例子：
curl -I 163.com
HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently
Server: nginx (特点：非常快，理论上比apache快很多。比较小巧，编译完后大概有几十k)
Date: Mon, 30 Apr 2012 01:45:53 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 178
Connection: keep-alive
Location: http://www.163.com/
Vary: User-Agent
Vary: Accept
--->lnmp
注意：一台新的虚拟机（还原虚拟机，vmreset/gls-resetvm），关掉selinux和火墙
只有源码是原身的，可以根据自己的要求来定制.
========================================================================================================================
1. Mysql 安装
实验：注意在做实验之前最好先将之前的mysql php卸载掉。因为如果你不卸载的话系统会默认去选用用rpm包安装的。不会优先使用你用源码编译生成的包的。
安装cmake。
[root@desktop71 ~]# yum install cmake -y
或者：
[root@desktop71 ~]# lftp 192.168.0.254
lftp 192.168.0.254:~> cd pub/docs/lamp/update/lnmp/
lftp 192.168.0.254:/pub/docs/lamp/update/lnmp> get cmake-2.8.4.tar.gz
5477628 bytes transferred
lftp 192.168.0.254:/pub/docs/lamp/update/lnmp> quit
[root@desktop71 ~]#
[root@desktop71 ~]# tar zxf cmake-2.8.4.tar.gz
[root@desktop71 ~]# cd cmake-2.8.4
[root@desktop71 cmake-2.8.4]# ./configure
[root@desktop71 cmake-2.8.4]# make && make install(相当于yum install cmake)
[root@desktop71 ~]# yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ make ncurses-devel bison openssl-devel zlib-devel
注意要把mysql，php，httpd等卸载或忽略掉
[root@desktop71 ~]# rpm -qa | grep mysql #查看系统上是否安装了mysql
mysql-libs-5.1.47-4.el6.x86_64#系统上已经安装mysql，所以要卸载掉或忽略掉
[root@desktop71 ~]# rpm -e mysql-libs --nodeps #忽略mysql-libs
[root@desktop71 ~]# rpm -qa | grep mysql
[root@desktop71 ~]# rpm -qa | grep php
[root@desktop71 ~]# rpm -qa | grep apache
[root@desktop71 ~]# rpm -qa | grep httpd
实验步骤:
(1)
[root@desktop71 ~]# lftp 192.168.0.254
lftp 192.168.0.254:~> cd pub/docs/lamp/update/lnmp/
lftp 192.168.0.254:/pub/docs/lamp/update/lnmp> mget mysql-5.5.12.tar.gz httpd-2.2.19.tar.bz2
29003718 bytes transferred in 1 second (24.03M/s)
Total 2 files transferred
lftp 192.168.0.254:/pub/docs/lamp/update/lnmp> quit
[root@desktop71 ~]# ls
......................................
httpd-2.2.19.tar.bz2 mysql-5.5.12.tar.gz
.......................................
[root@desktop71 ~]# tar zxf mysql-5.5.12.tar.gz
[root@desktop71 ~]# cd mysql-5.5.12
-->指定安装路径
[root@desktop71 mysql-5.5.12]# cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/lnmp/mysql \ #安装目录
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/lnmp/mysql/data \ #数据库存放目录
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/lnmp/mysql/data/mysql.sock \ #Unix socket文件路径
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ #安装myisam存储引擎
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \ #允许从本地导入数据
-DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ #安装数据库分区
-DWITH_SSL=yes \ #支持SSL
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \ #使用utf8字符
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \ #校验字符
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \ #安装所有扩展字符集
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 #mysql监听端口
...............................................................................................
-->未添加的选项：
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ #安装 innodb 存储引擎
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ #安装 archive 存储引擎
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ #安装 blackhole 存储引擎
-DWITH_READLINE=1 \快捷键功能
...............................................................................................
-->注意:
在配置环境的时候此处的cmake 相当与之前的./configure.在上面的选项中，第1，2，3，4，\安装目录\数据库存放目录 \Unix socket 文件路径\安装 myisam 存储引擎 \支持 SSL\校验字符 \安装所有扩展字符集最好要写上，要不一会可能会出错的。
-->倘若出错，或者由于某种原因导致重新编译的时候，需要清除旧的对象文件和缓存信息。
[root@desktop71 mysql-5.5.12]# rm -rf CmakeCache.txt
[root@desktop71 mysql-5.5.12]# make clean或者make tidy
[root@desktop71 mysql-5.5.12]# make
[root@desktop71 mysql-5.5.12]# make install
[root@desktop71 ~]# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql #创建一个mysql登录用户，但不能登录系统
##（id mysql (如果此时mysql的组id和本身的id不一样，那么你可以使用groupmod -g XX mysql)）
[root@desktop71 ~]# cd /usr/local/lnmp/mysql/
[root@desktop71 mysql]# cd support-files/
[root@desktop71 support-files]# cp my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf #根据你的主机内存复制mysql配置文件
[root@desktop71 support-files]# cd ..
[root@desktop71 mysql]# pwd
/usr/local/lnmp/mysql
[root@desktop71 mysql]# chown -R mysql.mysql .
[root@desktop71 mysql]# cd scripts/
[root@desktop71 scripts]# ./mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/lnmp/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/lnmp/mysql/data/ #显示OK是对的
[root@desktop71 scripts]# cd ..
[root@desktop71 mysql]# pwd
/usr/local/lnmp/mysql
[root@desktop71 mysql]# chown -R root .
[root@desktop71 mysql]# chown -R mysql data
[root@desktop71 mysql]# cd support-files/
[root@desktop71 support-files]# cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@desktop71 support-files]# ll /etc/init.d/mysqld
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 10680 Apr 30 11:26 /etc/init.d/mysqld #要有可执行权限
[root@desktop71 support-files]# cd ..
[root@desktop71 mysql]# pwd
/usr/local/lnmp/mysql
[root@desktop71 mysql]# echo $PATH
/usr/lib64/qt-3.3/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin
[root@desktop71 mysql]# cd bin/
[root@desktop71 bin]# vi ~/.bash_profile
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/local/lnmp/mysql/bin
#或者 echo "export PATH=\$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin" >> ~/.bash_profile
[root@desktop71 bin]# source ~/.bash_profile
[root@desktop71 bin]# echo $PATH
/usr/lib64/qt-3.3/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin:/root/bin:/usr/local/lnmp/mysql/bin
[root@desktop71 bin]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
Starting MySQL...... [ OK ]
[root@desktop71 bin]# mysql
..........................
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.11 sec)
mysql> quit
Bye
[root@desktop71 bin]# mysql_secure_installation #按提示完成mysql安全设置,生产环境推荐使用
Enter current password for root (enter for none):（回车）
Set root password? [Y/n] y
New password: （westos）
Re-enter new password: （westos）
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] y
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y
[root@desktop71 bin]# mysql -pwestos
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> quit
Bye
[root@desktop71 bin]#
========================================================================================================================
2.PHP安装
php的安装也是相当重要的，整个lamp就是为它来操作的
lamp=linux apache mysql php
[root@desktop71 ~]# cd /usr/local/lnmp/mysql/lib
[root@desktop71 lib]# ln -s /usr/local/lnmp/mysql/lib/ /usr/local/lib64
#不然php编译的时候找不到mysql的库文件
[root@desktop71 ~]# lftp 192.168.0.254
lftp 192.168.0.254:~> cd pub/docs/lamp/update/lnmp/
lftp 192.168.0.254:/pub/docs/lamp/update/lnmp> get php-5.3.6.tar.bz2
10952171 bytes transferred
lftp 192.168.0.254:/pub/docs/lamp/update/lnmp> get libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.bz2 mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.bz2
6719316 bytes transferred
Total 4 files transferred
lftp 192.168.0.254:/pub/docs/lamp/update/lnmp> quit
[root@desktop71 ~]# ls
................................................................
mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.bz2 libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz php-5.3.6.tar.bz2
libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.bz2 mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz
................................................................
[root@desktop71 ~]# tar zxf libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz#加强系统对支持字符编码转换的功能
[root@desktop71 ~]# cd libiconv-1.13.1
[root@desktop71 libiconv-1.13.1]# ./configure --libdir=/usr/local/lib64/
[root@desktop71 libiconv-1.13.1]# make
[root@desktop71 libiconv-1.13.1]# make install
[root@desktop71 ~]# tar jxf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.bz2 # mcrypt mhash是php加密算法扩展库
[root@desktop71 ~]# cd libmcrypt-2.5.8/
[root@desktop71 libmcrypt-2.5.8]# ./configure --libdir=/usr/local/lib64/
[root@desktop71 libmcrypt-2.5.8]# make
[root@desktop71 libmcrypt-2.5.8]# make install
[root@desktop71 libmcrypt-2.5.8]# cd libltdl
[root@desktop71 libltdl]# ./configure --libdir=/usr/local/lib64/ --enable-ltdl-install
[root@desktop71 libltdl]# make
[root@desktop71 libltdl]# make install
#(注意mhash要在mcrypt前面的噢！否则会报错的！)
[root@desktop71 ~]# tar jxf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.bz2
[root@desktop71 ~]# cd mhash-0.9.9.9/
[root@desktop71 mhash-0.9.9.9]# ./configure --libdir=/usr/local/lib64/ #./configure时可能会报这个错:/bin/rm: cannot remove `libtoolT’: No such file or directory 直接忽略
[root@desktop71 mhash-0.9.9.9]# make
[root@desktop71 mhash-0.9.9.9]# make install
[root@desktop71 mhash-0.9.9.9]# ldconfig /usr/local/lib64/
[root@desktop71 ~]# tar zxf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz
[root@desktop71 ~]# cd mcrypt-2.6.8/
[root@desktop71 mcrypt-2.6.8]# ./configure --libdir=/usr/local/lib64/
[root@desktop71 mcrypt-2.6.8]# make
[root@desktop71 mcrypt-2.6.8]# make install
[root@desktop71 mcrypt-2.6.8]# ldconfig /usr/local/lib64/
[root@desktop71 ~]# yum install -y net-snmp-devel curl-devel libxml2-devel libpng-devel libjpeg-devel freetype-devel gmp-devel openldap-devel
[root@desktop71 ~]# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx #（—M不创建家目录，-s没有shell）
[root@desktop71 ~]# tar jxf php-5.3.6.tar.bz2
[root@desktop71 ~]# cd php-5.3.6
[root@desktop71 php-5.3.6]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/lnmp/php \ #指定php的安装路径
--with-config-file-path=/usr/local/lnmp/php/etc \ #指定php的主配置文件在什么地方
--with-mysql=/usr/local/lnmp/mysql/ \ #加入mysql的支持。DIR是mysql的基本目录。
--with-openssl \ #加密
--with-snmp \
--with-gd \ #图片
--with-curl \
--with-libxml-dir \
--with-png-dir \
--with-jpeg-dir \
--with-freetype-dir \
--without-pear \ #不要自带版本
--with-gettext \
--with-gmp \
--enable-inline-optimization \
--enable-soap \
--enable-ftp \
--enable-sockets \
--enable-mbstring \
--with-mysqli=/usr/local/lnmp/mysql/bin/mysql_config \ #包括mysqli的支持。FILE是mysql_config的路径
--enable-fpm \
--with-fpm-user=nginx \
--with-fpm-group=nginx \
--with-libdir=lib64 \
--with-ldap \
--with-ldap-sasl \
--with-mcrypt \
--with-mhash
[root@desktop71 php-5.3.6]# make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv' #(一定要加这个选项否则会出现：/root/php-5.3.6/ext/iconv/iconv.c:2624: undefined reference to `libiconv' /r类似的错误
[root@desktop71 php-5.3.6]# make install
[root@desktop71 php-5.3.6]# cp php.ini-production /usr/local/lnmp/php/etc/
[root@desktop71 php-5.3.6]# cd /usr/local/lnmp/php/etc/
[root@desktop71 etc]# ls
php-fpm.conf.default php.ini-production
[root@desktop71 etc]# mv php.ini-production php.ini
[root@desktop71 etc]# ls
php-fpm.conf.default php.ini
[root@desktop71 etc]# cd
[root@desktop71 ~]# cd php-5.3.6
[root@desktop71 php-5.3.6]# cd sapi/
[root@desktop71 sapi]# cd fpm/
[root@desktop71 fpm]# cp init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
[root@desktop71 fpm]# ll /etc/init.d/php-fpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2068 Apr 30 16:51 /etc/init.d/php-fpm
[root@desktop71 fpm]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/php-fpm
[root@desktop71 fpm]# ll /etc/init.d/php-fpm
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2068 Apr 30 16:51 /etc/init.d/php-fpm
[root@desktop71 fpm]# cd /usr/local/lnmp/php/etc/
[root@desktop71 etc]# ls
php-fpm.conf.default php.ini
[root@desktop71 etc]# vi php.ini
cgi.fix_pathinfo=0 #防止Nginx文件类型错误解析漏洞
...................................................................................................
#如果不为0 而为1的话，那么在你用ll /use/local/nginx/html
#curl -I http://localhost/test.php（在你安装好nginx之后你关闭httpd默认访问的是/usr/local/nginx/html/index.html）
#curl -I http://localhost/test.txt/test.php
#curl -I http：//localhost/test1.jpg
#curl -I http：//localhost/test1.jpg/test1.php
#看Content Type。。。。。
#改为0正常的时候，可以防止漏洞，此时你在web网页的时候登录：http：//desktop20.example.com/test.txt/test.php 会出现 No input file specified
...................................................................................................
[root@desktop71 etc]# ls
php-fpm.conf.default php.ini
[root@desktop71 etc]# cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf
[root@desktop71 etc]# vi php-fpm.conf #去掉以下几行的注释
pid = run/php-fpm.pid
pm.max_children = 50
pm.start_servers = 20 #在生产环境中一定要做压力测试,找到最合适的进程数组合
pm.min_spare_servers = 5
pm.max_spare_servers = 35
p;m.max_requests = 500
[root@desktop71 etc]# /etc/init.d/php-fpm start
Starting php-fpm done
[root@desktop71 etc]# vi ~/.bash_profile
[root@desktop71 etc]# source ~/.bash_profile
[root@desktop71 etc]# cat $PATH
cat: /usr/lib64/qt-3.3/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin:/root/bin:/usr/local/lnmp/mysql/bin:/root/bin:/usr/local/lnmp/mysql/bin:/usr/local/lnmp/php/bin:
========================================================================================================================
3.nginx安装
[root@desktop71 ~]# yum install pcre-devel -y
[root@desktop71 ~]# lftp 192.168.0.254
lftp 192.168.0.254:~> get pub/docs/lamp/update/lnmp/nginx-1.0.8.tar.gz
683559 bytes transferred
lftp 192.168.0.254:/> quit
[root@desktop71 ~]# tar zxf nginx-1.0.8.tar.gz
[root@desktop71 ~]# cd nginx-1.0.8
[root@desktop71 nginx-1.0.8]# cd src/
[root@desktop71 src]# ls
core event http mail misc os
[root@desktop71 src]# cd core/
[root@desktop71 core]# ls
nginx.c ngx_crypt.c ngx_murmurhash.c ngx_regex.h
nginx.h ngx_crypt.h ngx_murmurhash.h ngx_resolver.c
ngx_array.c ngx_cycle.c ngx_open_file_cache.c ngx_resolver.h
ngx_array.h ngx_cycle.h ngx_open_file_cache.h ngx_sha1.h
ngx_buf.c ngx_file.c ngx_output_chain.c ngx_shmtx.c
ngx_buf.h ngx_file.h ngx_palloc.c ngx_shmtx.h
ngx_conf_file.c ngx_hash.c ngx_palloc.h ngx_slab.c
ngx_conf_file.h ngx_hash.h ngx_parse.c ngx_slab.h
ngx_config.h ngx_inet.c ngx_parse.h ngx_spinlock.c
ngx_connection.c ngx_inet.h ngx_queue.c ngx_string.c
ngx_connection.h ngx_list.c ngx_queue.h ngx_string.h
ngx_core.h ngx_list.h ngx_radix_tree.c ngx_times.c
ngx_cpuinfo.c ngx_log.c ngx_radix_tree.h ngx_times.h
ngx_crc32.c ngx_log.h ngx_rbtree.c
ngx_crc32.h ngx_md5.c ngx_rbtree.h
ngx_crc.h ngx_md5.h ngx_regex.c
[root@desktop71 core]# cd ..
[root@desktop71 src]# cd ..
[root@desktop71 nginx-1.0.8]# ls
auto CHANGES.ru configure html man src
CHANGES conf contrib LICENSE README
[root@desktop71 nginx-1.0.8]# cd auto/cc/
[root@desktop71 cc]# vi gcc
# debug
#CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -g" #关掉debug
[root@desktop71 cc]# cd ..
[root@desktop71 auto]# cd ..
[root@desktop71 nginx-1.0.8]# cd src/core/
[root@desktop71 core]# vi nginx.h
#define NGINX_VER "nginx/"
[root@desktop71 core]# cd ..
[root@desktop71 src]# cd ..
[root@desktop71 nginx-1.0.8]# ls
auto CHANGES.ru configure html man src
CHANGES conf contrib LICENSE README
[root@desktop71 nginx-1.0.8]# pwd
/root/nginx-1.0.8
[root@desktop71 nginx-1.0.8]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/lnmp/nginx --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module
[root@desktop71 nginx-1.0.8]# make
[root@desktop71 nginx-1.0.8]# make install
