环境：虚拟机VMware workstation 9
操作系统：Redhat 5.6 i386
一、keepalived+LVS-DR模式配置高可用负载均衡
拓扑如下：
二、服务器IP配置信息
四台服务器均有VMware虚拟机实现，两台HA主机、两台web服务器。网络方式都设置为NAT模式
1、master：192.168.80.145
2、slaver：192.168.80.137
3、web1:192.168.80.144
4、web2:192.168.80.134
5、VIP：192.168.80.200
三、安装配置keepalived
1、主辅服务器部署keepalived
yum install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf automake wget openssl-devel kernel-devel -y tar -zxf keepalived-1.1.20.tar.gz -C /usr/src cd /usr/src/keepalived-1.1.20 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived --sysconf=/etc --with-kernel-dir=/usr/src/kernels/2.6.18-238.el5 make && make install cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin cp /usr/local/keepalived/bin/genhash /usr/sbin/ /etc/init.d/keepalived start chkconfig keepalived on
注:主要难点解决依赖关系
2、分别设置web服务器1和2
yum install httpd -y echo "web1/web2 ok!!!">/var/www/html/index.html echo "check web1 ok!!! /check web2 ok !!!">/var/www/html/check_web1.html /etc/init.d/httpd start
3、主辅服务器部署ipvsadm
tar -zxf ipvsadm-1.24.tar.gz -C /usr/src cd /usr/src/ipvsadm-1.24 make && make install
注：安装前检查内核是否支持ipvsadm
cat /boot/config-2.6.18-238.el5 |grep -i ipvs # IPVS transport protocol load balancing support # IPVS scheduler # IPVS application helper modprobe -l |grep ipvs /lib/modules/2.6.18-238.el5/kernel/net/ipv4/ipvs/ip_vs.ko /lib/modules/2.6.18-238.el5/kernel/net/ipv4/ipvs/ip_vs_dh.ko /lib/modules/2.6.18-238.el5/kernel/net/ipv4/ipvs/ip_vs_ftp.ko /lib/modules/2.6.18-238.el5/kernel/net/ipv4/ipvs/ip_vs_lblc.ko /lib/modules/2.6.18-238.el5/kernel/net/ipv4/ipvs/ip_vs_lblcr.ko /lib/modules/2.6.18-238.el5/kernel/net/ipv4/ipvs/ip_vs_lc.ko /lib/modules/2.6.18-238.el5/kernel/net/ipv4/ipvs/ip_vs_nq.ko /lib/modules/2.6.18-238.el5/kernel/net/ipv4/ipvs/ip_vs_rr.ko /lib/modules/2.6.18-238.el5/kernel/net/ipv4/ipvs/ip_vs_sed.ko /lib/modules/2.6.18-238.el5/kernel/net/ipv4/ipvs/ip_vs_sh.ko /lib/modules/2.6.18-238.el5/kernel/net/ipv4/ipvs/ip_vs_wlc.ko /lib/modules/2.6.18-238.el5/kernel/net/ipv4/ipvs/ip_vs_wrr.ko
4、配置主辅keepalived配置文件
/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
mds@cdpc.com
}
notification_email_from master@cdpc.com
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id httpd
}
vrrp_script check_http {
script "/root/bash/check_httpd.sh"
weight -5
interval 1
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER/BACKUP
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 240
priority 100/98
advert_int 1
# track_script {
# check_http
# }
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 3333
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.80.200/24 dev eth0
}
}
virtual_server 192.168.80.200 80 {
delay_loop 6
lb_algo rr
lb_kind DR
nat_mask 255.255.255.0
persistence_timeout 0
protocol TCP
real_server 192.168.80.134 80 {
weight 1
HTTP_GET {
url {
path /check_web1.html
digest 68f36ac34591233a3ca3b5def1bace34
}
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
}
}
real_server 192.168.80.144 80 {
weight 1
HTTP_GET {
url {
path /check_web1.html
digest 68f36ac34591233a3ca3b5def1bace34
}
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
}
}
}注：（1）、主辅设置优先级
（2）、genhash值的计算、web1、web2的httpd服务开启时才能
（3）、使用的是HTTP_GET检查web服务器的健康状态
（4）、lvs模式设定
（5）、persistence_timeout 设置为0 方便后面测试
5、检查部署情况
master检查ipvsadm 情况
ipvsadm -ln IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096) Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags -> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn TCP 192.168.80.200:80 rr -> 192.168.80.144:80 Route 1 0 0 -> 192.168.80.134:80 Route 1 0 0
6、主服务器重启keepalived服务
tail -f /var/log/messages
May 17 00:37:48 master Keepalived: Terminating on signal May 17 00:37:48 master Keepalived: Stopping Keepalived v1.1.20 (05/16,2014) May 17 00:37:48 master Keepalived_vrrp: Terminating VRRP child process on signal May 17 00:37:49 master Keepalived_healthcheckers: Terminating Healthchecker child process on signal May 17 00:37:49 master Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) removing protocol VIPs. May 17 00:37:49 master avahi-daemon[3543]: Withdrawing address record for 192.168.80.200 on eth0. May 17 00:37:49 master Keepalived: Starting Keepalived v1.1.20 (05/16,2014) May 17 00:37:49 master Keepalived_healthcheckers: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.80.145 added May 17 00:37:49 master Keepalived_healthcheckers: Registering Kernel netlink reflector May 17 00:37:49 master Keepalived_healthcheckers: Registering Kernel netlink command channel May 17 00:37:49 master Keepalived: Starting Healthcheck child process, pid=12821 May 17 00:37:49 master Keepalived: Starting VRRP child process, pid=12822 May 17 00:37:49 master Keepalived_vrrp: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.80.145 added May 17 00:37:49 master Keepalived_vrrp: Registering Kernel netlink reflector May 17 00:37:49 master Keepalived_vrrp: Registering Kernel netlink command channel May 17 00:37:49 master Keepalived_vrrp: Registering gratutious ARP shared channel May 17 00:37:49 master Keepalived_vrrp: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'. May 17 00:37:49 master Keepalived_vrrp: Configuration is using : 37747 Bytes May 17 00:37:49 master Keepalived_vrrp: Using LinkWatch kernel netlink reflector... May 17 00:37:49 master Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP sockpool: [ifindex(2), proto(112), fd(10,11)] May 17 00:37:49 master Keepalived_healthcheckers: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'. May 17 00:37:49 master Keepalived_healthcheckers: Configuration is using : 14817 Bytes May 17 00:37:49 master Keepalived_healthcheckers: Using LinkWatch kernel netlink reflector... May 17 00:37:49 master Keepalived_healthcheckers: Activating healtchecker for service [192.168.80.134:80] May 17 00:37:49 master Keepalived_healthcheckers: Activating healtchecker for service [192.168.80.144:80] May 17 00:37:50 master Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Transition to MASTER STATE May 17 00:37:51 master Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering MASTER STATE May 17 00:37:51 master Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) setting protocol VIPs. May 17 00:37:51 master Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 192.168.80.200 May 17 00:37:51 master Keepalived_vrrp: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.80.200 added May 17 00:37:51 master Keepalived_healthcheckers: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.80.200 added May 17 00:37:51 master avahi-daemon[3543]: Registering new address record for 192.168.80.200 on eth0. May 17 00:37:56 master Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 192.168.80.200 May 17 00:38:05 master Keepalived: Terminating on signal May 17 00:38:05 master Keepalived: Stopping Keepalived v1.1.20 (05/16,2014) May 17 00:38:05 master Keepalived_vrrp: Terminating VRRP child process on signal May 17 00:38:05 master Keepalived_healthcheckers: Terminating Healthchecker child process on signal May 17 00:38:05 master Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) removing protocol VIPs. May 17 00:38:05 master avahi-daemon[3543]: Withdrawing address record for 192.168.80.200 on eth0. May 17 00:38:52 master Keepalived: Starting Keepalived v1.1.20 (05/16,2014) May 17 00:38:52 master Keepalived_healthcheckers: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.80.145 added May 17 00:38:52 master Keepalived_healthcheckers: Registering Kernel netlink reflector May 17 00:38:52 master Keepalived_healthcheckers: Registering Kernel netlink command channel May 17 00:38:52 master Keepalived: Starting Healthcheck child process, pid=12838 May 17 00:38:52 master Keepalived: Starting VRRP child process, pid=12839 May 17 00:38:52 master Keepalived_vrrp: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.80.145 added May 17 00:38:52 master Keepalived_vrrp: Registering Kernel netlink reflector May 17 00:38:52 master Keepalived_vrrp: Registering Kernel netlink command channel May 17 00:38:52 master Keepalived_vrrp: Registering gratutious ARP shared channel May 17 00:38:52 master Keepalived_healthcheckers: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'. May 17 00:38:52 master Keepalived_healthcheckers: Configuration is using : 14817 Bytes May 17 00:38:52 master Keepalived_healthcheckers: Using LinkWatch kernel netlink reflector... May 17 00:38:52 master Keepalived_healthcheckers: Activating healtchecker for service [192.168.80.134:80] May 17 00:38:52 master Keepalived_vrrp: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'. May 17 00:38:52 master Keepalived_healthcheckers: Activating healtchecker for service [192.168.80.144:80] May 17 00:38:52 master Keepalived_vrrp: Configuration is using : 37747 Bytes May 17 00:38:52 master Keepalived_vrrp: Using LinkWatch kernel netlink reflector... May 17 00:38:52 master Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP sockpool: [ifindex(2), proto(112), fd(10,11)] May 17 00:38:53 master Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Transition to MASTER STATE
7、在web服务器上分别执行以下脚本
#!/bin/bash
#description:start realserver
#chkconfig
VIP1=192.168.80.200
case "$1" in
start)
echo " start LVS of REALServer"
/sbin/ifconfig lo:0 $VIP1 broadcast $VIP1 netmask 255.255.255.255 up
echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
;;
stop)
/sbin/ifconfig lo:0 down
echo "close LVS Directorserver"
echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop}"
exit 1
esac8、现在重启主辅服务器上的keepalived服务、web服务器上的httpd服务，关闭master的keepalived服务做测试。
keepalived+LVS-DR模式就部署就完成了
9、在web1上部署inotify-tools工具、web2上部署rsync服务，用于当web1网页内容变化时，web2服务器的网页内容的一致性问题
web1上部署inotify-tools
tar -zxf inotify-tools-3.13.tar.gz -C /usr/src
cd /usr/src/inotify-tools-3.13
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/inotify_tools
make && make install
cp /usr/local/inotify_tools/bin/inotifywait /usr/sbin/
cp /usr/local/inotify_tools/bin/inotifywatch /usr/sbin/
chmod 755 inotify-rsync.sh
inotify-rsync.sh
#!/bin/bash
host1=192.168.80.137
src=/var/www/html
dst1=test
user1=root
/usr/local/inotify_tools/bin/inotifywait -mrq --timefmt '%d/%m/%y %H:%M' --format '%T %w%f%e' -e modify,delete,create,attrib $src \
| while read files
do
/usr/bin/rsync -vzrtopg --delete --progress --password-file=/etc/rsync.passwd $src$user1@$host1::$dst1
echo "${files} was rsynced" >>/tmp/rsync.log 2>&1
done
inotify-rsync.sh &web2上部署rsync服务
chmod 600 /etc/rsync.passwd /etc/rsync.passwd root:strong /etc/rsyncd.conf strict modes = yes port = 873 pid file = /var/run/rsyncd.pid lock file = /var/run/rsync.lock log file = /var/log/rsyncd.log motd file = /etc/rsyncd.motd use chroot = timeout = [test] path = /var/www/ comment = rsync files max connections = 5 uid = root gid = root ignore errors read only = no write only = no list = no hosts allow = * hosts deny = 10.1.1.1 auth users = root secrets file = /etc/rsync.passwd 启动rsync服务 chkconfig rsync on /etc/init.d/xinted restart
10、至此apache+rsync+inotify-tools+keepalived+lvs-DR模式HA负载均衡部署就此结束
