一、私有库配置
有时候使用Docker Hub这样的公共仓库可能不方便（有时候无法访问），用户可以创建一个本地仓库供私人使用，这里介绍如何配置使用本地仓库。网络上配置docker私有仓库的方法不少，有借助Docker Hub的，也有直接使用别人创建好的私有仓库的，这里简单介绍使用官方提供的工具docker-registry来配置私有库
服务器：centos7.x x86_64 IP：10.0.90.25 docker版本：Docker version 1.12.0, build 8eab29e
1、使用官方提供的工具来配置
docker-registry 是官方提供的工具，可以用于构建私有的镜像仓库。
首先查看原有的镜像 #docker p_w_picpaths REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE web new dcca36f7ba99 7 days ago 269.2 MB testweb new 890b0964f807 7 days ago 194.6 MB centos centos6 a3c09d36ab4a 3 weeks ago 194.6 MB centos latest 970633036444 3 weeks ago 196.7 MB
2、然后获取官方 registry 镜像
#docker pull registry Using default tag: latest latest: Pulling from library/registry e110a4a17941: Pull complete 2ee5ed28ffa7: Pull complete d1562c23a8aa: Pull complete 06ba8e23299f: Pull complete 802d2a9c64e8: Pull complete Digest: sha256:1b68f0d54837c356e353efb04472bc0c9a60ae1c8178c9ce076b01d2930bcc5d Status: Downloaded newer p_w_picpath for registry:latest 查看是否pull成功 # docker p_w_picpaths REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE web new dcca36f7ba99 7 days ago 269.2 MB testweb new 890b0964f807 7 days ago 194.6 MB centos centos6 a3c09d36ab4a 3 weeks ago 194.6 MB centos latest 970633036444 3 weeks ago 196.7 MB registry latest c6c14b3960bd 3 weeks ago 33.28 MB #表示已经成功了
3、基于私有仓库镜像运行容器
#docker run -d -p 5000:5000 -v /opt/data/registry:/tmp/registry registry a08a501701eba97c8f56fbc9b63e6f356dec1283b6c07f0f931639b4514b3838 查看运行的容器 #docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 0d79735868cd centos "/bin/bash" Less than a second ago Exited (137) Less than a second ago centos7 43b66a52f166 centos:centos6 "/bin/bash" Less than a second ago Exited (137) Less than a second ago server1 a08a501701eb registry "/entrypoint.sh /etc/" 3 seconds ago Up 3 seconds 0.0.0.0:5000->5000/tcp high_bardeen #已经运行了
PS：这里说明一下，默认情况下，仓库会被创建在容器的/tmp/registry目录下，但是可以通过-v参数来将镜像文件存放在本地的指定路径。
例如上面的例子是将上传的镜像放到/opt/data/registry 目录
#docker run -d -p 5000:5000 -v /opt/data/registry:/tmp/registry registry
访问私有仓库：
#curl 127.0.0.1:5000/v1/search #不知道什么原因，我测试的时候使用curl提示404
404 page not found
#curl 127.0.0.1:5000/v1/search #网上有一个例子，提示如下信息；
{"num_results": 0, "query": "", "results": []} //私有仓库为空，没有提交新镜像到仓库中4、创建镜像链接或为基础镜像打个标签
#docker tag registry 127.0.0.1:5000/ssh #这里选择为registry镜像打标签 [root@docker ~]# docker p_w_picpaths REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE web new dcca36f7ba99 7 days ago 269.2 MB testweb new 890b0964f807 7 days ago 194.6 MB centos centos6 a3c09d36ab4a 3 weeks ago 194.6 MB centos latest 970633036444 3 weeks ago 196.7 MB 127.0.0.1:5000/ssh latest c6c14b3960bd 3 weeks ago 33.28 MB registry latest c6c14b3960bd 3 weeks ago 33.28 MB
5、提交镜像到本地私有仓库中
#docker push 127.0.0.1:5000/ssh The push refers to a repository [127.0.0.1:5000/ssh] 3bb5bc5ad373: Pushed 35039a507f7a: Pushed d00444e19d65: Pushed aa3a31ee27f3: Pushed 4fe15f8d0ae6: Pushed latest: digest: sha256:51d8869caea35f58dd6a2309423ec5382f19c4e649b5d2c0e3898493f42289d6 size: 1363 注意：没报错，应该push成功了！查看私有仓库是否存在对应的镜像，依然提示404 #curl 127.0.0.1:5000/v1/search 404 page not found
二、测试私有库是否可用
说明：centos6.x x86_64 IP：10.0.90.26 docker 版本：Docker version 1.7.1, build 786b29d/1.7.1
1、在另外一台centos6.x系统测试pull功能，如下：
#docker pull 10.0.90.25:5000/ssh Error response from daemon: invalid registry endpoint https://10.0.90.25:5000/v0/: unable to ping registry endpoint https://10.0.90.25:5000/v0/ v2 ping attempt failed with error: Get https://10.0.90.25:5000/v2/: tls: oversized record received with length 20527 v1 ping attempt failed with error: Get https://10.0.90.25:5000/v1/_ping: tls: oversized record received with length 20527. If this private registry supports only HTTP or HTTPS with an unknown CA certificate, please add `--insecure-registry 10.0.90.25:5000` to the daemon's arguments. In the case of HTTPS, if you have access to the registry's CA certificate, no need for the flag; simply place the CA certificate at /etc/docker/certs.d/10.0.90.25:5000/ca.crt 报错了，根据提示需要创建证书或者添加--insecure-registry 10.0.90.25:5000作为docker启动参数，先测试更换启动参数，看是否可以解决问题，先kill掉docker进程，再添加参数启动，如下 #/usr/bin/docker -d --insecure-registry 10.0.90.25:5000 & # ps aux | grep docker root 1980 0.1 1.5 583928 16184 pts/0 Sl 17:16 0:02 /usr/bin/docker -d --insecure-registry 10.0.90.25:5000 已经启动了，继续pull私有仓库的镜像到本地 #docker pull 10.0.90.25:5000/ssh INFO[0006] POST /v1.19/p_w_picpaths/create?fromImage=10.0.90.25%3A5000%2Fssh%3Alatest latest: Pulling from 10.0.90.25:5000/ssh 9b7301678506: Pull complete d912f6ed534e: Pull complete 664daba008e5: Pull complete 33e9a84661e7: Pull complete 5366f93a80af: Pull complete 8d1f9ff6843f: Pull complete 79a50c6b6f41: Pull complete 94c689ffd50b: Pull complete ad8da6d14f6d: Pull complete Digest: sha256:a80c28adf17579da93b681893f663bf7625e0012c53c304294f1c328a0d27d9b Status: Downloaded newer p_w_picpath for 10.0.90.25:5000/ssh:latest 查看 #docker p_w_picpaths INFO[2107] GET /v1.19/p_w_picpaths/json REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE centos centos6 429d551fa7ee Less than a second ago 194.6 MB centos latest b62568c09fa0 Less than a second ago 196.7 MB 10.0.90.25:5000/ssh latest ad8da6d14f6d Less than a second ago 33.28 MB 可以看到pull成功了。
2、测试push一个centos镜像并在centos6.x测试pull
先在centos7.x操作，上传一个centos6镜像到私有库中：
#docker p_w_picpaths REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE web new dcca36f7ba99 7 days ago 269.2 MB testweb new 890b0964f807 7 days ago 194.6 MB centos centos6 a3c09d36ab4a 3 weeks ago 194.6 MB centos latest 970633036444 3 weeks ago 196.7 MB 127.0.0.1:5000/ssh latest c6c14b3960bd 3 weeks ago 33.28 MB registry latest c6c14b3960bd 3 weeks ago 33.28 MB [root@docker ~]# docker tag centos:centos6 127.0.0.1:5000/centos6 #标记centos6镜像为127.0.0.1:5000/centos6 [root@docker ~]# docker p_w_picpaths REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE web new dcca36f7ba99 7 days ago 269.2 MB testweb new 890b0964f807 7 days ago 194.6 MB 127.0.0.1:5000/centos6 latest a3c09d36ab4a 3 weeks ago 194.6 MB centos centos6 a3c09d36ab4a 3 weeks ago 194.6 MB centos latest 970633036444 3 weeks ago 196.7 MB 127.0.0.1:5000/ssh latest c6c14b3960bd 3 weeks ago 33.28 MB registry latest c6c14b3960bd 3 weeks ago 33.28 MB 上传到私有库 [root@docker ~]# docker push 127.0.0.1:5000/centos6 #会看到push的进度 The push refers to a repository [127.0.0.1:5000/centos6] 6b5c6954e3d5: Pushing [==========================> ] 102.6 MB/194.6 MB push完成之后，显示如下信息 [root@docker ~]# docker push 127.0.0.1:5000/centos6 The push refers to a repository [127.0.0.1:5000/centos6] 6b5c6954e3d5: Pushed latest: digest: sha256:f7378a219c2a1d189e2e6a9bedc1b05ed3bb60de32ad24a9ad8e8ef8152c52c4 size: 529
然后到centos6.x去pull这个centos6镜像：
#docker pull 10.0.90.25:5000/centos6 #pull进度可以看到 INFO[2640] POST /v1.19/p_w_picpaths/create?fromImage=10.0.90.25%3A5000%2Fcentos6%3Alatest latest: Pulling from 10.0.90.25:5000/centos6 3690474eb5b4: Pull complete c12ea02d7eb2: Extracting [===================================> ] 48.46 MB/68.76 MB 334af8693ca8: Download complete 273a1eca2d3a: Download complete 成功之后，显示如下： #docker pull 10.0.90.25:5000/centos6 INFO[2640] POST /v1.19/p_w_picpaths/create?fromImage=10.0.90.25%3A5000%2Fcentos6%3Alatest latest: Pulling from 10.0.90.25:5000/centos6 3690474eb5b4: Pull complete c12ea02d7eb2: Pull complete 334af8693ca8: Pull complete 273a1eca2d3a: Pull complete Digest: sha256:3e4b73f8e13d8527f06cfd34d6c2cfdd16cce76ee7215a29379ae82015b312c9 Status: Downloaded newer p_w_picpath for 10.0.90.25:5000/centos6:latest 查看新pull的centos6镜像 # docker p_w_picpaths INFO[2650] GET /v1.19/p_w_picpaths/json REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE 10.0.90.25:5000/centos6 latest 273a1eca2d3a Less than a second ago 194.6 MB centos centos6 429d551fa7ee Less than a second ago 194.6 MB centos latest b62568c09fa0 Less than a second ago 196.7 MB 10.0.90.25:5000/ssh latest ad8da6d14f6d Less than a second ago 33.28 MB 如上信息，可以看到centos6已经在镜像列表中了！ 使用该镜像创建一个容器，进行测试 #docker run -d -it --privileged=false -p 80:80 --name webserver 10.0.90.25:5000/centos6 /bin/bash INFO[2804] POST /v1.19/containers/create?name=webserver 63e4642a253a592bcf0eb3a9dd12a6363eb7c018b00eced66b9d20c1f4ca0898 INFO[2804] POST /v1.19/containers/63e4642a253a592bcf0eb3a9dd12a6363eb7c018b00eced66b9d20c1f4ca0898/start [root@test ~]# docker ps -a INFO[2810] GET /v1.19/containers/json?all=1 CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 63e4642a253a 10.0.90.25:5000/centos6 "/bin/bash" 6 seconds ago Up 5 seconds 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp webserver 进入该容器 # docker attach 63e4642a253a INFO[2838] GET /v1.19/containers/63e4642a253a/json INFO[2838] POST /v1.19/containers/63e4642a253a/resize?h=68&w=207 INFO[2838] POST /v1.19/containers/63e4642a253a/attach?stderr=1&stdin=1&stdout=1&stream=1 [root@63e4642a253a /]# 安装httpd并启动 [root@63e4642a253a /]# yum install httpd -y [root@63e4642a253a ~]# service httpd start Starting httpd: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 172.17.0.1 for ServerName [ OK ] [root@63e4642a253a ~]# netstat -tunlp #端口已经启动 Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name tcp 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN 119/httpd
三、关于tls证书在centos6.x和centos7.x报错的一些解决方法
PS：配置docker私有仓库，在pull私有仓库时会遇到tls相关的问题，报错信息类似：
Error response from daemon: invalid registry endpoint https://10.0.90.25:5000/v0/: unable to ping registry endpoint https://10.0.90.25:5000/v0/ v2 ping attempt failed with error: Get https://10.0.90.25:5000/v2/: tls: oversized record received with length 20527 v1 ping attempt failed with error: Get https://10.0.90.25:5000/v1/_ping: tls: oversized record received with length 20527. If this private registry supports only HTTP or HTTPS with an unknown CA certificate, please add `--insecure-registry 10.0.90.25:5000` to the daemon's arguments. In the case of HTTPS, if you have access to the registry's CA certificate, no need for the flag; simply place the CA certificate at /etc/docker/certs.d/10.0.90.25:5000/ca.crt
根据提示信息可以大致了解到是和证书有关系，解决方式也给到了，要么添加额外参数直接信任，要么直接通过其他反方（比如openssl）生成证书，这里介绍添加参数来解决这个报错。
1、在centos6.x系统
第一种方式：
在centos6.x系统上安装的docker-io是会在/etc/init.d/下生成启动脚本文件docker的，修改这个文件，如下：
#vi /etc/init.d/docker #找到如下行； prog="docker" exec="/usr/bin/$prog" 将其修改为如下 prog="docker" exec="/usr/bin/$prog --insecure-registry 10.0.90.25:5000" #相当于在-d参数后面添加--insecure-registry参数 保存退出，重新启动docker，如下： # service docker restart Stopping docker: [ OK ] /etc/init.d/docker: line 43: [: too many arguments #会提示这个，忽略 Starting docker: [ OK ] [root@test ~]# ps aux | grep docker root 3240 2.2 1.1 222248 12184 pts/0 Sl 22:19 0:00 /usr/bin/docker --insecure-registry 10.0.90.25:5000 -d root 3295 0.0 0.0 103244 860 pts/0 R+ 22:19 0:00 grep docker 然后再使用pull的时候，就不会报错了！
第二种方式：
在centos6.x系统上安装的docker，会在/etc/sysconfig/目录下生成docker文件，在其中修改other_args参数就可以（原本是空的other_args=），如下：
#vi /etc/sysconfig/docker #将other_args修改为这样： other_args="--insecure-registry 10.0.90.25:5000" 然后重启docker #service docker restart Stopping docker: [ OK ] Starting docker: [ OK ] 查看进程 # ps aux | grep docker root 3588 0.5 2.0 387316 20532 pts/0 Sl 22:29 0:02 /usr/bin/docker -d --insecure-registry 10.0.90.25:5000 root 3932 0.0 0.0 103244 864 pts/0 S+ 22:36 0:00 grep docker
PS：自己创建的私有库，如果只供自己使用的话，使用这2种方式是可行的，如果是要让公网的其他人也使用，就需要tls（配置证书）认证了！
2、在centos7.x系统
如果没有配置证书信任，执行pull私有库的时候，也会出现和centos6.x系统上一样的错误。虽然不像centos6.x系统可以修改/etc/sysconfig/docker来添加docker启动参数，但是也是有文件可以修改的
#cat /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service [Unit] Description=Docker Application Container Engine Documentation=https://docs.docker.com After=network.target [Service] Type=notify # the default is not to use systemd for cgroups because the delegate issues still # exists and systemd currently does not support the cgroup feature set required # for containers run by docker ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID # Having non-zero Limit*s causes performance problems due to accounting overhead # in the kernel. We recommend using cgroups to do container-local accounting. LimitNOFILE=infinity LimitNPROC=infinity LimitCORE=infinity # Uncomment TasksMax if your systemd version supports it. # Only systemd 226 and above support this version. #TasksMax=infinity TimeoutStartSec=0 # set delegate yes so that systemd does not reset the cgroups of docker containers Delegate=yes # kill only the docker process, not all processes in the cgroup KillMode=process [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target 修改文件中的ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd，修改为： ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd --insecure-registry x.x.x.x:5000 然后重启docker，查看进程 # ps aux | grep docker root 15431 6.8 0.6 514268 25448 ? Ssl 16:42 0:00 /usr/bin/dockerd --insecure-registry x.x.x.x:5000 #这里的x.x.x.x是私有库的ip地址 root 15438 0.8 0.1 144220 5916 ? Ssl 16:42 0:00 docker-containerd -l unix:///var/run/docker/libcontainerd/docker-containerd.sock --shim docker-containerd-shim --metrics-interval=0 --start-timeout 2m --state-dir /var/run/docker/libcontainerd/containerd --runtime docker-runc root 15543 0.0 0.0 112652 976 pts/0 S+ 16:42 0:00 grep --color=auto docker
这样再次在centos7.x上pull私有库的时候，就不会报tls（证书）相关的错误了。
参考链接：http://467754239.blog.51cto.com/4878013/1638770
初学docker，不足之处，请多多指出！
