REPMGR高可用+VIP方案

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李石岩 2021-01-18 14:03:26 博主文章分类：PostgreSQL ©著作权

文章标签 REPMGR高可用+VIP方案 文章分类 运维

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REPMGR高可用+VIP方案

大纲

l REPMGR软件介绍

l REPMGR工作流程介绍

l REPMGR架构简单讲解

l REPMGR工具介绍

l REPMGR安装部署

l REPMGR的failover测试

l REPMGR的VIP漂移

一、简介

1.1环境简介

主机名	角色	IP	开放端口
repmgr01	主库	10.10.10.201	6000
repmgr02	备库	10.10.10.202	6000
		10.10.10.111	6000

1.2 架构

二、 环境准备

2.1环境检查

l Repmgr01

#系统版本

[root@repmgr01 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release

CentOS Linux release 7.8.2003 (Core)

#内核版本

[root@repmgr01 ~]# uname -r

3.10.0-1127.el7.x86_64

#IP地址

[root@repmgr01 ~]# hostname -I

10.10.10.201

l Repmgr02

#系统版本

[root@repmgr01 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release

CentOS Linux release 7.8.2003 (Core)

#内核版本

[root@repmgr01 ~]# uname -r

3.10.0-1127.el7.x86_64

#IP地址

[root@repmgr01 ~]# hostname -I

10.10.10.202

2.2安装PostgreSQL

2.2.1 PostgreSQL安装

#安装依赖包

yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ openssl openssl-devel readline readline-devel zlib zlib-devel llvm5.0 llvm5.0-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel clang flex bison libevent-devel

#编译解压包

./configure --prefix=/home/postgres/soft --with-pgport=6000

#安装

gmake world -j24 && gmake install-world -j24

#配置环境变量

echo "export PGHOME=/home/postgres/soft" >> /home/postgres/.bashrc

echo "export PGDATA=/home/postgres/data" >> /home/postgres/.bashrc

echo "export PATH=\${PGHOME}/bin:\${PATH}" >> /home/postgres/.bashrc

#读取环境变量

source ~/.bashrc

#初始化数据库并启用 checksum校验

initdb -D $PGDATA -k

#启动数据库

pg_ctl start -D $PGDATA -l /tmp/logfile

#如果没有用postgres用户，则需要创建创建 postgres 超级用户并设置密码为 1qaz@WSX

CREATE USER postgres WITH SUPERUSER PASSWORD '1qaz@WSX';

#如果主机用户有postgres用户，修改密码

alter user postgres with password '1qaz@WSX';

#查询密码

psql -U postgres

select *from pg_shadow where usename = 'postgres';

#编辑 ~/.pgpass 文件，并配置 postgres 用户信息

[postgres@repmgr01 ~]$ vim .pgpass

10.10.10.201:5666:postgres:postgres:1qaz@WSX

[postgres@repmgr01 ~]$ chmod 0600 .pgpass

#打开日志收集功能

[postgres@repmgr01 ~]$ psql -U postgres -d postgres -Aqt

postgres=# ALTER SYSTEM SET logging_collector = on;

#日志存放路径为 /home/postgres/pglog

[postgres@repmgr01 ~]$ mkdir -p /home/postgres/pglog

[postgres@repmgr01 ~]$ chown postgres.postgres /home/postgres/pglog

#修改日志存放目录为 /home/postgres/pglog

[postgres@repmgr01 ~]$ psql -U postgres -d postgres -Aqt

postgres=# show log_directory ;

log

postgres=# ALTER SYSTEM SET log_directory = '/home/postgres/pglog';

#修改日志运行格式为 csvlog

#postgres=# show log_destination ;

postgres=# ALTER SYSTEM SET log_destination = csvlog;

#日志相关其它配置

[postgres@repmgr01 ~]$ psql -U postgres -d postgres -Aqt

ALTER SYSTEM SET listen_addresses = '*';

ALTER SYSTEM SET log_rotation_size = 0;

ALTER SYSTEM SET log_truncate_on_rotation = on;

ALTER SYSTEM SET log_line_prefix = '%m-%u-%d-%p';

ALTER SYSTEM SET log_checkpoints = off;

ALTER SYSTEM SET log_rotation_age = 1440;

ALTER SYSTEM SET log_filename = 'postgresql.%d';

ALTER SYSTEM SET full_page_writes = on;

#修改postgresql.conf

vi /home/postgres/data/postgresql.conf

port=6000

cluster_name= 'repmgr01'

listen_addresses = '*'

hot_standby=on

wal_log_hints=on

logging_collector=on

log_file_mode=0600

#放到最后

shared_preload_libraries='repmgr'

[pg10@repmgr01 ~]$ egrep -v "^#" $PGDATA/pg_hba.conf | egrep "md5"

local all postgres md5

host all postgres 0.0.0.0/0 md5

host all all 0.0.0.0/0 md5

#重新启动数据库

$ pg_ctl restart -D $PGDATA -l /tmp/logfile

2.3安装Repmgr

2.3.1 Repmgr安装

#编译安装

[postgres@repmgr01 resource]$ cd repmgr-5.1.0/

[postgres@repmgr01 repmgr-5.1.0]$ ./configure --prefix=/home/postgres/soft

[postgres@repmgr01 repmgr-5.1.0]$ make -j24 && make install -j24

#主库创建repmgr库存储元数据

create user repmgr superuser password '1qaz@WSX' ;

create database repmgr owner repmgr;

#配置.pgpass

[postgres@repmgr01 ~]$ cat .pgpass

10.10.10.201:6000:postgres:postgres:1qaz@WSX

10.10.10.202:6000:postgres:postgres:1qaz@WSX

10.10.10.201:6000:repmgr:repmgr:1qaz@WSX

10.10.10.202:6000:repmgr:repmgr:1qaz@WSX

[postgres@repmgr01 ~]$

#创建 repmgr 用户，权限为 superuser

[postgres@repmgr01 conf]$ psql -U postgres -d postgres

psql (10.14)

Type "help" for help.

postgres=# CREATE USER repmgr WITH SUPERUSER PASSWORD '1qaz@WSX';

CREATE ROLE

--编辑 pg_hba.conf 配置 repmgr 用户认证

[postgres@repmgr01 conf]$ egrep "repmgr" $PGDATA/pg_hba.conf

host all repmgr 0.0.0.0/0 trust #此行一定要放置于 all 的前面哦

host replication repmgr 10.10.10.0/24 trust

重新加载配置文件

[postgres@repmgr01 conf]$ pg_ctl reload

2.3.1 Repmgr配置文件

#节点一上配置repmgr.conf

touch /home/postgres/repmgr.conf

vi /home/postgres/repmgr.conf

#脚本内容

node_id=201

node_name='repmgr01'

conninfo='host=10.10.10.201 port=6000 user=repmgr dbname=repmgr connect_timeout=2'

data_directory= '/home/postgres/data'

replication_user= 'repmgr'

replication_type= 'physical'

repmgr_bindir= '/home/postgres/soft/bin'

pg_bindir= '/home/postgres/soft/bin'

monitoring_history=yes

monitor_interval_secs=5

log_level='debug'

log_file='/home/postgres/repmgr.log'

failover='automatic'

connection_check_type=ping

reconnect_attempts=3

reconnect_interval=10

promote_command='/home/postgres/repmgr_promote.sh'

follow_command='/home/postgres/repmgr_follow.sh %n'

#节点一上配置repmgr_promote.sh

vim repmgr_promote.sh

#脚本内容

#!/bin/bash

echo "["`date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"`"]: del VIP in 202 start" >> /home/postgres/repmgr.log

/bin/ssh -t postgres@10.10.10.202 "/bin/sudo /usr/sbin/ip addr del 10.10.10.111/24 dev ens37"

echo "["`date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"`"]: del VIP in 202 finish" >> /home/postgres/repmgr.log

echo "["`date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"`"]: promote start" >> /home/postgres/repmgr.log

/home/postgres/soft/bin/repmgr standby promote -f /home/postgres/repmgr.conf --log-to-file

echo "["`date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"`"]: promote finish" >> /home/postgres/repmgr.log

echo "["`date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"`"]: add VIP start" >> /home/postgres/repmgr.log

/bin/sudo /usr/sbin/ip addr add 10.10.10.111/24 dev ens37

echo "["`date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"`"]: add VIP finish" >> /home/postgres/repmgr.log

#节点一上配置repmgr_follow.sh

vim repmgr_follow.sh

#脚本内容

#! /bin/bash

echo "["`date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"`"]: follow $1" >> /home/postgres/repmgr.log

/home/postgres/soft/bin/repmgr standby follow -f /home/postgres/repmgr.conf --upstream-node-id=$1 --log-to-file

#节点二上配置repmgr.conf

vi /home/postgres/repmgr.conf

#脚本内容

node_id=202

node_name='repmgr02'

conninfo='host=10.10.10.202 port=6000 user=repmgr dbname=repmgr connect_timeout=2'

data_directory= '/home/postgres/data '

replication_user= 'repmgr'

replication_type= 'physical'

repmgr_bindir= '/home/postgres/soft/bin'

pg_bindir= '/home/postgres/soft/bin '

monitoring_history=yes

monitor_interval_secs=5

log_level='debug'

log_file='/home/postgres/repmgr.log'

failover='automatic'

connection_check_type=ping

reconnect_attempts=3

reconnect_interval=10

promote_command='/home/postgres/repmgr_promote.sh'

follow_command='/home/postgres/repmgr_follow.sh %n'

#节点二上配置repmgr_promote.sh

vim repmgr_promote.sh

#脚本内容

#!/bin/bash

echo "["`date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"`"]: del VIP in 201 start" >> /home/postgres/repmgr.log

/bin/ssh -t postgres@10.10.10.201 "/bin/sudo /usr/sbin/ip addr del 10.10.10.111/24 dev ens37"

echo "["`date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"`"]: del VIP in 201 finish" >> /home/postgres/repmgr.log

echo "["`date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"`"]: promote start" >> /home/postgres/repmgr.log

/home/postgres/soft/bin/repmgr standby promote -f /home/postgres/repmgr.conf --log-to-file

echo "["`date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"`"]: promote finish" >> /home/postgres/repmgr.log

echo "["`date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"`"]: add VIP start" >> /home/postgres/repmgr.log

/bin/sudo /usr/sbin/ip addr add 10.10.10.111/24 dev ens37

echo "["`date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"`"]: add VIP finish" >> /home/postgres/repmgr.log

#节点二上配置 repmgr_follow.sh

vim repmgr_follow.sh

#脚本内容

#! /bin/bash

echo "["`date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"`"]: follow $1" >> /home/postgres/repmgr.log

/home/postgres/soft/bin/repmgr standby follow -f /home/postgres/repmgr.conf --upstream-node-id=$1 --log-to-file

2.4 Repmgr配置后注册

2.4.1 主节点配置

#节点一主节点注册

repmgr -f /home/postgres/repmgr.conf primary register

#注册之后查看

repmgr -f /home/postgres/repmgr.conf cluster show

[postgres@repmgr01 ~]$ repmgr -f /home/postgres/repmgr.conf cluster show

DEBUG: connecting to: "user=repmgr connect_timeout=2 dbname=repmgr host=10.10.10.201 port=6000 fallback_application_name=repmgr"

-----+----------+---------+-----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------

[postgres@repmgr01 ~]$

2.4.1 从节点配置

#从节点安装PostgreSQL后，安装Repmgr跟节点1的步骤相似，现在要删除节点二上的$PGDATA目录，删除后执行以下操作

[postgres@repmgr02 ~]$ repmgr -h repmgr01 -p6000 -U repmgr -d repmgr -f /home/postgres/repmgr.conf --dry-run standby clone

NOTICE: destination directory "/home/postgres/data" provided

INFO: connecting to source node

DETAIL: connection string is: host=repmgr01 port=6000 user=repmgr dbname=repmgr

DETAIL: current installation size is 30 MB

INFO: "repmgr" extension is installed in database "repmgr"

DEBUG: 1 node records returned by source node

DEBUG: connecting to: "user=repmgr connect_timeout=2 dbname=repmgr host=10.10.10.201 port=6000 fallback_application_name=repmgr"

DEBUG: upstream_node_id determined as 201

INFO: parameter "max_wal_senders" set to 10

NOTICE: checking for available walsenders on the source node (2 required)

INFO: sufficient walsenders available on the source node

DETAIL: 2 required, 10 available

NOTICE: checking replication connections can be made to the source server (2 required)

INFO: required number of replication connections could be made to the source server

DETAIL: 2 replication connections required

NOTICE: standby will attach to upstream node 201

HINT: consider using the -c/--fast-checkpoint option

INFO: all prerequisites for "standby clone" are met

#如果上述显示成功则执行以下

[postgres@repmgr02 ~]$ repmgr -h repmgr01 -p6000 -U repmgr -d repmgr -f /home/postgres/repmgr.conf standby clone

NOTICE: destination directory "/home/postgres/data" provided

INFO: connecting to source node

DETAIL: connection string is: host=repmgr01 port=6000 user=repmgr dbname=repmgr

DETAIL: current installation size is 30 MB

DEBUG: 1 node records returned by source node

DEBUG: connecting to: "user=repmgr connect_timeout=2 dbname=repmgr host=10.10.10.201 port=6000 fallback_application_name=repmgr"

DEBUG: upstream_node_id determined as 201

NOTICE: checking for available walsenders on the source node (2 required)

NOTICE: checking replication connections can be made to the source server (2 required)

INFO: creating directory "/home/postgres/data"...

NOTICE: starting backup (using pg_basebackup)...

HINT: this may take some time; consider using the -c/--fast-checkpoint option

INFO: executing:

/home/postgres/soft/bin/pg_basebackup -l "repmgr base backup" -D /home/postgres/data -h repmgr01 -p 6000 -U repmgr -X stream

DEBUG: create_recovery_file(): creating "/home/postgres/data/recovery.conf"...

DEBUG: recovery.conf line: standby_mode = 'on'

DEBUG: recovery.conf line: primary_conninfo = 'host=10.10.10.201 port=6000 user=repmgr application_name=repmgr02 connect_timeout=2'

DEBUG: recovery.conf line: recovery_target_timeline = 'latest'

NOTICE: standby clone (using pg_basebackup) complete

NOTICE: you can now start your PostgreSQL server

HINT: for example: pg_ctl -D /home/postgres/data start

HINT: after starting the server, you need to register this standby with "repmgr standby register"

#注册从库

repmgr -f /home/postgres/repmgr.conf standby register

[postgres@repmgr02 data]$ repmgr -f /home/postgres/repmgr.conf standby register

INFO: connecting to local node "repmgr02" (ID: 202)

DEBUG: connecting to: "user=repmgr connect_timeout=2 dbname=repmgr host=10.10.10.202 port=6000 fallback_application_name=repmgr"

INFO: connecting to primary database

DEBUG: connecting to: "user=repmgr connect_timeout=2 dbname=repmgr host=10.10.10.201 port=6000 fallback_application_name=repmgr"

WARNING: --upstream-node-id not supplied, assuming upstream node is primary (node ID 201)

INFO: standby registration complete

NOTICE: standby node "repmgr02" (ID: 202) successfully registered

#查看节点一上数据库是否能够显示

[postgres@repmgr01 ~]$ repmgr -f /home/postgres/repmgr.conf cluster show

DEBUG: connecting to: "user=repmgr connect_timeout=2 dbname=repmgr host=10.10.10.201 port=6000 fallback_application_name=repmgr"

DEBUG: connecting to: "user=repmgr connect_timeout=2 dbname=repmgr host=10.10.10.202 port=6000 fallback_application_name=repmgr"

DEBUG: connecting to: "user=repmgr connect_timeout=2 dbname=repmgr host=10.10.10.201 port=6000 fallback_application_name=repmgr"

-----+----------+---------+-----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------

[postgres@repmgr01 ~]$

#节点一上添加vip

/bin/sudo /usr/sbin/ip addr add 10.10.10.111/24 dev ens37

#节点二上查询

[postgres@repmgr02 data]$ psql -h 10.10.10.111 -p 6000 -U repmgr

psql (11.5)

Type "help" for help.

repmgr=# \q

[postgres@repmgr01 ~]$ repmgr -f /home/postgres/repmgr.conf cluster show

DEBUG: connecting to: "user=repmgr connect_timeout=2 dbname=repmgr host=10.10.10.201 port=6000 fallback_application_name=repmgr"

DEBUG: connecting to: "user=repmgr connect_timeout=2 dbname=repmgr host=10.10.10.202 port=6000 fallback_application_name=repmgr"

DEBUG: connecting to: "user=repmgr connect_timeout=2 dbname=repmgr host=10.10.10.201 port=6000 fallback_application_name=repmgr"

-----+----------+---------+-----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------

#配置守护进程

注意配置

shared_preload_libraries = 'repmgr'

create table t(id int);

[postgres@repmgr01 ~]$ repmgrd -f ~/repmgr.conf -d

[2021-01-18 02:17:56] [NOTICE] redirecting logging output to "/home/postgres/repmgr.log"

[postgres@repmgr01 ~]$ repmgrd -f ~/repmgr.conf -d

[2021-01-18 02:17:56] [NOTICE] redirecting logging output to "/home/postgres/repmgr.log"

三、 VIP漂移测试

3.1 强杀主节点PG服务

[postgres@repmgr01 ~]$ ps -ef|grep postgres

postgres 2169 1 0 01:08 pts/0 00:00:00 /home/postgres/soft/bin/postgres -D /home/postgres/data

postgres 2170 2169 0 01:08 ? 00:00:00 postgres: repmgr01: logger

postgres 2172 2169 0 01:08 ? 00:00:00 postgres: repmgr01: checkpointer

postgres 2173 2169 0 01:08 ? 00:00:00 postgres: repmgr01: background writer

postgres 2174 2169 0 01:08 ? 00:00:00 postgres: repmgr01: walwriter

postgres 2175 2169 0 01:08 ? 00:00:00 postgres: repmgr01: autovacuum launcher

postgres 2176 2169 0 01:08 ? 00:00:00 postgres: repmgr01: stats collector

postgres 2177 2169 0 01:08 ? 00:00:00 postgres: repmgr01: logical replication launcher

root 2506 1700 0 01:19 pts/0 00:00:00 su - postgres

postgres 2507 2506 0 01:19 pts/0 00:00:00 -bash

postgres 2933 2169 0 01:38 ? 00:00:00 postgres: repmgr01: walsender repmgr 10.10.10.202(41464) streaming 0/3000660

postgres 2943 2507 0 01:38 pts/0 00:00:00 ps -ef

postgres 2944 2507 0 01:38 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto postgres

[postgres@repmgr01 ~]$ kill -9 2169

#查看

[postgres@repmgr01 ~]$ ps -ef|grep postgres

root 2506 1700 0 01:19 pts/0 00:00:00 su - postgres

postgres 2507 2506 0 01:19 pts/0 00:00:00 -bash

postgres 2967 2507 0 01:39 pts/0 00:00:00 ps -ef

postgres 2968 2507 0 01:39 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto postgres

[postgres@repmgr01 ~]$ repmgr -f /home/postgres/repmgr.conf cluster show

DEBUG: connecting to: "user=repmgr connect_timeout=2 dbname=repmgr host=10.10.10.201 port=6000 fallback_application_name=repmgr"

ERROR: connection to database failed

DETAIL:

could not connect to server: Connection refused

Is the server running on host "10.10.10.201" and accepting

TCP/IP connections on port 6000?

DETAIL: attempted to connect using:

user=repmgr connect_timeout=2 dbname=repmgr host=10.10.10.201 port=6000 fallback_application_name=repmgr

[postgres@repmgr01 ~]$

#节点二上查看

[postgres@repmgr02 ~]$ repmgr -f /home/postgres/repmgr.conf cluster show

DEBUG: connecting to: "user=repmgr connect_timeout=2 dbname=repmgr host=10.10.10.202 port=6000 fallback_application_name=repmgr"

DEBUG: connecting to: "user=repmgr connect_timeout=2 dbname=repmgr host=10.10.10.201 port=6000 fallback_application_name=repmgr"

DEBUG: connecting to: "user=repmgr connect_timeout=2 dbname=repmgr host=10.10.10.202 port=6000 fallback_application_name=repmgr"

DEBUG: connecting to: "user=repmgr connect_timeout=2 dbname=repmgr host=10.10.10.201 port=6000 fallback_application_name=repmgr"

-----+----------+---------+---------------+------------+----------+----------+----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------

WARNING: following issues were detected

- unable to connect to node "repmgr01" (ID: 201)

- node "repmgr01" (ID: 201) is registered as an active primary but is unreachable

- unable to connect to node "repmgr02" (ID: 202)'s upstream node "repmgr01" (ID: 201)

- unable to determine if node "repmgr02" (ID: 202) is attached to its upstream node "repmgr01" (ID: 201)

HINT: execute with --verbose option to see connection error messages

[postgres@repmgr02 ~]$ ip addr

#恢复节点1

[postgres@repmgr01 data]$ pg_ctl start -D $PGDATA -l /tmp/logfile

pg_ctl: another server might be running; trying to start server anyway

waiting for server to start.... done

server started

[postgres@repmgr01 data]$ pg_ctl stop -D $PGDATA -l /tmp/logfile

waiting for server to shut down.... done

server stopped

#重新加入集群

[postgres@repmgr01 data]$ repmgr -f /home/postgres/repmgr.conf node rejoin -d 'host=10.10.10.111 port=6000 user=repmgr dbname=repmgr connect_timeout=2' --force-rewind

DEBUG: connecting to: "user=repmgr connect_timeout=2 dbname=repmgr host=10.10.10.202 port=6000 fallback_application_name=repmgr"

DEBUG: local tli: 1; local_xlogpos: 0/3030850; follow_target_history->tli: 1; follow_target_history->end: 0/30303B0

NOTICE: pg_rewind execution required for this node to attach to rejoin target node 202

DETAIL: rejoin target server's timeline 2 forked off current database system timeline 1 before current recovery point 0/3030850

NOTICE: executing pg_rewind

DETAIL: pg_rewind command is "/home/postgres/soft/bin/pg_rewind -D '/home/postgres/data' --source-server='host=10.10.10.202 port=6000 user=repmgr dbname=repmgr connect_timeout=2'"

NOTICE: 0 files copied to /home/postgres/data

NOTICE: setting node 201's upstream to node 202

DEBUG: create_recovery_file(): creating "/home/postgres/data/recovery.conf"...

DEBUG: recovery.conf line: standby_mode = 'on'

DEBUG: recovery.conf line: primary_conninfo = 'user=repmgr connect_timeout=2 host=10.10.10.202 port=6000 application_name=repmgr01'

DEBUG: recovery.conf line: recovery_target_timeline = 'latest'

WARNING: unable to ping "host=10.10.10.201 port=6000 user=repmgr dbname=repmgr password=1qaz@WSX connect_timeout=2"

DETAIL: PQping() returned "PQPING_NO_RESPONSE"

NOTICE: starting server using "/home/postgres/soft/bin/pg_ctl -w -D '/home/postgres/data' start"

NOTICE: NODE REJOIN successful

DETAIL: node 201 is now attached to node 202

#节点二上查询集群状态

[postgres@repmgr02 data]$ repmgr -f /home/postgres/repmgr.conf cluster show

DEBUG: connecting to: "user=repmgr password=1qaz@WSX connect_timeout=2 dbname=repmgr host=10.10.10.202 port=6000 fallback_application_name=repmgr"

DEBUG: connecting to: "user=repmgr connect_timeout=2 dbname=repmgr host=10.10.10.201 port=6000 fallback_application_name=repmgr"

DEBUG: connecting to: "user=repmgr connect_timeout=2 dbname=repmgr host=10.10.10.202 port=6000 fallback_application_name=repmgr"

-----+----------+---------+-----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------

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