利用Asp.net中的AJAX制作网页上自动选取开始日期及结束日期的用户自定义控件

   前段时间用过一个酒店入住预约网站，当你点击"入住时间"时会悬浮出一对并列的日历，然后点击左边的日历就能选择入住时间，点击右侧的日历就能自动得到离店时间，当时没有太留意是怎么实现的，现在在做项目时，需要这样的日期选择功能，又到了那个网站查看了源代码，发现好像是用js和div做出来的，在网上找了很多博客，希望得到这样的代码，但是都不尽如人意，由于我一点都不会js，这个模块又很重要，所以干脆自己做一个用户自定义控件吧，功能是实现了，但是美感和代码质量是一定比不上在客户端做了，如果有路过的朋友知道用js和div做我如下的效果，请一定给小女我留言，给我指点下迷津。

   第一步：制作自定义用户控件datecontrol.ascx，为了实现部分页面刷新，使用了vs2008中的Ajax控件组，在页面拖放scriptmanagerproxy及updatepanel控件，在updatepanel中放入一个label1、一个textbox1、一个button1，给button的text之中加入一个向下的箭头（可以从word文档中粘贴一个特殊符号▼，当然如果你有合适的ico也可以拖放一个p_w_picpathbutton，修饰的更漂亮一些），然后在这三个并排的控件后加一个<br>，另起一行加入一个标准的calendar1（web）控件，实现效果是当点击button1时，才出现calendar1，textbox1的值就是选择的日期，label1提供了一个只写属性，给这个日历控件定义使用说明，如label1.value=“入店时间"或"开始时间"等。我们来看一下客户端源代码:

1<%@ Control Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="datecontrol.ascx.cs" Inherits="datecontrol" %>        
2                        <asp:ScriptManagerProxy ID="ScriptManagerProxy1" runat="server">
3</asp:ScriptManagerProxy>
4                         <asp:UpdatePanel ID="UpdatePanel1" runat="server">
5                                <ContentTemplate>
6                                        <asp:Label ID="Label1" runat="server"></asp:Label>
7                                        <asp:TextBox ID="TextBox1" runat="server" ValidationGroup="a"></asp:TextBox>
8                                        <asp:Button ID="Button1" runat="server" Font-Size="XX-Small"    
9                                                ForeColor="#006600" Height="22px" onclick="Button1_Click" Text="▼"    
10                                                Width="19px" /><br>
11                                        <asp:Calendar ID="Calendar1" runat="server" BackColor="White"    
12                                                BorderColor="#3366CC" BorderWidth="1px" CellPadding="1"    
13                                                DayNameFormat="Shortest" Font-Names="Verdana" Font-Size="8pt"    
14                                                ForeColor="#003399" Height="82px"    
15                                                onselectionchanged="Calendar1_SelectionChanged" Width="297px"    
16                                                Visible="False">
17                                                <SelectedDayStyle BackColor="#009999" Font-Bold="True" ForeColor="#CCFF99" />
18                                                <SelectorStyle BackColor="#99CCCC" ForeColor="#336666" />
19                                                <WeekendDayStyle BackColor="#CCCCFF" />
20                                                <TodayDayStyle BackColor="#99CCCC" ForeColor="White" />
21                                                <OtherMonthDayStyle ForeColor="#999999" />
22                                                <NextPrevStyle Font-Size="8pt" ForeColor="#CCCCFF" />
23                                                <DayHeaderStyle BackColor="#99CCCC" ForeColor="#336666" Height="1px" />
24                                                <TitleStyle BackColor="#003399" BorderColor="#3366CC" BorderWidth="1px"    
25                                                        Font-Bold="True" Font-Size="10pt" ForeColor="#CCCCFF" Height="25px" />
26                                        </asp:Calendar>                                        
27                                </ContentTemplate>
28                        </asp:UpdatePanel>

设计页面的效果图如下：

第二步：实现自定义控件服务器端代码：

1using System.Linq;
2using System.Web;
3using System.Web.Security;
4using System.Web.UI;
5using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;
6using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
7using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;
8using System.Xml.Linq;
9
10public partial class datecontrol : System.Web.UI.UserControl
11{    
12        protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
13        {            
14        }
15        //在拖放日历控件是，先把它的visible=“false”；点击button是日历控件显示出来。
16        protected void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
17        {
18                this.Calendar1.Visible = true;            
19        }    
20     //在日历控件的选中事件中写textbox1获取选中的日期的方法，并且选择后，日历再隐藏。
21        protected void Calendar1_SelectionChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
22        {
23                this.TextBox1.Text = Calendar1.SelectedDate.ToShortDateString();
24                this.Calendar1.Visible = false;
25        }
26        //提供一个只读属性，可以得到textbox1的内容text
27        public string DateStr
28        {
29                get
30                {
31                        return TextBox1.Text;
32                }
33        }
34        //提供一个只写属性，可以按照你的用法自己填写它的内容。
35        public string LableText
36        {
37                set { Label1.Text = value; }
38        }
39}

 这样一个自定义的日历控件就写完了。

第三步：具体使用。现在我们来看一下具体怎么用这个自定义控件，下面是我现在做的一个项目，有个页面hisotrytime.aspx中用到时间段查询，我就使用了在这个页面中使用了两个自定义的日历控件，拖放到页面上的<tr>中，他们分别是date1、date2.在使用这个控件时，因为用到了Ajax，就必须加入一个scriptmanager，具体为什么加，小女因为没学过Ajax，只是在报错时vs提示必须加我就加上了，结果好用。现在还没有时间好好研究为什么，将来一定苦心专研技术，希望路过的朋友们提出自己的见解，我好吸取你的精华，加入到我的hisotrytime.aspx页面的效果图是这样的。

设置自定义控件中lableText的只写属性（我们自己封装好的只写属性第二步中的第35行），添加内容“开始时间：”，date2中lableText=“结束时间”；

        在页面hisotrytime.aspx中添加一个p_w_picpathbutton1，图片显示为“开始搜索”，也将是选择完开始时间和结束时间后，点击搜索，我的GridView7中，就填充好所有符合条件的数据，看一下我hisotrytime.aspx页面的客服端代码：

1using System;
2using System.Collections;
3using System.Configuration;
4using System.Data;
5using System.Linq;
6using System.Web;
7using System.Web.Security;
8using System.Web.UI;
9using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;
10using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
11using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;
12using System.Xml.Linq;
13
14public partial class Teacher_hisotrytime : System.Web.UI.Page
15{
16        string constr = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["constr"].ConnectionString;
17        DataOperate DO = new DataOperate();
18        string marketid;
19        string year;
20        string sql;
21            
22        protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
23        {
24                if (!this.IsPostBack)
25                {//这个页面下面（我没有截图的部分）是一个点击GridView7中的button列所产生的数据显示，我放到一个panel1中，页面第一次加载是不体现，当点击button传入主键后才会显示。
26                        this.Panel1.Visible = false;                                        
27                }
28                //用一个隐藏控件保存主键，这样页面加载后不会丢失主键。
29                marketid = HiddenField1.Value;
30        }
31        protected void ImageButton1_Click1(object sender, ImageClickEventArgs e)
32        {
33             string begindate= this.date1 .DateStr;//利用自定义控件的只读属性得到textbox中的text日期值作为开始时间
34             string enddate = this.date2.DateStr;//利用自定义控件的只读属性得到textbox中的text日期值作为结束时间
35             //当用户没有选取日期时，为避免报错，就直接获取当前时间
36                if (begindate == "")
37             {
38                     begindate = DateTime.Now.ToShortDateString();
39             }
40             if (enddate == "")
41             {
42                     enddate = DateTime.Now.ToShortDateString();
43             }
44             //在market表中查询符合我时间段的数据，利用数据源绑定控件SqlDataSource6，直接填充到GridView7中
45             sql = "select * from market    where    marketdate between    '" + begindate + "'    and    '" + enddate + "'";
46                //getdatatable（）方法是我写的一个数据处理方法，返回查询满足sql条件的datatable。
47                DataTable dt = DO.GetDataTable(sql);
48                Label1.Text = "共有" + dt.Rows.Count + "个市场";
49                SqlDataSource6.ConnectionString = constr;
50                SqlDataSource6.SelectCommand = sql;
51                GridView7.DataSourceID = ;
52        }
53    //下面是对GridView7做操作，目的是点击GridView7中的button列得到主键，我现在正在筹划一个GridView系列专题，会具体讲解下面的代码。
54             protected void GridView7_RowCommand(object sender, GridViewCommandEventArgs e)
55        {
56                if (e.CommandName == "cksj")//当鼠标点击的所有命令名中是“cksj”的事件命令时发生如下：
57                {
58                        marketid = e.CommandArgument.ToString();
59                        HiddenField1.Value = marketid;
60                        this.Panel1.Visible = true;
61                        gv6fill();
62                        yearlist();
63                }
64        }

第四步：写客户端的js脚本，提示开始时间不能大于结束时间，因为本人基本上不会js，所以从网上找到了一个获得当前时间的一个js的代码，在这里谢谢这位仁兄，下面我们来看一下客户端源代码。

    1<asp:Content ID="Content1" ContentPlaceHolderID="head" Runat="Server">
    2        <style type="text/css">
    3        .style1
    4        {
    5                width: 100%;
    6        }
    7                .style4
    8                {
    9                        width: 660px;
10                }
11                
12                .style6
13                {
14                        height: 15px;
15                }
16        </style>
17</asp:Content>
18<asp:Content ID="Content2" ContentPlaceHolderID="ContentPlaceHolder1" Runat="Server">
19<script language="javascript" >
20function getDate()
21{
22     var d,s,t;
23    d=new Date();
24    s=d.getFullYear().toString(10)+"-";
25    t=d.getMonth()+1;
26    s+=(t>9?"":"0")+t+"-";
27    t=d.getDate();
28    s+=(t>9?"":"0")+t+" ";
29//    t=d.getHours();
30//    s+=(t>9?"":"0")+t+":";
31//    t=d.getMinutes();
32//    s+=(t>9?"":"0")+t+":";
33//    t=d.getSeconds();
34//    s+=(t>9?"":"0")+t;
35    return s;
36}
37function bj()
38{
39if(document .getElementById ("ctl00$ContentPlaceHolder1$date1$TextBox1").value=="")
40{
41var begin=getDate ();
42}
43else    
44{
45var begin=document.getElementById ("ctl00$ContentPlaceHolder1$date1$TextBox1").value;
46}
47if(document .getElementById ("ctl00$ContentPlaceHolder1$date2$TextBox1").value=="")
48{
49var end=getDate ();
50}
51else    
52{
53var end= document.getElementById ("ctl00$ContentPlaceHolder1$date2$TextBox1").value;
54}
55if(begin>end)
56{
57alert ("开始时间大于结束时间！");
58return false ;
59}
60else
61{
62return true ;
63}
64
65}
66
67</script>
68        <table class="style1">
69                <tr>
70                        <td style="font-weight: bold; font-size: x-large; color: #800000" colspan="2">
71                                <asp:ScriptManager ID="ScriptManager1" runat="server">
72                                </asp:ScriptManager>
73                                按创建时间查找市场    
74                                                                        <asp:ImageButton ID="ImageButton1" runat="server" Height="26px"    
75                                                                                ImageUrl="~/ICO/kaishi.gif" OnClientClick="return bj();"     Width="79px" />
76                                                                </td>
77                </tr>
78                                                        <tr>
79                                                                <td style="font-weight: bold; font-size:large; color: #800000" align="left"    
80                                                                        valign="top">
81                                                                        <uc1:date ID="date1" runat="server" LableText="开始时间：" />
82                                                                </td>
83                                                                        <td style="font-weight: bold; font-size:large; color: #800000" align="left"    
84                                                                        valign="top">
85                                                                        <uc1:date ID="date2" runat="server" LableText="结束时间：" />
86                                                                </td>
87                                                        </tr>
88                                                        <tr>
89                                                                <td style="font-weight: bold; font-size:large; color: #800000" align="left"    
90                                                                        colspan="2">
91                                                                        <asp:Label ID="Label1" runat="server"></asp:Label>
92                                                                        <asp:SqlDataSource ID="SqlDataSource6" runat="server"></asp:SqlDataSource>
93                                                                </td>
94                                                        </tr>
95                                                        <tr>
96                        <td class="style4" align="left" colspan="2">
97                                <asp:GridView ID="GridView7" runat="server" AutoGenerateColumns="False"    
98                                        BackColor="White" BorderColor="#999999" BorderStyle="Solid" BorderWidth="1px"    
99                                        CellPadding="3" ForeColor="Black" GridLines="Vertical" Width="107%"    
100                                        onrowcommand="GridView7_RowCommand" DataKeyNames="id" >
101                                        <FooterStyle BackColor="#CCCCCC" />
102                                        <Columns>
103                                                <asp:BoundField DataField="marketname" HeaderText="市场名称" />
104                                                <asp:BoundField DataField="marketpass" HeaderText="市场密码" />
105                                                <asp:BoundField DataField="marketyear" HeaderText="市场年份" />
106                                                <asp:BoundField DataField="groupnum" HeaderText="市场组数" />
107                                                <asp:BoundField DataField="csxj" HeaderText="初始现金" />
108                                                <asp:BoundField DataField="marketdate" HeaderText="市场创建时间" />
109                                                <asp:BoundField DataField="marketbz" HeaderText="市场描述" />
110                                                <asp:BoundField DataField="marketover" HeaderText="市场完成情况"    />
111                                                <asp:TemplateField HeaderText="查看市场详情">
112                                                        <ItemTemplate>
113                                                                <asp:LinkButton ID="LinkButton1" runat="server" CommandArgument='<%#Eval("id") %>'    
114                                                                        CommandName="cksj">查看本市场企业数据</asp:LinkButton>
115                                                        </ItemTemplate>
116                                                </asp:TemplateField>
117                                        </Columns>
118                                        <PagerStyle BackColor="#999999" ForeColor="Black" HorizontalAlign="Center" />
119                                        <SelectedRowStyle BackColor="#000099" Font-Bold="True" ForeColor="White" />
120                                        <HeaderStyle BackColor="Black" Font-Bold="True" ForeColor="White" />
121                                        <AlternatingRowStyle BackColor="#CCCCCC" />
122                                        <EmptyDataTemplate>温馨提示：当前没有任何记录</EmptyDataTemplate>
123                                </asp:GridView>
124                        </td>
125                </tr>

 第20行的getdate（）方法是获取当前时间，第37行bj（）方法是比较开始时间不能大于结束时间，否则弹出对话款提示错误，在这里要说一下，39和47中的一串看似很奇怪的代码就是执行我的hisotry.aspx页面后，ie把我的自定义控件date1、date2中的textbox翻译成我们看到的源代码，找到这个源代码后，才能在客户端的脚本中判断它的.value了。

以上就是我总结的获取时间的日历控件的步骤，希望大家能用得上。