Scrapy添加代理验证

middlewares.py

from w3lib.http import basic_auth_header

class CustomProxyMiddleware(object):
    def process_request(self, request, spider):
        request.meta['proxy'] = "https://<PROXY_IP_OR_URL>:<PROXY_PORT>"
        request.headers['Proxy-Authorization'] = basic_auth_header(
            '<PROXY_USERNAME>', '<PROXY_PASSWORD>')

settings.py

DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {
    '<PROJECT_NAME>.middlewares.CustomProxyMiddleware': 350,
    'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.httpproxy.HttpProxyMiddleware': 400,
}

问题

1、如果代理验证设置不对，状态码会返回407
407 Proxy Authentication Required

刚开始采用以下格式配置，发现部分请求可以发送，不过会有一个重试，部分请求直接报错

request.meta['proxy'] = "https://<PROXY_USERNAME>:<PROXY_PASSWORD>@<PROXY_IP_OR_URL>:<PROXY_PORT>"

正确的设置是在请求头中设置 Proxy-Authorization

参考

1. Using a custom proxy in a Scrapy spider
2. Proxy-Authorization