使用BICEP实现Azure资源自动创建 - 入门

之前已经介绍了不少BICEP的基础操作，接下来再分享一些算是初步入门的技巧，包括循环的使用，array的用法

array是个实实在在的好东西，可以把多个信息定义在一个array里，这样可以很大程度上减少代码的冗余，提升可阅读性，举个简单例子，像是subnet这种资源，是可以有多个的，可以把这些信息都定义在array里，这样就算有10个subnet，代码也不会显得太过冗余

比如下边这段就定义了一个包含两个subnet的VNET，subnet的信息首先定义在array里，然后通过for循环就可以直接把subnet的信息定义在一个变量里

param addressPrefix string = '10.10.0.0/16'
param subnets array = [
  {
    name: 'frontend'
    ipAddressRange: '10.10.0.0/24'
  }
  {
    name: 'backend'
    ipAddressRange: '10.10.1.0/24'
  }
]

var subnetsProperty = [for subnet in subnets: {
  name: subnet.name
  
  properties: {
    addressPrefix: subnet.ipAddressRange
  }
}]

resource virtualNetwork 'Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks@2020-11-01' = {
  name: 'vnet'
  location: resourceGroup().location
  properties:{
    addressSpace:{
      addressPrefixes:[
        addressPrefix
      ]
    }
    subnets: subnetsProperty
  }
}

for循环的使用在BICEP中非常类似Python或者.NET的用法，可以用在变量，resource，output等多种地方，下边就是个简单的例子

var storageAccountNames = [
  'sa1${take(uniqueString(resourceGroup().id), 10)}'
  'sa2${take(uniqueString(resourceGroup().id), 10)}'
  'sa3${take(uniqueString(resourceGroup().id), 10)}'
]

resource storageaccount 'Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts@2021-02-01' = [for storage in storageAccountNames: {
  name:storage
  location: resourceGroup().location
  kind: 'StorageV2'
  sku: {
    name: 'Standard_LRS'
  }
}]

可以看到在BICEP中使用for循环，基本和高级语言中的体验非常类似了

另外，微软还提供了方法，可以直接将ARM Template转为BICEP文件，只需要运行AZ CLI命令即可

ARM Template

{
    "$schema": "https://schema.management.azure.com/schemas/2019-04-01/deploymentTemplate.json#",
    "contentVersion": "1.0.0.0",
    "parameters": {
      "webAppName": {
        "type": "string",
        "defaultValue": "[concat('webApp-', uniqueString(resourceGroup().id))]",
        "minLength": 2,
        "metadata": {
          "description": "Web app name."
        }
      },
      "location": {
        "type": "string",
        "defaultValue": "[resourceGroup().location]",
        "metadata": {
          "description": "Location for all resources."
        }
      },
      "sku": {
        "type": "string",
        "defaultValue": "F1",
        "metadata": {
          "description": "The SKU of App Service Plan."
        }
      },
      "linuxFxVersion": {
        "type": "string",
        "defaultValue": "DOTNETCORE|3.0",
        "metadata": {
          "description": "The Runtime stack of current web app"
        }
      }
    },
    "variables": {
      "appServicePlanPortalName": "[concat('AppServicePlan-', parameters('webAppName'))]"
    },
    "resources": [
      {
        "type": "Microsoft.Web/serverfarms",
        "apiVersion": "2020-06-01",
        "name": "[variables('appServicePlanPortalName')]",
        "location": "[parameters('location')]",
        "sku": {
          "name": "[parameters('sku')]"
        },
        "kind": "linux",
        "properties": {
          "reserved": true
        }
      },
      {
        "type": "Microsoft.Web/sites",
        "apiVersion": "2020-06-01",
        "name": "[parameters('webAppName')]",
        "location": "[parameters('location')]",
  
        "dependsOn": [
          "[resourceId('Microsoft.Web/serverfarms', variables('appServicePlanPortalName'))]"
        ],
        "properties": {
          "serverFarmId": "[resourceId('Microsoft.Web/serverfarms', variables('appServicePlanPortalName'))]",
          "siteConfig": {
            "linuxFxVersion": "[parameters('linuxFxVersion')]"
          }
        }
      }
    ]
  }

运行命令

az bicep decompile --file .\azuredeploy.json

转换完成