下面的步骤详细的说明了在Oracle 11gR2 RAC Database环境下使用emca配置集群dbconsole遇到的部分问题及解决的方法。
1.数据库环境。
Oracle Exadata Machine x4-2
Oracle RAC Database 11.2.0.4.6 for Linux x86_64bit
[root@dm01db01 ~]# uname -r
2.6.39-400.126.1.el5uek
2.使用EMCA创建EM。
[root@dm01db01 ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@dm01db01 ~]$ emca -config dbcontrol db -repos create -cluster
......
ORA-12514: TNS:listener does not currently know of service requested in connect descriptor
......
收到ORA-12514报错。
emca工具输出的日志被存放在$GRID_BASE/cfgtoollogs/emca目录下。
查看/u01/app/grid/cfgtoollogs/emca/emca_2014_06_18_10_26_50.log日志：
......
Jun 18, 2014 10:27:17 AM oracle.sysman.emcp.util.GeneralUtil initSQLEngineRemotely
CONFIG: SQLEngine connecting with Service Name: +ASM, oracleHome: /u01/app/11.2.0.4/grid, and user: ASMSNMP scan name: dm01-scan scan port: 1521
Jun 18, 2014 10:27:17 AM oracle.sysman.emcp.util.GeneralUtil initSQLEngineRemotely
WARNING: Error during db connection : ORA-12514: TNS:listener does not currently know of service requested in connect descriptor
Jun 18, 2014 10:27:17 AM oracle.sysman.emcp.util.GeneralUtil initSQLEngineRemotely
CONFIG: Waiting for 5 second before reconnection
Jun 18, 2014 10:27:22 AM oracle.sysman.emcp.util.GeneralUtil initSQLEngineRemotely
CONFIG: SQLEngine connecting with Service Name: +ASM, oracleHome: /u01/app/11.2.0.4/grid, and user: ASMSNMP host: dm01db02 port: 1521
Jun 18, 2014 10:27:22 AM oracle.sysman.emcp.util.GeneralUtil initSQLEngineRemotely
CONFIG: SQLEngine created successfully and connected
Jun 18, 2014 10:27:22 AM oracle.sysman.emcp.ParamsManager setParam
CONFIG: Setting param: CONFIRMATION ANSWER value:
Jun 18, 2014 10:27:28 AM oracle.sysman.emcp.ParamsManager setParam
CONFIG: Setting param: CONFIRMATION ANSWER value: no
从最后面的日志可以看出，报ORA-12514错误的原因是不能通过SCAN LISTENER连接到ASM实例，说明ASM实例没有向SCAN LISTENER动态注册。
3.ASM实例向SCAN LISTENER动态注册。
[root@dm01db01 ~]# su - grid
[grid@dm01db01 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysasm
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Wed Jun 18 23:18:09 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Real Application Clusters and Automatic Storage Management options
SQL> show parameter spfile
NAME TYPE
------------------------------------ ---------------------------------
VALUE
------------------------------
spfile string
+DBFS_DG/cluster-clu1/asmparam
eterfile/registry.253.84996746
5
SQL> show parameter remote
NAME TYPE
------------------------------------ ---------------------------------
VALUE
------------------------------
remote_listener string
remote_login_passwordfile string
EXCLUSIVE
remote_os_authent boolean
FALSE
remote_os_roles boolean
FALSE
SQL> alter system set remote_listener='dm01-scan:1521';
System altered.
SQL> alter system register;
System altered.
SQL> show parameter remote_listener
NAME
TYPE
------------------------------------ ---------------------------------
VALUE
------------------------------
remote_listener string
dm01-scan:1521
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Real Application Clusters and Automatic Storage Management options
[grid@dm01db01 ~]$ lsnrctl status listener_scan1
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 18-JUN-2014 23:19:09
Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=LISTENER_SCAN1)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER_SCAN1
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
Start Date 17-JUN-2014 12:25:14
Uptime 1 days 10 hr. 53 min. 55 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u01/app/11.2.0.4/grid/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u01/app/11.2.0.4/grid/log/diag/tnslsnr/dm01db01/listener_scan1/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=LISTENER_SCAN1)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=10.0.3.16)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "+ASM" has 2 instance(s).
Instance "+ASM1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Instance "+ASM2", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "tequdb" has 2 instance(s).
Instance "tequdb1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Instance "tequdb2", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
4.再次使用EMCA创建EM。
[root@dm01db01 ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@dm01db01 ~]$ emca -config dbcontrol db -repos create -cluster
STARTED EMCA at Jun 18, 2014 11:19:44 PM
EM Configuration Assistant, Version 11.2.0.3.0 Production
Copyright (c) 2003, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Enter the following information:
Database unique name: tequdb
Service name: tequdb
Listener port number: 1521
Listener ORACLE_HOME [ /u01/app/11.2.0.4/grid ]:
Password for SYS user:
Password for DBSNMP user:
Password for SYSMAN user:
Cluster name: cluster-clu1
Email address for notifications (optional):
Outgoing Mail (SMTP) server for notifications (optional):
ASM ORACLE_HOME [ /u01/app/11.2.0.4/grid ]:
ASM port [ 1521 ]:
ASM username [ ASMSNMP ]:
ASM user password:
-----------------------------------------------------------------
You have specified the following settings
Database ORACLE_HOME ................ /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1
Database instance hostname ................ Listener ORACLE_HOME ................ /u01/app/11.2.0.4/grid
Listener port number ................ 1521
Cluster name ................ cluster-clu1
Database unique name ................ tequdb
Email address for notifications ...............
Outgoing Mail (SMTP) server for notifications ...............
ASM ORACLE_HOME ................ /u01/app/11.2.0.4/grid
ASM port ................ 1521
ASM user role ................ SYSDBA
ASM username ................ ASMSNMP
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Do you wish to continue? [yes(Y)/no(N)]: y
Jun 18, 2014 11:20:26 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMConfig perform
INFO: This operation is being logged at /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/emca/tequdb/emca_2014_06_18_23_19_44.log.
Jun 18, 2014 11:20:40 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMReposConfig createRepository
INFO: Creating the EM repository (this may take a while) ...
Jun 18, 2014 11:20:40 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMReposConfig createRepository
WARNING: ORA-28003: password verification for the specified password failed
ORA-20006: Password too simple
Jun 18, 2014 11:20:40 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMReposConfig invoke
SEVERE: Error creating the repository
Jun 18, 2014 11:20:40 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMReposConfig invoke
INFO: Refer to the log file at /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/emca/tequdb/emca_repos_create_<date>.log for more details.
Jun 18, 2014 11:20:40 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMConfig perform
SEVERE: Error creating the repository
Refer to the log file at /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/emca/tequdb/emca_2014_06_18_23_19_44.log for more details.
Could not complete the configuration. Refer to the log file at /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/emca/tequdb/emca_2014_06_18_23_19_44.log for more details.
这个告警参考如下MOS文章：
EMCA: RepManager Fails With Password Verification Error ORA-28003 (文档 ID 779098.1)
修改时间:2013-10-23 
类型:PROBLEM
In this Document
| Symptoms |
| Cause |
| Solution |
| References |
| This document is being delivered to you via Oracle Support's Rapid Visibility (RaV) process and therefore has not been subject to an independent technical review. |
APPLIES TO:
Enterprise Manager Base Platform - Version 10.2.0.1 to 10.2.0.5 [Release 10.2]
Information in this document applies to any platform.
Checked for relevance on 22-Oct-2013
SYMPTOMS
While using EMCA to create DB Console repository, this fails with:
CONFIG: ORA-28003: password verification for the specified password failed
ORA-20003: Password should contain at least one \
CAUSE
This is treated in internal BUG 4195090.
SOLUTION
a) Disable the Password verification
b) Create the Repository
c) Enable the password verification.
Note: For disabling the password verification function, Note 114930.1 can be used. For example:
SQL> alter profile default limit password_verify_function null;
5.禁用密码验证函数。
[root@dm01db01 ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@dm01db01 ~]$ sql
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Wed Jun 18 23:29:28 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,
Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL> set linesize 200
SQL> set pagesize 200
SQL> select * from dba_profiles where profile='DEFAULT';
PROFILE RESOURCE_NAME RESOURCE LIMIT
------------------------------ -------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------------------
DEFAULT COMPOSITE_LIMIT KERNEL UNLIMITED
DEFAULT SESSIONS_PER_USER KERNEL UNLIMITED
DEFAULT CPU_PER_SESSION KERNEL UNLIMITED
DEFAULT CPU_PER_CALL KERNEL UNLIMITED
DEFAULT LOGICAL_READS_PER_SESSION KERNEL UNLIMITED
DEFAULT LOGICAL_READS_PER_CALL KERNEL UNLIMITED
DEFAULT IDLE_TIME KERNEL UNLIMITED
DEFAULT CONNECT_TIME KERNEL UNLIMITED
DEFAULT PRIVATE_SGA KERNEL UNLIMITED
DEFAULT FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS PASSWORD 10
DEFAULT PASSWORD_LIFE_TIME PASSWORD UNLIMITED
DEFAULT PASSWORD_REUSE_TIME PASSWORD UNLIMITED
DEFAULT PASSWORD_REUSE_MAX PASSWORD UNLIMITED
DEFAULT PASSWORD_VERIFY_FUNCTION PASSWORD VERIFY_FUNCTION_11G
DEFAULT PASSWORD_LOCK_TIME PASSWORD 1
DEFAULT PASSWORD_GRACE_TIME PASSWORD 7
16 rows selected.
SQL> alter profile default limit password_verify_function null;
Profile altered.
6.使用EMCA创建EM。
[oracle@dm01db01 ~]$ emca -config dbcontrol db -repos create -cluster
STARTED EMCA at Jun 18, 2014 11:30:26 PM
EM Configuration Assistant, Version 11.2.0.3.0 Production
Copyright (c) 2003, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Enter the following information:
Database unique name: tequdb
Service name: tequdb
Listener port number: 1521
Listener ORACLE_HOME [ /u01/app/11.2.0.4/grid ]:
Password for SYS user:
Password for DBSNMP user:
Password for SYSMAN user:
Cluster name: cluster-clu1
Email address for notifications (optional):
Outgoing Mail (SMTP) server for notifications (optional):
ASM ORACLE_HOME [ /u01/app/11.2.0.4/grid ]:
ASM port [ 1521 ]:
ASM username [ ASMSNMP ]:
ASM user password:
-----------------------------------------------------------------
You have specified the following settings
Database ORACLE_HOME ................ /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1
Database instance hostname ................ Listener ORACLE_HOME ................ /u01/app/11.2.0.4/grid
Listener port number ................ 1521
Cluster name ................ cluster-clu1
Database unique name ................ tequdb
Email address for notifications ...............
Outgoing Mail (SMTP) server for notifications ...............
ASM ORACLE_HOME ................ /u01/app/11.2.0.4/grid
ASM port ................ 1521
ASM user role ................ SYSDBA
ASM username ................ ASMSNMP
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Do you wish to continue? [yes(Y)/no(N)]: y
Jun 18, 2014 11:31:01 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMConfig perform
INFO: This operation is being logged at /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/emca/tequdb/emca_2014_06_18_23_30_26.log.
Jun 18, 2014 11:31:14 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMReposConfig createRepository
INFO: Creating the EM repository (this may take a while) ...
Jun 18, 2014 11:33:54 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMReposConfig invoke
INFO: Repository successfully created
Jun 18, 2014 11:34:03 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMReposConfig uploadConfigDataToRepository
INFO: Uploading configuration data to EM repository (this may take a while) ...
Jun 18, 2014 11:34:50 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMReposConfig invoke
INFO: Uploaded configuration data successfully
Jun 18, 2014 11:34:50 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMDBCConfig instantiateOC4JConfigFiles
INFO: Propagating /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1/oc4j/j2ee/OC4J_DBConsole_dm01db01_tequdb to remote nodes ...
Jun 18, 2014 11:34:52 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMDBCConfig instantiateOC4JConfigFiles
INFO: Propagating /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1/oc4j/j2ee/OC4J_DBConsole_dm01db02_tequdb to remote nodes ...
Jun 18, 2014 11:34:54 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMAgentConfig deployStateDirs
INFO: Propagating /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1/dm01db01_tequdb to remote nodes ...
Jun 18, 2014 11:34:55 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMAgentConfig deployStateDirs
INFO: Propagating /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1/dm01db02_tequdb to remote nodes ...
Jun 18, 2014 11:34:58 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.util.DBControlUtil secureDBConsole
INFO: Securing Database Control (this may take a while) ...
Jun 18, 2014 11:35:39 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.util.DBControlUtil startOMS
INFO: Starting Database Control (this may take a while) ...
Jun 18, 2014 11:36:03 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMDBPostConfig performConfiguration
INFO: Database Control started successfully
Jun 18, 2014 11:36:03 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMDBPostConfig performConfiguration
INFO: >>>>>>>>>>> The Database Control URL is https://dm01db01.tequ.com:1158/em <<<<<<<<<<<
Jun 18, 2014 11:46:24 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMDBPostConfig showClusterDBCAgentMessage
INFO:
**************** Current Configuration ****************
INSTANCE NODE DBCONTROL_UPLOAD_HOST
---------- ---------- ---------------------
tequdb dm01db01 dm01db01.tequ.com
tequdb dm01db02 dm01db01.tequ.com
Jun 18, 2014 11:46:24 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMDBPostConfig invoke
WARNING:
************************ WARNING ************************
Management Repository has been placed in secure mode wherein Enterprise Manager data will be encrypted. The encryption key has been placed in the file: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1/dm01db01_tequdb/sysman/config/emkey.ora. Ensure this file is backed up as the encrypted data will become unusable if this file is lost.
***********************************************************
Enterprise Manager configuration completed successfully
FINISHED EMCA at Jun 18, 2014 11:46:24 PM
成功创建EM。
7.重新启用密码验证函数。
SQL> alter profile default limit password_verify_function VERIFY_FUNCTION_11G;
Profile altered.
SQL> select * from dba_profiles;
PROFILE RESOURCE_NAME RESOURCE LIMIT
------------------------------ -------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------------------
DEFAULT COMPOSITE_LIMIT KERNEL UNLIMITED
DEFAULT SESSIONS_PER_USER KERNEL UNLIMITED
DEFAULT CPU_PER_SESSION KERNEL UNLIMITED
DEFAULT CPU_PER_CALL KERNEL UNLIMITED
DEFAULT LOGICAL_READS_PER_SESSION KERNEL UNLIMITED
DEFAULT LOGICAL_READS_PER_CALL KERNEL UNLIMITED
DEFAULT IDLE_TIME KERNEL UNLIMITED
DEFAULT CONNECT_TIME KERNEL UNLIMITED
DEFAULT PRIVATE_SGA KERNEL UNLIMITED
DEFAULT FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS PASSWORD 10
DEFAULT PASSWORD_LIFE_TIME PASSWORD UNLIMITED
DEFAULT PASSWORD_REUSE_TIME PASSWORD UNLIMITED
DEFAULT PASSWORD_REUSE_MAX PASSWORD UNLIMITED
DEFAULT PASSWORD_VERIFY_FUNCTION PASSWORD VERIFY_FUNCTION_11G
DEFAULT PASSWORD_LOCK_TIME PASSWORD 1
DEFAULT PASSWORD_GRACE_TIME PASSWORD 7
16 rows selected.
配置完成后检查是否能够正常的登录EM工具，另外还有两点需要注意：
1).emca是用操作系统oracle用户执行的。
2).不能使用IP地址访问EM工具，一定使用机器名访问，例如：https://dm01db01.tequ.com:1158/em
同时这篇文章也是对《
构建最高可用Oracle数据库系统：Oracle 11gR2 RAC管理、维护与性能优化
》的10.6.2小节的补充和完善。
