XML中的扫描过程
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"
default-lazy-init="false">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.morris.spring.demo.service"/>
</beans>
xml中使用自定义标签context实现，最终会调用到ComponentScanBeanDefinitionParser.parse()方法进行解析。
ComponentScanBeanDefinitionParser.parse()
// org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScanBeanDefinitionParser#parse
public BeanDefinition parse(Element element, ParserContext parserContext) {
// 获得base-package指定的包名
String basePackage = element.getAttribute(BASE_PACKAGE_ATTRIBUTE);
basePackage = parserContext.getReaderContext().getEnvironment().resolvePlaceholders(basePackage);
// base-package中可能有多个，用逗号分隔，转换为数组
String[] basePackages = StringUtils.tokenizeToStringArray(basePackage,
ConfigurableApplicationContext.CONFIG_LOCATION_DELIMITERS);
// Actually scan for bean definitions and register them.
// 创建扫描器
ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner scanner = configureScanner(parserContext, element);
// 开始扫描
Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> beanDefinitions = scanner.doScan(basePackages);
// 注册了一些组件
// ConfigurationClassPostProcessor
// AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor
// CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor
// EventListenerMethodProcessor
// DefaultEventListenerFactory
registerComponents(parserContext.getReaderContext(), beanDefinitions, element);
return null;
}
ComponentScanBeanDefinitionParser#configureScanner
创建扫描器ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner
protected ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner configureScanner(ParserContext parserContext, Element element) {
boolean useDefaultFilters = true;
if (element.hasAttribute(USE_DEFAULT_FILTERS_ATTRIBUTE)) {
useDefaultFilters = Boolean.parseBoolean(element.getAttribute(USE_DEFAULT_FILTERS_ATTRIBUTE));
}
// Delegate bean definition registration to scanner class.
// ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner构造方法中添加了默认的includeFilters为@Component
ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner scanner = createScanner(parserContext.getReaderContext(), useDefaultFilters);
scanner.setBeanDefinitionDefaults(parserContext.getDelegate().getBeanDefinitionDefaults());
scanner.setAutowireCandidatePatterns(parserContext.getDelegate().getAutowireCandidatePatterns());
if (element.hasAttribute(RESOURCE_PATTERN_ATTRIBUTE)) {
scanner.setResourcePattern(element.getAttribute(RESOURCE_PATTERN_ATTRIBUTE));
}
try {
parseBeanNameGenerator(element, scanner);
}
catch (Exception ex) {
parserContext.getReaderContext().error(ex.getMessage(), parserContext.extractSource(element), ex.getCause());
}
try {
parseScope(element, scanner);
}
catch (Exception ex) {
parserContext.getReaderContext().error(ex.getMessage(), parserContext.extractSource(element), ex.getCause());
}
parseTypeFilters(element, scanner, parserContext);
return scanner;
}
怎么知道扫描哪些注解呢？
ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner构造方法中会注入默认的Filter。
protected void registerDefaultFilters() {
// 只扫描@Component注解了的类，而@Sevice、@Configuration、@Controller等注解都被@Component修饰
this.includeFilters.add(new AnnotationTypeFilter(Component.class));
ClassLoader cl = ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider.class.getClassLoader();
try {
this.includeFilters.add(new AnnotationTypeFilter(
((Class<? extends Annotation>) ClassUtils.forName("javax.annotation.ManagedBean", cl)), false));
logger.trace("JSR-250 'javax.annotation.ManagedBean' found and supported for component scanning");
}
catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
// JSR-250 1.1 API (as included in Java EE 6) not available - simply skip.
}
try {
this.includeFilters.add(new AnnotationTypeFilter(
((Class<? extends Annotation>) ClassUtils.forName("javax.inject.Named", cl)), false));
logger.trace("JSR-330 'javax.inject.Named' annotation found and supported for component scanning");
}
catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
// JSR-330 API not available - simply skip.
}
}
在源码中只会扫描@Component注解，而@Sevice、@Configuration、@Controller等注解都被@Component修饰，最终都会被扫描到。
ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner#doScan
开始扫描：
// org.springframework.context.annotation.ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner#doScan
protected Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> doScan(String... basePackages) {
Assert.notEmpty(basePackages, "At least one base package must be specified");
Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> beanDefinitions = new LinkedHashSet<>();
for (String basePackage : basePackages) {
// 查找basePackage下所有被@Component注解修饰了的类
Set<BeanDefinition> candidates = findCandidateComponents(basePackage);
for (BeanDefinition candidate : candidates) {
// 上面findCandidateComponents只是为BD设置了几个属性，BD的其他属性并没有初始化，所以需要遍历一次初始化属性并注册到registry
ScopeMetadata scopeMetadata = this.scopeMetadataResolver.resolveScopeMetadata(candidate);
candidate.setScope(scopeMetadata.getScopeName());
String beanName = this.beanNameGenerator.generateBeanName(candidate, this.registry);
if (candidate instanceof AbstractBeanDefinition) {
postProcessBeanDefinition((AbstractBeanDefinition) candidate, beanName);
}
if (candidate instanceof AnnotatedBeanDefinition) {
AnnotationConfigUtils.processCommonDefinitionAnnotations((AnnotatedBeanDefinition) candidate);
}
if (checkCandidate(beanName, candidate)) {
BeanDefinitionHolder definitionHolder = new BeanDefinitionHolder(candidate, beanName);
definitionHolder =
AnnotationConfigUtils.applyScopedProxyMode(scopeMetadata, definitionHolder, this.registry);
beanDefinitions.add(definitionHolder);
// 注册到registry
registerBeanDefinition(definitionHolder, this.registry);
}
}
}
return beanDefinitions;
}
ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider#scanCandidateComponents
查找basePackage下所有被@Component注解修饰了的类：
// org.springframework.context.annotation.ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider#scanCandidateComponents
private Set<BeanDefinition> scanCandidateComponents(String basePackage) {
Set<BeanDefinition> candidates = new LinkedHashSet<>();
try {
// basePackage=com.morris.spring..service
// packageSearchPath=classpath*:com/morris/spring/service/**/*.class
String packageSearchPath = ResourcePatternResolver.CLASSPATH_ALL_URL_PREFIX +
resolveBasePackage(basePackage) + '/' + this.resourcePattern;
// 获取basePackage下所有的class文件
Resource[] resources = getResourcePatternResolver().getResources(packageSearchPath);
boolean traceEnabled = logger.isTraceEnabled();
boolean debugEnabled = logger.isDebugEnabled();
for (Resource resource : resources) {
if (traceEnabled) {
logger.trace("Scanning " + resource);
}
if (resource.isReadable()) {
try {
// 使用ASM将class文件的内容封装为MetadataReader对象
// 注意这里用的不是反射，反射会加载类，占用堆空间
MetadataReader metadataReader = getMetadataReaderFactory().getMetadataReader(resource);
// 判断类是否包含@Component注解
if (isCandidateComponent(metadataReader)) {
// 封装为BD
ScannedGenericBeanDefinition sbd = new ScannedGenericBeanDefinition(metadataReader);
sbd.setSource(resource);
if (isCandidateComponent(sbd)) {
if (debugEnabled) {
logger.debug("Identified candidate component class: " + resource);
}
candidates.add(sbd);
}
... ...
return candidates;
}
registerAnnotationConfigProcessors
注册了多种重要的组件：
public static Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> registerAnnotationConfigProcessors(
BeanDefinitionRegistry registry, @Nullable Object source) {
DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory = unwrapDefaultListableBeanFactory(registry);
if (beanFactory != null) {
if (!(beanFactory.getDependencyComparator() instanceof AnnotationAwareOrderComparator)) {
beanFactory.setDependencyComparator(AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.INSTANCE);
}
if (!(beanFactory.getAutowireCandidateResolver() instanceof ContextAnnotationAutowireCandidateResolver)) {
beanFactory.setAutowireCandidateResolver(new ContextAnnotationAutowireCandidateResolver());
}
}
Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> beanDefs = new LinkedHashSet<>(8);
// BeanFactoryPostProcessor
if (!registry.containsBeanDefinition(CONFIGURATION_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME)) {
RootBeanDefinition def = new RootBeanDefinition(ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.class);
def.setSource(source);
beanDefs.add(registerPostProcessor(registry, def, CONFIGURATION_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME));
}
// BeanPostProcessor
if (!registry.containsBeanDefinition(AUTOWIRED_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME)) {
RootBeanDefinition def = new RootBeanDefinition(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.class);
def.setSource(source);
beanDefs.add(registerPostProcessor(registry, def, AUTOWIRED_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME));
}
// Check for JSR-250 support, and if present add the CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.
if (jsr250Present && !registry.containsBeanDefinition(COMMON_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME)) {
RootBeanDefinition def = new RootBeanDefinition(CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.class);
def.setSource(source);
beanDefs.add(registerPostProcessor(registry, def, COMMON_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME));
}
// Check for JPA support, and if present add the PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.
if (jpaPresent && !registry.containsBeanDefinition(PERSISTENCE_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME)) {
RootBeanDefinition def = new RootBeanDefinition();
try {
def.setBeanClass(ClassUtils.forName(PERSISTENCE_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_CLASS_NAME,
AnnotationConfigUtils.class.getClassLoader()));
}
catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
throw new IllegalStateException(
"Cannot load optional framework class: " + PERSISTENCE_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_CLASS_NAME, ex);
}
def.setSource(source);
beanDefs.add(registerPostProcessor(registry, def, PERSISTENCE_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME));
}
// BeanFactoryPostProcessor
if (!registry.containsBeanDefinition(EVENT_LISTENER_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME)) {
RootBeanDefinition def = new RootBeanDefinition(EventListenerMethodProcessor.class);
def.setSource(source);
beanDefs.add(registerPostProcessor(registry, def, EVENT_LISTENER_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME));
}
if (!registry.containsBeanDefinition(EVENT_LISTENER_FACTORY_BEAN_NAME)) {
RootBeanDefinition def = new RootBeanDefinition(DefaultEventListenerFactory.class);
def.setSource(source);
beanDefs.add(registerPostProcessor(registry, def, EVENT_LISTENER_FACTORY_BEAN_NAME));
}
return beanDefs;
}
扫描的最终结果就是将类上面有@Component注解的类构建为一个BeanDefinition中，Spring容器中有两个集合来存放这些BeanDefinition：
- beanDefinitionNames：List<String>，存放所有的BeanDefinition对应的name
- beanDefinitionMap：Map<String, BeanDefinition>，存放所有的BeanDefinition
注解扫描的使用：
package com.morris.spring.demo.annotation;
import com.morris.spring.demo.service.CityService;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
@ComponentScan("com.morris.spring.service")
public class ComponentScanDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(ComponentScanDemo.class);
CityService cityService = applicationContext.getBean(CityService.class);
cityService.city();
}
}
使用@ComponentScan注解指定包的扫描，扫描过程将由ConfigurationClassPostProcessor#postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry完成。
ConfigurationClassPostProcessor#postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry
public void postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
int registryId = System.identityHashCode(registry);
if (this.registriesPostProcessed.contains(registryId)) {
throw new IllegalStateException(
"postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry already called on this post-processor against " + registry);
}
if (this.factoriesPostProcessed.contains(registryId)) {
throw new IllegalStateException(
"postProcessBeanFactory already called on this post-processor against " + registry);
}
this.registriesPostProcessed.add(registryId);
// 重点
processConfigBeanDefinitions(registry);
}
ConfigurationClassPostProcessor#processConfigBeanDefinitions
public void processConfigBeanDefinitions(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
List<BeanDefinitionHolder> configCandidates = new ArrayList<>();
String[] candidateNames = registry.getBeanDefinitionNames();
// 先收集有@Configuration、@Component、@ComponentScan、@Import、@ImportResource、@Bean的BD
for (String beanName : candidateNames) {
BeanDefinition beanDef = registry.getBeanDefinition(beanName);
if (beanDef.getAttribute(ConfigurationClassUtils.CONFIGURATION_CLASS_ATTRIBUTE) != null) {
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Bean definition has already been processed as a configuration class: " + beanDef);
}
}
else if (ConfigurationClassUtils.checkConfigurationClassCandidate(beanDef, this.metadataReaderFactory)) {
// 进来需要@Component、@ComponentScan、@Import、@ImportResource、@Bean
configCandidates.add(new BeanDefinitionHolder(beanDef, beanName));
}
}
... ...
// Parse each @Configuration class
ConfigurationClassParser parser = new ConfigurationClassParser(
this.metadataReaderFactory, this.problemReporter, this.environment,
this.resourceLoader, this.componentScanBeanNameGenerator, registry);
Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> candidates = new LinkedHashSet<>(configCandidates);
Set<ConfigurationClass> alreadyParsed = new HashSet<>(configCandidates.size());
do {
// 开始解析
parser.parse(candidates);
parser.validate();
ConfigurationClassParser#doProcessConfigurationClass
protected final SourceClass doProcessConfigurationClass(
ConfigurationClass configClass, SourceClass sourceClass, Predicate<String> filter)
throws IOException {
... ...
// Process any @ComponentScan annotations
// 处理@ComponentScan注解，扫描包下带有@Component的注解，与xml中自定义标签context:component-scan的扫描流程一致
Set<AnnotationAttributes> componentScans = AnnotationConfigUtils.attributesForRepeatable(
sourceClass.getMetadata(), ComponentScans.class, ComponentScan.class);
if (!componentScans.isEmpty() &&
!this.conditionEvaluator.shouldSkip(sourceClass.getMetadata(), ConfigurationPhase.REGISTER_BEAN)) {
for (AnnotationAttributes componentScan : componentScans) {
// The config class is annotated with @ComponentScan -> perform the scan immediately
Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> scannedBeanDefinitions =
this.componentScanParser.parse(componentScan, sourceClass.getMetadata().getClassName());
// Check the set of scanned definitions for any further config classes and parse recursively if needed
for (BeanDefinitionHolder holder : scannedBeanDefinitions) {
BeanDefinition bdCand = holder.getBeanDefinition().getOriginatingBeanDefinition();
if (bdCand == null) {
bdCand = holder.getBeanDefinition();
}
// checkConfigurationClassCandidate这个里面会特殊处理@Configutation为full
if (ConfigurationClassUtils.checkConfigurationClassCandidate(bdCand, this.metadataReaderFactory)) {
parse(bdCand.getBeanClassName(), holder.getBeanName());
}
}
}
}
... ...
return null;
}
ComponentScanAnnotationParser#parse
public Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> parse(AnnotationAttributes componentScan, final String declaringClass) {
// 解析@ComponentScan注解，构建ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner
// 构建方法中会添加默认的includeFilters为@Component
ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner scanner = new ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner(this.registry,
componentScan.getBoolean("useDefaultFilters"), this.environment, this.resourceLoader);
Class<? extends BeanNameGenerator> generatorClass = componentScan.getClass("nameGenerator");
boolean useInheritedGenerator = (BeanNameGenerator.class == generatorClass);
scanner.setBeanNameGenerator(useInheritedGenerator ? this.beanNameGenerator :
BeanUtils.instantiateClass(generatorClass));
ScopedProxyMode scopedProxyMode = componentScan.getEnum("scopedProxy");
if (scopedProxyMode != ScopedProxyMode.DEFAULT) {
scanner.setScopedProxyMode(scopedProxyMode);
}
else {
Class<? extends ScopeMetadataResolver> resolverClass = componentScan.getClass("scopeResolver");
scanner.setScopeMetadataResolver(BeanUtils.instantiateClass(resolverClass));
}
scanner.setResourcePattern(componentScan.getString("resourcePattern"));
for (AnnotationAttributes filter : componentScan.getAnnotationArray("includeFilters")) {
for (TypeFilter typeFilter : typeFiltersFor(filter)) {
scanner.addIncludeFilter(typeFilter);
}
}
for (AnnotationAttributes filter : componentScan.getAnnotationArray("excludeFilters")) {
for (TypeFilter typeFilter : typeFiltersFor(filter)) {
scanner.addExcludeFilter(typeFilter);
}
}
boolean lazyInit = componentScan.getBoolean("lazyInit");
if (lazyInit) {
scanner.getBeanDefinitionDefaults().setLazyInit(true);
}
Set<String> basePackages = new LinkedHashSet<>();
String[] basePackagesArray = componentScan.getStringArray("basePackages");
for (String pkg : basePackagesArray) {
String[] tokenized = StringUtils.tokenizeToStringArray(this.environment.resolvePlaceholders(pkg),
ConfigurableApplicationContext.CONFIG_LOCATION_DELIMITERS);
Collections.addAll(basePackages, tokenized);
}
for (Class<?> clazz : componentScan.getClassArray("basePackageClasses")) {
basePackages.add(ClassUtils.getPackageName(clazz));
}
if (basePackages.isEmpty()) {
basePackages.add(ClassUtils.getPackageName(declaringClass));
}
scanner.addExcludeFilter(new AbstractTypeHierarchyTraversingFilter(false, false) {
@Override
protected boolean matchClassName(String className) {
return declaringClass.equals(className);
}
});
// 开始扫描
return scanner.doScan(StringUtils.toStringArray(basePackages));
}
可以发现注解的扫描最后会调用ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner#doScan()，与XML中的扫描是同一个方法。
总结- XML的扫描过程发生在obtainFreshBeanFactory()，也就是创建BeanFactory时，而注解的扫描过程发生在invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors()。
- XML的扫描会在obtainFreshBeanFactory()时注入ConfigurationClassPostProcessor，而注解的扫描是在创建AnnotationConfigApplicationContext实例时注入ConfigurationClassPostProcessor，如果xml扫描到的类带有@ComponentScan注解，那么还会继续在invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors()阶段继续扫描。
