使用bacula备份与恢复实战（一）

原创

别有天地 2012-12-13 15:23:37 博主文章分类：Linux ©著作权

文章标签 一二三四五 文章分类 服务器

©著作权归作者所有：来自51CTO博客作者别有天地的原创作品，请联系作者获取转载授权，否则将追究法律责任

一、部署结构（有错误或不明白处，可加我QQ：761117826，我们一起共同研究，谢谢！）

主机名 ip地址应用角色 OS
baculaserver 192.168.1.10 Director、SD、Console CentOS5.6
baculaclient1 192.168.1.11 FD CentOS5.6

baculaclient2 192.168.1.12 FD CentOS5.6

二、安装

1.bacula服务器端安装和初始化

1.1 bacula软件安装

安装bacula之前要安装mysql gcc gcc-c++

[root@baculaserver ~]# yum install mysql mysql-devel mysql-server gcc gcc-c++ -y

在http://sourceforge.net/projects/bacula/files/bacula/下载bacula，我使用的是bacula-5.2.10版本
[root@baculaserver ~]# tar -zxf bacula-5.2.10.tar.gz -C /usr/src/
[root@baculaserver ~]# cd /usr/src/bacula-5.2.10
[root@baculaserver bacula-5.2.10]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/bacula --with-mysql
#指定安装路径和所用数据库
[root@baculaserver bacula-5.0.1]# make && make install && make install-autostart

#make install-autostart为开机自启动服务

1.2 MySQL数据库初始化
[root@baculaserver ~]# cd /usr/local/bacula/etc
[root@baculaserver etc]# ./grant_mysql_privileges -u root -p
[root@baculaserver etc]# ./create_mysql_database -u root -p
[root@baculaserver etc]# ./make_mysql_tables -u root -p
#在执行上面三行mysql初始化时，默认由数据库管理员root执行，如果没有密码就不必加后面的-u root -p，如果有密码，则输入密码。

2.bacula客户端安装（使用的与server是一样的安装包）

安装bacula之前要安装gcc,gcc-c++

[root@baculaclient ~]# yum install gcc gcc-c++ -y

[root@baculaclient ~]# tar -zxf bacula-5.2.10.tar.gz -C /usr/src/
[root@baculaclient ~]# cd /usr/src/bacula-5.2.10
[root@baculaclient bacula-5.2.10]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/bacula --enable-client-only
#指定安装路径和只安装客户端组件

[root@baculaclient bacula-5.0.1]# make && make install && make install-autostart

#make install-autostart为开机自启动服务

三、bacula配置

1. bacula服务器端配置

1.1 bacula的console端配置(bconsole.conf)

[root@baculaserver etc]# vim bconsole.conf #当前目录是/usr/local/bacula/etc/

# Bacula User Agent (or Console) Configuration File

Director {

Name = baculaserver-dir #主控台名称，可自定义，要求与bacula-dir.conf中定义相同，安装时默认是server的主机名+ -dir，不要更改就好。

DIRport = 9101 #控制台服务器端口

address = 192.168.1.10 #控制台服务器IP，不要用localhost

Password = "LiuQingshan-Director" #控制台密码

}

1.2. bacula的Director端配置（bacula-dir.conf)

1.2.1 bacula-dir.conf的组成
bacula-dir.conf是Director端的配置文件，也是bacula的核心配置文件，该文件由以下10个逻辑端组成：
Director：定义全局设置
Catalog：定义后台数据库
Jobdefs：定义默认执行任务
Job：自定义一个备份或恢复任务
Fileset：定义备份哪些数据，不备份哪些数据
Schedule：定义备份时间策略
Pool：定义供Job使用的池属性
Client：定义要备份的客户端
Storage：定义数据的存储方式
Messages：定义发送日志报告和日志的记录

1.2.2 bacula-dir.conf配置

[root@baculaserver etc]# vim bacula-dir.conf #当前目录是/usr/local/bacula/etc/

# Default Bacula Director Configuration file

# The only thing that MUST be changed is to add one or more

# file or directory names in the Include directive of the

# FileSet resource.

# For Bacula release 5.2.10 (28 June 2012) -- redhat

# You might also want to change the default email address

# from root to your address. See the "mail" and "operator"

# directives in the Messages resource.

Director { # define myself #控制台的全局配置

Name = baculaserver-dir #定义控制台名称，要与sd、fd的Director相同

DIRport = 9101 # where we listen for UA connections # Director的服务端口

QueryFile = "/usr/local/bacula/etc/query.sql"

WorkingDirectory = "/usr/local/bacula/var/bacula/working"

PidDirectory = "/var/run"

Maximum Concurrent Jobs = 1 #一次能处理的最大并发数

Heartbeat Interval = 15 seconds #与sd、fd的心跳时间

Password = "LiuQingshan-Director" # Console password #验证密码，这个密码必须与bconsole.conf文件中对应的Director逻辑段密码相同

Messages = Daemon #日志输出方式，“Daemon”在下面Messages逻辑段中定义

}

JobDefs { #JobDefs类似一个模板，并不是真正创建一个任务,只为Job提供一个默认的配置,当前Job明确定义的任何值,将会覆盖冲突的JobDefs值，后面的Job会调用这个模板。

Name = "DefaultJob" #JobDefs名字

Type = Backup #可用类型有backup,restore,verify,admin

Level = Incremental #备份类型,可用的值是FULL(完全备份),Incremental(增量备份),Differential(差异备份)，如第一次没做完全备份，则先进行完全备份后再执行Incremental

# Client = janus.mazentop.com-fd

# FileSet = "Full Set"

# Schedule = "WeeklyCycle"

# Storage = File

Messages = Standard

Pool = File #pool属性，“File”在后面的Pool逻辑段定义

# Priority = 10

Write Bootstrap = "/usr/local/bacula/var/bacula/working/%c.bsr" #指定备份的引导信息路径

}

# Define the main nightly save backup job

# By default, this job will back up to disk in /tmp

#Job {

# Name = "BackupClient1"

# JobDefs = "DefaultJob"

#Job {

# Name = "BackupClient2"

# Client = janus.mazentop.com2-fd

# JobDefs = "DefaultJob"

# Backup the catalog database (after the nightly save)

#Job { #定义一个Catalog备份任务，确保控制端备份数据库的安全

# Name = "BackupCatalog"

# JobDefs = "DefaultJob"

# Level = Full

# FileSet="Catalog"

# Schedule = "WeeklyCycleAfterBackup"

# # This creates an ASCII copy of the catalog

# # Arguments to make_catalog_backup.pl are:

# # make_catalog_backup.pl <catalog-name>

# RunBeforeJob = "/usr/local/bacula/etc/make_catalog_backup.pl MyCatalog"

# # This deletes the copy of the catalog

# RunAfterJob = "/usr/local/bacula/etc/delete_catalog_backup"

# Write Bootstrap = "/usr/local/bacula/var/bacula/working/%n.bsr"

# Priority = 11 # run after main backup

# Standard Restore template, to be changed by Console program

# Only one such job is needed for all Jobs/Clients/Storage ...

#Job {

# Name = "RestoreFiles"

# Type = Restore

# Client=janus.mazentop.com-fd

# FileSet="Full Set"

# Storage = File

# Pool = Default

# Messages = Standard

# Where = /tmp/bacula-restores

# List of files to be backed up

#FileSet {

# Name = "Full Set"

# Include {

# Options {

# signature = MD5

# }

# Put your list of files here, preceded by 'File =', one per line

# or include an external list with:

# File = <file-name

# Note: / backs up everything on the root partition.

# if you have other partitions such as /usr or /home

# you will probably want to add them too.

# By default this is defined to point to the Bacula binary

# directory to give a reasonable FileSet to backup to

# disk storage during initial testing.

# File = /usr/local/bacula/sbin

# }

# If you backup the root directory, the following two excluded

# files can be useful

# Exclude {

# File = /usr/local/bacula/var/bacula/working

# File = /tmp

# File = /proc

# File = /tmp

# File = /.journal

# File = /.fsck

# }

# When to do the backups, full backup on first sunday of the month,

# differential (i.e. incremental since full) every other sunday,

# and incremental backups other days

#Schedule {

# Name = "WeeklyCycle"

# Run = Full 1st sun at 23:05

# Run = Differential 2nd-5th sun at 23:05

# Run = Incremental mon-sat at 23:05

# This schedule does the catalog. It starts after the WeeklyCycle

#Schedule {

# Name = "WeeklyCycleAfterBackup"

# Run = Full sun-sat at 23:10

# This is the backup of the catalog

#FileSet {

# Name = "Catalog"

# Include {

# Options {

# signature = MD5

# }

# File = "/usr/local/bacula/var/bacula/working/bacula.sql"

# }

## Client (File Services) to backup

#Client {

# Name = baculaserver-fd

# Address = baculaserver

# FDPort = 9102

# Catalog = MyCatalog

# Password = "jQP9VBIG2fsRD1L8zZFTCZHSErPMxbxPQ5N32dstkEDQ" # password for FileDaemon

# File Retention = 30 days # 30 days

# Job Retention = 6 months # six months

# AutoPrune = yes # Prune expired Jobs/Files

# Second Client (File Services) to backup

# You should change Name, Address, and Password before using

#Client {

# Name = baculaserver2-fd

# Address = baculaserver2

# FDPort = 9102

# Catalog = MyCatalog

# Password = "jQP9VBIG2fsRD1L8zZFTCZHSErPMxbxPQ5N32dstkEDQ2" # password for FileDaemon 2

# File Retention = 30 days # 30 days

# Job Retention = 6 months # six months

# AutoPrune = yes # Prune expired Jobs/Files

# Definition of file storage device

#Storage {

# Name = File

# Do not use "localhost" here

# Address = baculaserver # N.B. Use a fully qualified name here

# SDPort = 9103

# Password = "EjNboSvTNCUxSs1WiABKAdaJ1PGW704lV/DleGnls8QJ"

# Device = FileStorage

# Media Type = File

# Definition of DDS tape storage device

#Storage {

# Name = DDS-4

# Do not use "localhost" here

# Address = baculaserver # N.B. Use a fully qualified name here

# SDPort = 9103

# Password = "EjNboSvTNCUxSs1WiABKAdaJ1PGW704lV/DleGnls8QJ" # password for Storage daemon

# Device = DDS-4 # must be same as Device in Storage daemon

# Media Type = DDS-4 # must be same as MediaType in Storage daemon

# Autochanger = yes # enable for autochanger device

# Definition of 8mm tape storage device

#Storage {

# Name = "8mmDrive"

# Do not use "localhost" here

# Address = baculaserver # N.B. Use a fully qualified name here

# SDPort = 9103

# Password = "EjNboSvTNCUxSs1WiABKAdaJ1PGW704lV/DleGnls8QJ"

# Device = "Exabyte 8mm"

# MediaType = "8mm"

# Definition of DVD storage device

#Storage {

# Name = "DVD"

# Do not use "localhost" here

# Address = baculaserver # N.B. Use a fully qualified name here

# SDPort = 9103

# Password = "EjNboSvTNCUxSs1WiABKAdaJ1PGW704lV/DleGnls8QJ"

# Device = "DVD Writer"

# MediaType = "DVD"

# Generic catalog service

Catalog { #Catalog逻辑段用来定义关于日志和数据库的设定

Name = MyCatalog

# Uncomment the following line if you want the dbi driver

# dbdriver = "dbi:mysql"; dbaddress = 127.0.0.1; dbport =

dbname = "bacula"; dbuser = "bacula"; dbpassword = "" #指定库名、用户名和密码

}

# Reasonable message delivery -- send most everything to email address

# and to the console

Messages { #Messages逻辑段用来设定Director端如何保存日志，日志格式，可以将日志信息发送给管理员，要求开启sendmail服务。

Name = Standard

# NOTE! If you send to two email or more email addresses, you will need

# to replace the %r in the from field (-f part) with a single valid

# email address in both the mailcommand and the operatorcommand.

# What this does is, it sets the email address that emails would display

# in the FROM field, which is by default the same email as they're being

# sent to. However, if you send email to more than one address, then

# you'll have to set the FROM address manually, to a single address.

# for example, a 'no-reply@mydomain.com', is better since that tends to

# tell (most) people that its coming from an automated source.

mailcommand = "/usr/local/bacula/sbin/bsmtp -h localhost -f \"$Bacula$ \<%r\>\" -s \"Bacula: %t %e of %c %l\" %r"

operatorcommand = "/usr/local/bacula/sbin/bsmtp -h localhost -f \"$Bacula$ \<%r\>\" -s \"Bacula: Intervention needed for %j\" %r"

mail = root@localhost = all, !skipped

operator = root@localhost = mount

console = all, !skipped, !saved

# WARNING! the following will create a file that you must cycle from

# time to time as it will grow indefinitely. However, it will

# also keep all your messages if they scroll off the console.

append = "/usr/local/bacula/var/bacula/working/log" = all, !skipped

catalog = all

}

# Message delivery for daemon messages (no job).

Messages {

Name = Daemon

mailcommand = "/usr/local/bacula/sbin/bsmtp -h localhost -f \"$Bacula$ \<%r\>\" -s \"Bacula daemon message\" %r"

mail = root@localhost = all, !skipped

console = all, !skipped, !saved

append = "/usr/local/bacula/var/bacula/working/log" = all, !skipped

}

# Default pool definition

Pool { #定义job任务使用的池属性信息，如：设定文件过期时间，是否覆盖过去备份数据，是否自动清除过去备份等。

Name = Default

Pool Type = Backup

Recycle = yes # Bacula can automatically recycle Volumes # 重复使用

AutoPrune = yes # Prune expired volumes # 自动清除过去备份

Volume Retention = 62 days # one year # 备份文件保存时间

}

# File Pool definition

Pool {

Name = File

Pool Type = Backup

Recycle = yes # Bacula can automatically recycle Volumes # 重复使用

AutoPrune = yes # Prune expired volumes # 自动清除过去备份

Volume Retention = 62 days # one year # 备份文件保存时间

Maximum Volume Bytes = 66G # Limit Volume size to something reasonable # 限制备份文件文件最大值

Maximum Volumes = 100000000 # Limit number of Volumes in Pool #设置最多保存多少个备份文件

Maximum Volume Jobs = 1 # 每次执行备份任务创建一个备份文件。

Recycle Current Volume = yes # 使用最近过期的文件存储新备份

Label Format = "${Year}-${Month:p/2/0/r}-${Day:p/2/0/r}-${JobId}" #设定备份文件命名格式，就是备份后的文件名字是当天日期加Job号

}

# Scratch pool definition

Pool {

Name = Scratch

Pool Type = Backup

}

# Restricted console used by tray-monitor to get the status of the director

Console { #限定console利用tray-monitor获取diretor的状态信息

Name = baculaserver-mon

Password = "6svlrkgboyB/Tqt0b0AvqKk7l/1nIlbwbAbYEOL8tQBV"

CommandACL = status, .status

}

#############################################FileSet

FileSet { #定义要备份的客户端网站数据，即指定需要备份哪些数据，需要排除哪些数据，可指定多个FileSet

Name = web_fileset

Include {

Options {

signature = MD5 #验证方式为MD5码的方式

Compression = GZIP2 #对备份文件进行gzip的压缩

}

File = /home #指定客户端需要备份的文件或目录，公司网站的目录就在这个下面

}

Exclude { #排除不需要备份的文件或目录

File = /home/*/public_html/cache/*

File = /home/*/public_html/bmz_cach/*

File = /home/localbackup

File = /home/restored_home

File = /home/Jack

File = /home/install

File = /home/bak

File = *.tar

File = *.zip

File = *.7z

File = *.gz

File = *.bz2

File = *.sql

File = *.rar

File = *.bak

}

FileSet { #定义要备份的客户端数据库数据，我使用的是将数据库导出到/localdatabasebackup下，然后再对这个目录进行备份，导出可以用mysqldump写脚本导出，也可以其它的方法导出为.sql的文件。

Name = database_fileset

Include {

Options {

signature = MD5

Compression = GZIP2

}

File = /localdatabasebackup

}

###########################################################

################################################192.168.1.11

Job { #备份任务，注意注释标号，可按照该标号与后面各逻辑端定义相对应

Name = "192.168.1.11_database_job" #备份job的名字,这个可以随便起,在后面的备份操作的时候可以看到

JobDefs = "DefaultJob" #使用上面定义的DefaultJob这个模板

Client = 192.168.1.11-fd #要备份的客户端，“192.168.1.11-fd ”在后面的Client逻辑段定义

Fileset = database_fileset #要备份的客户端数据，“database_fileset”在后面的FileSet逻辑段定义

Schedule = 192.168.1.11_database_schedule #备份任务的执行时间策略，“192.168.1.12_database_schedule”在后面的Schedule逻辑段定义

Storage = 192.168.1.11_database_storage #备份数据的存储介质和路径，“192.168.1.11_database_storage”在后面的Storage逻辑段定义

Priority = 11 #备份优先级，数字越小优先级超高

}

Schedule { #备份任务的执行时间策略,定义名为192.168.1.11_database_schedule的备份任务调度策略

Name = 192.168.1.11_database_schedule

Run = Full on 1 at 00:00 #在每个月的1号零点，进行全备，因为公司服务器较多

Run = Differential on 8 at 00:00 #在每个月的8、15、22、29号零点，进行差异备份

Run = Differential on 15 at 00:00

Run = Differential on 22 at 00:00

Run = Differential on 29 at 00:00

Run = Incremental on 2-7 at 00:00 #剩余的天数进行增量备份

Run = Incremental on 9-14 at 00:00

Run = Incremental on 16-21 at 00:00

Run = Incremental on 23-28 at 00:00

Run = Incremental on 30-31 at 00:00

}

#还有一种写法就是

#Schedule {

# Name = 192.168.1.11_web_schedule

# Run = Full 1st sun at 00:00 #每个月的第一个星期日进行全备

# Run = Differential 2nd-5th sun at 00:00 #每个月的第二个到第五个星期日进行差异备份

# Run = Incremental mon-sat at 00:00 #每周的周一至周六进行增量备份｝

Storage { #备份数据的存储介质和路径；Storage用来指定将客户端数据备份到哪个存储设备上。

Name = 192.168.1.11_database_storage

Address = 192.168.1.10 #存储端SD的地址

SDPort = 9103 #指定存储端SD通信的端口

Password = "6Ua7La41oZ15YwCDj0r3Nfjddm4dLHyOoKSuGfefflIv" #Director端与SD的通讯密码，必须与bacula-sd.conf中Director段密码相同

Device = 192.168.1.11_database_dev #指定数据备份介质，必须与存储SD端的bacula-sd.conf中Device逻辑端的Name相同

Media Type = File #指定数据备份介质类别，必须与存储SD端的bacula-sd.conf中Device逻辑端的Media Type相同

}

Client { #要备份的客户端

Name = 192.168.1.11-fd #Clinet的名称，可以在前面的Job中调用

Address = 192.168.1.11 #要备份的客户端FD主机的IP地址

FDPort = 9102 #与客户端FD通信的端口

Catalog = MyCatalog #记录客户机备份情况的日志名,上面Catalog逻辑段定义

Password = "eyBPuJuxa6pVSL9rN6K4KvpSNsR0JeoU/192.168.1.11" # Director端与FD的验证密码，必须与bacula-fd.conf中Director项的密码相同

File Retention = 62 days #指定保存在数据库中的记录多久循环一次，这里30天，只影响数据库中的记录，不影响备份的文件

Job Retention = 6 months #job的保持周期，应大于File Retention的值

AutoPrune = yes # 当达到指定的保存周期时，是否自动删除数据库中记录，yes表自动清除过期的job

}

Job {

Name = "192.168.1.11_web_job"

JobDefs = "DefaultJob"

Client = 192.168.1.11-fd

Fileset = web_fileset

Schedule = 192.168.1.11_web_schedule

Storage = 192.168.1.11_web_storage

Priority = 12

}

Schedule {

Name = 192.168.1.11_web_schedule

Run = Full on 1 at 00:03

Run = Differential on 8 at 00:03

Run = Differential on 15 at 00:03

Run = Differential on 22 at 00:03

Run = Differential on 29 at 00:03

Run = Incremental on 2-7 at 00:03

Run = Incremental on 9-14 at 00:03

Run = Incremental on 16-21 at 00:03

Run = Incremental on 23-28 at 00:03

Run = Incremental on 30-31 at 00:03

}

Storage {

Name = 192.168.1.11_web_storage

Address = 192.168.1.10

SDPort = 9103

Password = "6Ua7La41oZ15YwCDj0r3Nfjddm4dLHyOoKSuGfefflIv"

Device = 192.168.1.11_web_dev

Media Type = File

}

#############################################################

################################################192.168.1.12

Job {

Name = "192.168.1.12_database_job"

JobDefs = "DefaultJob"

Client = 192.168.1.12-fd

Fileset = database_fileset

Schedule = 192.168.1.12_database_schedule

Storage = 192.168.1.12_database_storage

Priority = 13

}

Schedule {

Name = 192.168.1.12_database_schedule

Run = Full on 2 at 00:20

Run = Differential on 9 at 00:20

Run = Differential on 16 at 00:20

Run = Differential on 23 at 00:20

Run = Differential on 30 at 00:20

Run = Incremental on 1 at 00:20

Run = Incremental on 3-8 at 00:20

Run = Incremental on 10-15 at 00:20

Run = Incremental on 17-22 at 00:20

Run = Incremental on 24-29 at 00:20

Run = Incremental on 31 at 00:20

}

Storage {

Name = 192.168.1.12_database_storage

Address = 192.168.1.10

SDPort = 9103

Password = "6Ua7La41oZ15YwCDj0r3Nfjddm4dLHyOoKSuGfefflIv"

Device = 192.168.1.12_database_dev

Media Type = File

}

Client {

Name = 192.168.1.12-fd

Address = 192.168.1.12

FDPort = 9102

Catalog = MyCatalog

Password = "eyBPuJuxa6pVSL9rN6K4KvpSNsR0JeoU/192.168.1.12"

File Retention = 62 days

Job Retention = 6 months

AutoPrune = yes

}

Job {

Name = "192.168.1.12_web_job"

JobDefs = "DefaultJob"

Client = 192.168.1.12-fd

Fileset = web_fileset

Schedule = 192.168.1.12_web_schedule

Storage = 192.168.1.12_web_storage

Priority = 14

}

Schedule {

Name = 192.168.1.12_web_schedule

Run = Full on 2 at 00:25

Run = Differential on 9 at 00:25

Run = Differential on 16 at 00:25

Run = Differential on 23 at 00:25

Run = Differential on 30 at 00:25

Run = Incremental on 1 at 00:25

Run = Incremental on 3-8 at 00:25

Run = Incremental on 10-15 at 00:25

Run = Incremental on 17-22 at 00:25

Run = Incremental on 24-29 at 00:25

Run = Incremental on 31 at 00:23

}

Storage {

Name = 192.168.1.12_web_storage

Address = 192.168.1.10

SDPort = 9103

Password = "6Ua7La41oZ15YwCDj0r3Nfjddm4dLHyOoKSuGfefflIv"

Device = 192.168.1.12_web_dev

Media Type = File

}

#############################################################

#####################################################

Job { #定义对应的还原任务

Name = "Restore_192.168.1.11_web_job"

Type = Restore

Client = 192.168.1.11-fd

FileSet = web_fileset

Storage = 192.168.1.11_web_storage

Pool = Default

Messages = Standard

Where = /bacula-restores

}

Job {

Name = "Restore_192.168.1.11_database_job"

Type = Restore

Client = 192.168.1.11-fd

FileSet = database_fileset

Storage = 192.168.1.11_database_storage

Pool = Default

Messages = Standard

Where = /bacula-restores

}

#####################################################

Job {

Name = "Restore_192.168.1.12_web_job"

Type = Restore

Client = 192.168.1.12-fd

FileSet = web_fileset

Storage = 192.168.1.12_web_storage

Pool = Default

Messages = Standard

Where = /bacula-restores

}

Job {

Name = "Restore_192.168.1.12_database_job"

Type = Restore

Client = 192.168.1.12-fd

FileSet = database_fileset

Storage = 192.168.1.12_database_storage

Pool = Default

Messages = Standard

Where = /bacula-restores

}

#####################################################

#你有多少要备份的服务器，就在下面一直添加下去，我们公司有50多台，用了两台bacula备份服务器来备份，因为一台在时间上运转不过来。

1.3. bacula的SD配置(bacula-sd.conf)

SD可以是一台单独的服务器，也可以和Director在一台机器上，本例就将SD和Director端放在一起进行配置，SD的配置文件是bacula-sd.conf。
[root@baculaserver etc]# vim bacula-sd.conf #当前目录是/usr/local/bacula/etc/

# Default Bacula Storage Daemon Configuration file

# For Bacula release 5.2.10 (28 June 2012) -- redhat

# You may need to change the name of your tape drive

# on the "Archive Device" directive in the Device

# resource. If you change the Name and/or the

# "Media Type" in the Device resource, please ensure

# that dird.conf has corresponding changes.

Storage { # definition of myself # 定义存储

Name = baculaserver-sd

SDPort = 9103 # Director's port # 服务端口

WorkingDirectory = "/usr/local/bacula/var/bacula/working"

Pid Directory = "/var/run"

Maximum Concurrent Jobs = 188

Heartbeat Interval = 30

}

# List Directors who are permitted to contact Storage daemon

Director { #定义一个控制StorageDaemon的Director

Name = baculaserver-dir #这里的“Name”值必须和Director端配置文件bacula-dir.conf中Director逻辑段名称相同

Password = "6Ua7La41oZ15YwCDj0r3Nfjddm4dLHyOoKSuGfefflIv" #这里的“Password”值必须和Director端配置文件bacula-dir.conf中Storage逻辑段密码相同

}

# Restricted Director, used by tray-monitor to get the

# status of the storage daemon

Director { #定义一个监控端的Director

Name = baculaserver-mon #这里的“Name”值必须和Director端配置文件bacula-dir.conf中Console逻辑段名称相同

Password = "6svlrkgboyB/Tqt0b0AvqKk7l/1nIlbwbAbYEOL8tQBV" #这里的“Password”值必须和Director端配置文件bacula-dir.conf中Console逻辑段密码相同

Monitor = yes

}

# Note, for a list of additional Device templates please

# see the directory <bacula-source>/examples/devices

# Or follow the following link:

# http://bacula.svn.sourceforge.net/viewvc/bacula/trunk/bacula/examples/devices/

# Devices supported by this Storage daemon

# To connect, the Director's bacula-dir.conf must have the

# same Name and MediaType.

#Device {

# Name = FileStorage

# Media Type = File

# Archive Device = /tmp

# LabelMedia = yes; # lets Bacula label unlabeled media

# Random Access = Yes;

# AutomaticMount = yes; # when device opened, read it

# RemovableMedia = no;

# AlwaysOpen = no;

# An autochanger device with two drives

#Autochanger {

# Name = Autochanger

# Device = Drive-1

# Device = Drive-2

# Changer Command = "/usr/local/bacula/etc/mtx-changer %c %o %S %a %d"

# Changer Device = /dev/sg0

#Device {

# Name = Drive-1 #

# Drive Index = 0

# Media Type = DLT-8000

# Archive Device = /dev/nst0

# AutomaticMount = yes; # when device opened, read it

# AlwaysOpen = yes;

# RemovableMedia = yes;

# RandomAccess = no;

# AutoChanger = yes

# #

# # Enable the Alert command only if you have the mtx package loaded

# # Note, apparently on some systems, tapeinfo resets the SCSI controller

# # thus if you turn this on, make sure it does not reset your SCSI

# # controller. I have never had any problems, and smartctl does

# # not seem to cause such problems.

# #

# Alert Command = "sh -c 'tapeinfo -f %c |grep TapeAlert|cat'"

# If you have smartctl, enable this, it has more info than tapeinfo

# Alert Command = "sh -c 'smartctl -H -l error %c'"

#Device {

# Name = Drive-2 #

# Drive Index = 1

# Media Type = DLT-8000

# Archive Device = /dev/nst1

# AutomaticMount = yes; # when device opened, read it

# AlwaysOpen = yes;

# RemovableMedia = yes;

# RandomAccess = no;

# AutoChanger = yes

# # Enable the Alert command only if you have the mtx package loaded

# Alert Command = "sh -c 'tapeinfo -f %c |grep TapeAlert|cat'"

# If you have smartctl, enable this, it has more info than tapeinfo

# Alert Command = "sh -c 'smartctl -H -l error %c'"

# A Linux or Solaris LTO-2 tape drive

#Device {

# Name = LTO-2

# Media Type = LTO-2

# Archive Device = /dev/nst0

# AutomaticMount = yes; # when device opened, read it

# AlwaysOpen = yes;

# RemovableMedia = yes;

# RandomAccess = no;

# Maximum File Size = 3GB

## Changer Command = "/usr/local/bacula/etc/mtx-changer %c %o %S %a %d"

## Changer Device = /dev/sg0

## AutoChanger = yes

# # Enable the Alert command only if you have the mtx package loaded

## Alert Command = "sh -c 'tapeinfo -f %c |grep TapeAlert|cat'"

## If you have smartctl, enable this, it has more info than tapeinfo

## Alert Command = "sh -c 'smartctl -H -l error %c'"

# A Linux or Solaris LTO-3 tape drive

#Device {

# Name = LTO-3

# Media Type = LTO-3

# Archive Device = /dev/nst0

# AutomaticMount = yes; # when device opened, read it

# AlwaysOpen = yes;

# RemovableMedia = yes;

# RandomAccess = no;

# Maximum File Size = 4GB

## Changer Command = "/usr/local/bacula/etc/mtx-changer %c %o %S %a %d"

## Changer Device = /dev/sg0

## AutoChanger = yes

# # Enable the Alert command only if you have the mtx package loaded

## Alert Command = "sh -c 'tapeinfo -f %c |grep TapeAlert|cat'"

## If you have smartctl, enable this, it has more info than tapeinfo

## Alert Command = "sh -c 'smartctl -H -l error %c'"

# A Linux or Solaris LTO-4 tape drive

#Device {

# Name = LTO-4

# Media Type = LTO-4

# Archive Device = /dev/nst0

# AutomaticMount = yes; # when device opened, read it

# AlwaysOpen = yes;

# RemovableMedia = yes;

# RandomAccess = no;

# Maximum File Size = 5GB

## Changer Command = "/usr/local/bacula/etc/mtx-changer %c %o %S %a %d"

## Changer Device = /dev/sg0

## AutoChanger = yes

# # Enable the Alert command only if you have the mtx package loaded

## Alert Command = "sh -c 'tapeinfo -f %c |grep TapeAlert|cat'"

## If you have smartctl, enable this, it has more info than tapeinfo

## Alert Command = "sh -c 'smartctl -H -l error %c'"

# A FreeBSD tape drive

#Device {

# Name = DDS-4

# Description = "DDS-4 for FreeBSD"

# Media Type = DDS-4

# Archive Device = /dev/nsa1

# AutomaticMount = yes; # when device opened, read it

# AlwaysOpen = yes

# Offline On Unmount = no

# Hardware End of Medium = no

# BSF at EOM = yes

# Backward Space Record = no

# Fast Forward Space File = no

# TWO EOF = yes

# If you have smartctl, enable this, it has more info than tapeinfo

# Alert Command = "sh -c 'smartctl -H -l error %c'"

# Send all messages to the Director,

# mount messages also are sent to the email address

Messages { #为存储端SD定义一个日志或消息处理机制

Name = Standard

director = baculaserver-dir = all

}

##################################################################################

#################################################################192.168.1.11

Device { #定义Device

Name = 192.168.1.11_database_dev #定义Device的名称，这个名称在Director端配置文件bacula-dir.conf中的Storage逻辑段Device项中被引用

Media Type = File #指定存储介质的类型，File表示使用文件系统存储

Archive Device = /backup/192.168.1.11/database #Archive Device用来指定备份存储的介质，可以是cd、dvd、tap等，这里是将备份的文件保存的/backup/192.168.1.11/database目录下

LabelMedia = yes; # lets Bacula label unlabeled media #通过Label命令来建立卷文件

Random Access = Yes; #设置是否采用随机访问存储介质，这里选择yes

AutomaticMount = yes; # when device opened, read it #表示当存储设备打开时，是否自动使用它，这选择yes

RemovableMedia = no; #是否确保tap设备总是可用，这里没有使用tap设备，因此设置为no

AlwaysOpen = no;

}

Device {

Name = 192.168.1.11_web_dev

Media Type = File

Archive Device = /backup/192.168.1.11/web

LabelMedia = yes; # lets Bacula label unlabeled media

Random Access = Yes;

AutomaticMount = yes; # when device opened, read it

RemovableMedia = no;

AlwaysOpen = no;

}

##################################################################################

#################################################################192.168.1.12

Device {

Name = 192.168.1.12_database_dev

Media Type = File

Archive Device = /backup/5192.168.1.12/database

LabelMedia = yes; # lets Bacula label unlabeled media

Random Access = Yes;

AutomaticMount = yes; # when device opened, read it

RemovableMedia = no;

AlwaysOpen = no;

}

Device {

Name = 192.168.1.12_web_dev

Media Type = File

Archive Device = /backup/192.168.1.12/web

LabelMedia = yes; # lets Bacula label unlabeled media

Random Access = Yes;

AutomaticMount = yes; # when device opened, read it

RemovableMedia = no;

AlwaysOpen = no;

}

##################################################################################

2. 配置bacula的FD端

2.1 baculaclient1的配置：

[root@balucaclient1 etc]# vim bacula-fd.conf #当前目录为/usr/local/bacula/etc

# Default Bacula File Daemon Configuration file

# For Bacula release 5.2.10 (28 June 2012) -- redhat

# There is not much to change here except perhaps the

# File daemon Name to

# List Directors who are permitted to contact this File daemon

Director { #定义一个允许连接FD的控制端

Name = baculaserver-dir #这里的“Name”值必须和Director端配置文件bacula-dir.conf中Director逻辑段名称相同

Password = "eyBPuJuxa6pVSL9rN6K4KvpSNsR0JeoU/192.168.1.11" #这里的“Password”值必须和Director端配置文件bacula-dir.conf中Client逻辑段密码相同

}

# Restricted Director, used by tray-monitor to get the

# status of the file daemon

Director { #定义一个允许连接FD的监控端

Name = baculaserver-mon #这里的“Name”值必须和Director端配置文件bacula-dir.conf中Console逻辑段名称相同

Password = "6svlrkgboyB/Tqt0b0AvqKk7l/1nIlbwbAbYEOL8tQBV" #这里的“Password”值必须必须与bacula-dir.conf中Console逻辑段内定义password相同

Monitor = yes

}

# "Global" File daemon configuration specifications

FileDaemon { # this is me #定义一个FD端

Name = baculaclient1-fd

FDport = 9102 # where we listen for the director

WorkingDirectory = /usr/local/bacula/var/bacula/working

Pid Directory = /var/run

Maximum Concurrent Jobs = 20

}

# Send all messages except skipped files back to Director

Messages {

Name = Standard

director = baculaclient1-dir = all, !skipped, !restored

}

2.2 baculaclient2的配置：

[root@balucaclient2 etc]# vim bacula-fd.conf #当前目录为/usr/local/bacula/etc

# Default Bacula File Daemon Configuration file

# For Bacula release 5.2.10 (28 June 2012) -- redhat

# There is not much to change here except perhaps the

# File daemon Name to

# List Directors who are permitted to contact this File daemon

Director {

Name = baculaserver-dir

Password = "eyBPuJuxa6pVSL9rN6K4KvpSNsR0JeoU/192.168.1.12"

}

# Restricted Director, used by tray-monitor to get the

# status of the file daemon

Director {

Name = baculaserver-mon

Password = "6svlrkgboyB/Tqt0b0AvqKk7l/1nIlbwbAbYEOL8tQBV"

Monitor = yes

}

# "Global" File daemon configuration specifications

FileDaemon { # this is me

Name = baculaclient1-fd

FDport = 9102 # where we listen for the director

WorkingDirectory = /usr/local/bacula/var/bacula/working

Pid Directory = /var/run

Maximum Concurrent Jobs = 20

}

# Send all messages except skipped files back to Director

Messages {

Name = Standard

director = baculaclient2-dir = all, !skipped, !restored

}

四、 bacula服务的启动

1. 在服务器端启动bacula的Director Daemon和Storage Daemon
1.1 启动方式一
[root@baculaserver etc]#/usr/local/bacula/etc/bacula {start|stop|restart|status}

1.2 启动方式二：分别管理各个配置端的方式，依次启动或关闭每个服务
[root@baculaserver etc]#/usr/local/bacula/etc/bacula-dir {start|stop|restart|status}
[root@baculaserver etc]#/usr/local/bacula/etc/bacula-sd {start|stop|restart|status}
[root@baculaserver etc]#/usr/local/bacula/etc/bacula-fd {start|stop|restart|status}
#由于fd端在baculaclient上，在此无需自动bacula-fd服务
[root@baculaserver etc]# netstat -tnpl | grep 910
tcp   0      0 0.0.0.0:9101                0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      1608/bacula-dir
tcp   0      0 0.0.0.0:9102                0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      1643/bacula-fd
tcp    0      0 0.0.0.0:9103                0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      1685/bacula-sd
#在启动bacula的所有服务前，必须启动MySQL数据库，否则连接bacula的控制端是会报错。

2. 在客户端启动bacula的File Daemon
[root@baculaclient etc]#/usr/local/bacula/etc/bacula {start|stop|restart|status}
[root@baculaclient etc]#/usr/local/bacula/etc/bacula-fd {start|stop|restart|status}
#由于baculaclient只做fd端，在此只需启动bacula-fd服务即可

五、bacula备份文件(做备份之前要建立/backup/192.168.1.11/web、/backup/192.168.1.11/database等目录）

1. 执行备份
1.1 第一次增量备份，默认会是一个完全备份 #备份前fd中文件有index1.html
*run
A job name must be specified.
The defined Job resources are:
1: 192.168.1.11_database_job

2: 192.168.1.11_web_job

3: 192.168.1.12_database_job

4: 192.168.1.12_web_job

5: Restore_192.168.1.11_web_job

6: Restore_192.168.1.11_database_job

7: Restore_192.168.1.12_web_job

8: Restore_192.168.1.12_database_job

Select Job resource (1-8): 2        #选择备份任务
Run Backup job
JobName: 192.168.1.11_web_job
Level:    Incremental
Client:   192.168.1.11-fd
FileSet: web_filese
Pool:     File (From Job resource)
Storage: 192.168.1.11_web_storage (From Job resource)
When:     2012-12-14 8:56:58
Priority: 12
OK to run? (yes/mod/no): yes
Job queued. JobId=1
#到处为止，可以开始备份了，在bacula-dir.conf文件中定义的192.168.1.11_web_job是一个增量备份，因此这个备份只是一个增量操作，由于是第一个备份，因此默认192.168.1.11_web_job会做一个完全备份，第二次备份时才执行增量备份

1.2 第二次增量备份，只做增量操作 #备份前fd中文件有index1.html、index2.html
*run
A job name must be specified.
The defined Job resources are:
1: 192.168.1.11_database_job

2: 192.168.1.11_web_job

3: 192.168.1.12_database_job

4: 192.168.1.12_web_job

5: Restore_192.168.1.11_web_job

6: Restore_192.168.1.11_database_job

7: Restore_192.168.1.12_web_job

8: Restore_192.168.1.12_database_job

*run
A job name must be specified.
The defined Job resources are:
1: 192.168.1.11_database_job

2: 192.168.1.11_web_job

3: 192.168.1.12_database_job

4: 192.168.1.12_web_job

5: Restore_192.168.1.11_web_job

6: Restore_192.168.1.11_database_job

7: Restore_192.168.1.12_web_job

8: Restore_192.168.1.12_database_job

OK to run? (yes/mod/no): mod #mod修改备份任务参数

Parameters to modify:
     1: Level
     2: Storage
     3: Job
     4: FileSet
     5: Client
     6: When
     7: Priority
     8: Pool
     9: Plugin Options
Select parameter to modify (1-9): 1   #1表示选择备份类别
Levels:
     1: Full
     2: Incremental
     3: Differential
     4: Since
     5: VirtualFull
Select level (1-5): 3                 #3表示差异备份
Run Backup job
JobName: 192.168.1.11_web_jobb
Level:    Differential
Client:   192.168.1.11-fd
FileSet: 192.168.1.11_web_storage
Pool:   File (From Job resource)
Storage: 192.168.1.11_web_storage (From Job resource)
When:     2012-12-14 9:00:15
Priority: 10
OK to run? (yes/mod/no): yes
Job queued. JobId=3

2. 查看备份状态
*status
Status available for:
     1: Director
     2: Storage
     3: Client
     4: All
Select daemon type for status (1-4): 1
2012-02-15-dir Version: 5.2.10 (14 June 2012) i686-pc-linux-gnu RedHat Enterprise release
Daemon started 14- 1212 09:00, 3 Jobs run since started.
Heap: heap=258,048 smbytes=65,799 max_bytes=113,185 bufs=204 max_bufs=231

Scheduled Jobs:
Level          Type     Pri Scheduled          Name               Volume
===================================================================================

Full Backup 58 14-Dec-12 00:00 192.168.1.11_database_job 2012-12-14-4

Incremental Backup 57 14-Dec-12 02:03 192.168.1.11_web_job 2012-12-14-4

Full Backup 58 14-Dec-12 00:20 192.168.1.12_database_job 2012-12-14-4

Full Backup 58 14-Dec-12 00:25 192.168.1.12_web_job 2012-12-14-4

====

Running Jobs:
Console connected at 14- 1212 09:00
No Jobs running.
====

Terminated Jobs:
JobId Level    Files      Bytes   Status   Finished        Name
====================================================================
     1 Full 2,400 97.14 M   OK       14-Dec-12 08:57 192.168.1.11_web_job
     2 Incr 88 10 M OK       14-Dec-12 08:58 192.168.1.11_web_job
     3 Diff 100 14 M   OK       14-Dec-12 08:59 192.168.1.11_web_job
#显示备份任务192.168.1.11_web_job第一次为完全备份，第二次为增量备份，第三次为差异备份。

3.查看备份文件
[root@baculaserver etc]# ls /backup/192.168.1.11/web
2012-12-14-1 2012-12-14-2 2012-12-14-3