           org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;         


          import           org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;         


                    


          @Controller         


          public           class           FileUploadController {         


                    


                    @RequestMapping          (value=          "/upload"          , method=RequestMethod.GET)         


                    public           @ResponseBody           String provideUploadInfo() {         


                    return           "You can upload a file by posting to this same URL."          ;         


                    }         


                    


                    @RequestMapping          (value=          "/upload"          , method=RequestMethod.POST)         


                    public           @ResponseBody           String handleFileUpload(          @RequestParam          (          "name"          ) String name,         


                    @RequestParam          (          "file"          ) MultipartFile file){         


                    if           (!file.isEmpty()) {         


                    try           {         


                    byte          [] bytes = file.getBytes();         


                    BufferedOutputStream stream =         


                    new           BufferedOutputStream(          new           FileOutputStream(          new           File(name +           "-uploaded"          )));         


                    stream.write(bytes);         


                    stream.close();         


                    return           "You successfully uploaded "           + name +           " into "           + name +           "-uploaded !"          ;         


                    }           catch           (Exception e) {         


                    return           "You failed to upload "           + name +           " => "           + e.getMessage();         


                    }         


                    }           else           {         


                    return           "You failed to upload "           + name +           " because the file was empty."          ;         


                    }         


                    }         


                    


          }



4. 然后我们对上传的文件做一些限制,同时编写main方法来启动这个web :


import           org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;         


          import           org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration;         


          import           org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.MultiPartConfigFactory;         


          import           org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;         


          import           org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;         


          import           org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;         


                    


          import           javax.servlet.MultipartConfigElement;         


                    


          @Configuration         


          @ComponentScan         


          @EnableAutoConfiguration         


          public           class           Application {         


                    


                    @Bean         


                    public           MultipartConfigElement multipartConfigElement() {         


                    MultiPartConfigFactory factory =           new           MultiPartConfigFactory();         


                    factory.setMaxFileSize(          "128KB"          );         


                    factory.setMaxRequestSize(          "128KB"          );         


                    return           factory.createMultipartConfig();         


                    }         


                    


                    public           static           void           main(String[] args) {         


                    SpringApplication.run(Application.          class          , args);         


                    }         


          }



  5. 然后访问http://localhost:8080/upload就可以看到页面了。

 

上面的例子是实现的是单个文件上传的功能,假定我们现在要实现文件批量上传的功能的话,我们只需要简单的修改一下上面的代码就行,考虑到篇幅的问题,下面只是贴出和上面不同的代码,没有贴出的说明和上面一样。:

1.  新增batchUpload.jsp文件

<html>         


          <body>         


          <form method=          "POST"           enctype=          "multipart/form-data"         


                    action=          "/batch/upload"          >         


                    File to upload: <input type=          "file"           name=          "file"          ><br />         


                    File to upload: <input type=          "file"           name=          "file"          ><br />         


                    <input type=          "submit"           value=          "Upload"          > Press here to upload the file!         


          </form>         


          </body>         


          </html>



2. 新增BatchFileUploadController.java文件:


import           org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;         


          import           org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;         


          import           org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;         


          import           org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;         


          import           org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;         


          import           org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartHttpServletRequest;         


                    


          import           javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;         


          import           java.io.BufferedOutputStream;         


          import           java.io.File;         


          import           java.io.FileOutputStream;         


          import           java.util.List;         


                    


          /**         


                    * Created by  on 2014/4/26.         


                    */         


                    


          @Controller         


          public           class           BatchFileUploadController {         


                    


                    @RequestMapping          (value=          "/batch/upload"          , method= RequestMethod.POST)         


                    public           @ResponseBody         


                    String handleFileUpload(HttpServletRequest request){         


                    List<MultipartFile> files = ((MultipartHttpServletRequest)request).getFiles(          "file"          );         


                    for           (          int           i =          0          ; i< files.size(); ++i) {         


                    MultipartFile file = files.get(i);         


                    String name = file.getName();         


                    if           (!file.isEmpty()) {         


                    try           {         


                    byte          [] bytes = file.getBytes();         


                    BufferedOutputStream stream =         


                    new           BufferedOutputStream(          new           FileOutputStream(          new           File(name + i)));         


                    stream.write(bytes);         


                    stream.close();         


                    }           catch           (Exception e) {         


                    return           "You failed to upload "           + name +           " => "           + e.getMessage();         


                    }         


                    }           else           {         


                    return           "You failed to upload "           + name +           " because the file was empty."          ;         


                    }         


                    }         


                    return           "upload successful"          ;         


                    }         


          }



  这样一个简单的批量上传文件的功能就ok了,是不是很简单啊。

 

注意:上面的代码只是为了演示而已,所以编码风格上采取了随性的方式,不建议大家模仿。

 

参考资料:

MultipartResolver也可以实现文件上传功能。参考文章:http://mylfd.iteye.com/blog/1893648


 

也可以参考如下代码

处理文件的表单和普通表单的唯一区别在于设置enctype——multipart编码方式则需要设置enctypemultipart/form-data



<form method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
    <input type="text" name="title" value="tianmaying">
    <input type="file" name="avatar">
    <input type="submit">
</form>



这里我们还设置了<input type='text'>的默认值为tianmaying

该表单将会显示为一个文本框、一个文件按钮、一个提交按钮。然后我们选择一个文件:chrome.png,点击表单提交后产生的请求可能是这样的:

请求头:

POST http://www.example.com HTTP/1.1
Content-Type:multipart/form-data; boundary=----WebKitFormBoundaryrGKCBY7qhFd3TrwA

控制器逻辑

对于表单中的文本信息输入,我们可以通过@RequestParam注解获取。对于上传的二进制文件(文本文件同样会转化为byte[]进行传输),就需要借助Spring提供的MultipartFile类来获取了:



@Controller
public class FileUploadController {

    @PostMapping("/upload")
    @ResponseBody
    public String handleFileUpload(@RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file) {
        byte[] bytes = file.getBytes();

        return "file uploaded successfully."
    }
}



通过MultipartFilegetBytes()方法即可以得到上传的文件内容(<form>中定义了一个type="file"的,在这里我们可以将它保存到本地磁盘。另外,在默认的情况下Spring仅仅支持大小为128KB的文件,为了调整它,我们可以修改Spring的配置文件src/main/resources/application.properties



multipart.maxFileSize: 128KB
multipart.maxRequestSize: 128KB



修改上述数值即可完成配置。