第一种:Thread

new Thread(() =>
{
//执行代码块
}).Start();
// GET: api/BackgroundWorker
[HttpGet]
[Route("start")]
public void StartWorker()
{

//写法1:
//Thread thread = new Thread(this.DoBackGroundWork);

//写法2:
Thread thread = new Thread(() => DoBackGroundWork());
thread.Start();

//写法3:
new Thread(() =>
{
//执行代码块
//...
}).Start();

}

public void DoBackGroundWork()
{
//执行代码块
//...
}

第二种:BackgroundWorker

BackgroundWorker barInvoker = new BackgroundWorker();
barInvoker.DoWork += delegate
{
//执行代码块
};
barInvoker.RunWorkerAsync();

参考文档

ASP.NET WEBAPI c# gives 404 on DELETE
​​​ https://stackoverflow.com/questions/19846975/asp-net-webapi-c-sharp-gives-404-on-delete​

c#-ASP.NET Web Api,线程中的数据库连接
​​​ http://www.cocoachina.com/articles/92267​