23种设计模式----抽象工厂模式----创建型模式

接下来我将使用一个例子（有关于车的）来说明，这些是例子中出现的角色：
工厂工具：这是一个工具类，作用就是根据传入的值通过反射找到对应的类，最后生成对应类的对象并返回。
车的行为接口：定义了作为一个车这个东西，应该具有的行为，这是一个接口。
车的属性实体：定义了车的一些基本的属性，这是一个普通类。
属性工厂：车的属性的工厂类，这是一个普通类。

注意：属性工厂实际意义上并不是工厂模式的实现，而是一个普通类，拥有一个方法用于返回创建的属性对象，因为属性对象是一个普通类，所以，本类也是一个普通类。
因为方法类似工厂类，所以叫做属性工厂类。

抽象零件工厂：所有实现零件工厂的基类或者接口（ps:我是使用基类继承机制实现的，不过也可以使用接口的方式实现）
抽象产品工厂：所有实现产品工厂的基类或者接口（同抽象零件工厂）

把车抽象了4种零件：
刹车
轮胎
发动机
外壳
测试类：Main方法主方法

3.抽象部分设计

3.1抽象产品–机动车


/**
 * 机动车
 * 定义一个机动车
 *
 */
public abstract class Motor extends CarField implements Car{

  public Motor(String name) {
    super(name);
  }

  //最重要的一点，也是机动车和非机动车一般意义上最大的区别
  public abstract void needOil();
  
  public abstract void needPaper();
  
  public abstract void saySelf();
}

3.2抽象产品–非机动车

/**
 * 非机动车
 *
 */
public abstract class NoMotor extends CarField implements Car{

  public NoMotor(String name) {
    super(name);
  }
  
  //非机动车环保
  public abstract void environment();
  
  public abstract void saySelf();
}

3.3抽象零件–刹车

//刹车
public interface Brake {

  //刹车的类型
  public abstract void type();
  
}

3.4抽象零件–轮胎

//车轮
public interface Cycl {

  //车轮能干什么,车轮的一些特点
  public abstract void show();
  
}

3.5抽象零件–发动机

//发动机
public interface Engine {

  public abstract void performance();
  
}

3.6抽象零件–车外壳

//车外壳
public interface FrameCar {

  //外壳的特点
  public abstract void characteristic();
  
}

3.7抽象零件工厂

//抽象零件工厂(可以接口实现)
public abstract class PartFactory extends AbsFactory{

  // 创建抽象零件
  public abstract Brake createBrake();

  public abstract Cycl createCycl();

  public abstract Engine createEngine();

  public abstract FrameCar createFrameCar();
  
}

3.8抽象产品工厂


import java.awt.Color;

//抽象产品工厂
public abstract class ProductFactory extends AbsFactory {

  // 抽象产品
  // 创建机动车或者非机动车
  // 创建机动车的步骤
  // 这里的name具体车的name
  public Motor createMotor(String name) {
    // 1.确定车的名字
    CarField carField = FieldFactory.createCarField(name, 4, Color.RED);
    carField.saySelf();
    // 2.车的零件
    PartFactory partFactory = (PartFactory) PartFactory.getFactory(name
        + "PartFactory");
    Brake brake = partFactory.createBrake();
    if (brake == null)
      System.out.println("ProductFactory#createMotor--no brake");
    else
      brake.type();
    Cycl cycl = partFactory.createCycl();
    if (cycl == null)
      System.out.println("ProductFactory#createMotor--no cycl");
    else
      cycl.show();
    Engine engine = partFactory.createEngine();
    if (engine == null)
      System.out.println("ProductFactory#createMotor--no engine");
    else
      engine.performance();
    FrameCar frameCar = partFactory.createFrameCar();
    if (frameCar == null)
      System.out.println("ProductFactory#createMotor--no frameCar");
    else
      frameCar.characteristic();
    // 3.组装车
    Motor motor = getMotor(name + "Motor");
    if (motor == null) {
      System.out.println("ProductFactory#createMoto--no Motor");
      return null;
    }
    motor.canRun();
    motor.canCarryingPeople();
    motor.canCarryingThing();
    motor.needOil();
    motor.needPaper();
    motor.saySelf();
    return motor;
  }

  protected abstract Motor getMotor(String name);

  public NoMotor createNoMotor(String name) {
    // 1.确定车的名字
    CarField carField = FieldFactory.createCarField(name, 4, Color.RED);
    carField.saySelf();
    // 2.车的零件
    PartFactory partFactory = (PartFactory) PartFactory.getFactory(name
        + "PartFactory");
    Brake brake = partFactory.createBrake();
    if (brake == null)
      System.out.println("ProductFactory#createNoMotor--no brake");
    else
      brake.type();
    Cycl cycl = partFactory.createCycl();
    if (cycl == null)
      System.out.println("ProductFactory#createNoMotor--no cycl");
    else
      cycl.show();
    Engine engine = partFactory.createEngine();
    if (engine == null)
      System.out.println("ProductFactory#createNoMotor--no engine");
    else
      engine.performance();
    FrameCar frameCar = partFactory.createFrameCar();
    if (frameCar == null)
      System.out.println("ProductFactory#createNoMotor--no frameCar");
    else
      frameCar.characteristic();
    // 3.组装车
    NoMotor noMotor = getNoMotor(name);
    if(noMotor == null){
      System.out.println("ProductFactory#createNoMotor--no NoMotor");
      return null;
    }
    noMotor.canCarryingPeople();
    noMotor.canCarryingThing();
    noMotor.canRun();
    noMotor.environment();
    noMotor.saySelf();
    return noMotor;
  }

  protected abstract NoMotor getNoMotor(String name);

}

4.实体类

4.1实体接口–车


/**
 * 定义一个车的行为
 * 1.能跑
 * 2.能拉人
 * 3.能拉货
 *
 */

public interface Car {

  void canRun();
  
  void canCarryingPeople();
  
  void canCarryingThing();
  
}

4.2实体类–车属性


import java.awt.Color;

public class CarField {

  //车的名字
  private String name;

  // 车轮的个数
  private Integer wheel;

  // 车的颜色
  private Color color;

  public void saySelf(){
    System.out.println("CarField#sayself");
    System.out.println("name:"+name);
    System.out.println("wheel:"+wheel);
    System.out.println("color:"+color.toString());
  }
  
  // 机动车的名字从出厂的那一刻起，就确定了
  public CarField(String name) {
    this.name = name;
  }
  
  // 某些车只有车头，可以更换车厢之类的
  public Integer getWheel() {
    return wheel;
  }

  public Color getColor() {
    return color;
  }

  public void setColor(Color color) {
    this.color = color;
  }

  public void setWheel(Integer wheel) {
    this.wheel = wheel;
  }

  public String getName() {
    return name;
  }
}

4.3实体类–车属性工厂

import java.awt.Color;
//属性工厂
public class FieldFactory{

  // 创建属性
  public static CarField createCarField(String name, Integer wheel, Color color) {
    CarField carField = new CarField(name);
    carField.setWheel(wheel);
    carField.setColor(color);
    return carField;
  }
  
}

4.4实体类–工厂工具

"cn.com.startimes.AbstractFactory." 这段字符串就是你的包的名称，注意还有点


//工厂工具类
public class AbsFactory {

  public static AbsFactory getFactory(String className){
    AbsFactory absFactory = null;
    try{
      absFactory = (AbsFactory) Class.forName("cn.com.startimes.AbstractFactory."+className).newInstance();
    } catch (ClassNotFoundException exception){
      System.err.println("ClassNotFound");
    } catch (InstantiationException e) {
      System.err.println("Instantiation");
    } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
      System.err.println("IllegalAccess");
    }
    return absFactory;
  }
  
}

5.零件具体实现

5.1 刹车零件–盘刹

//盘刹
public class PanBrake implements Brake{

  @Override
  public void type() {
    System.out.println("PanBrake#type");
  }

}

5.2 刹车零件–鼓刹

//鼓刹
public class GuBrake implements Brake{

  @Override
  public void type() {
    System.out.println("GuBrake#type");
  }

}

5.3 轮胎零件–真空胎

//真空胎
public class VacuoCycl implements Cycl{

  @Override
  public void show() {
    System.out.println("VacuoCycl#show");
  }

}

5.4 轮胎零件–内外胎

//内外胎
public class DoubleCycl implements Cycl{

  @Override
  public void show() {
    System.out.println("DoubleCycl#show");
  }

}

5.5 发动机零件–汽油

//汽油发动机
public class GasEngine implements Engine{

  @Override
  public void performance() {
    System.out.println("GasEngine#performance");
  }

}

5.6发动机零件–柴油

//柴油发动机
public class DervEngine implements Engine{

  @Override
  public void performance() {
    System.out.println("DervEngine#performance");
  }

}

5.7 车外壳零件–钢铁

//钢铁外壳
public class SteelFrameCar implements FrameCar{

  @Override
  public void characteristic() {
    System.out.println("SteelFrameCar#characteristic");
  }

}

5.8 车外壳零件–橡胶

//橡胶外壳
public class RubberFrameCar implements FrameCar{

  @Override
  public void characteristic() {
    System.out.println("RubberFrameCar#characteristic");
  }

}

6.零件工厂实现

6.1BMW

//BMW车
public class BMWPartFactory extends PartFactory{

  @Override
  public Brake createBrake() {
    Brake brake = new PanBrake();
    brake.type();
    System.out.println("BMWPartFactory#createBrake");
    return brake;
  }

  @Override
  public Cycl createCycl() {
    Cycl cycl = new VacuoCycl();
    cycl.show();
    System.out.println("BMWPartFactory#createCycl");
    return cycl;
  }

  @Override
  public Engine createEngine() {
    Engine engine = new GasEngine();
    engine.performance();
    System.out.println("BMWPartFactory#createEngine");
    return engine;
  }

  @Override
  public FrameCar createFrameCar() {
    FrameCar frameCar = new RubberFrameCar();
    frameCar.characteristic();
    System.out.println("BMWPartFactory#createFrameCar");
    return frameCar;
  }

}

6.2 自行车

//自行车
public class BikePartFactory extends PartFactory{

  @Override
  public Brake createBrake() {
    Brake brake = new GuBrake();
    brake.type();
    System.out.println("BikePartFactory#createBrake");
    return brake;
  }

  @Override
  public Cycl createCycl() {
    Cycl cycl = new DoubleCycl();
    cycl.show();
    System.out.println("BikePartFactory#createCycl");
    return cycl;
  }

  @Override
  public Engine createEngine() {
    System.out.println("BikePartFactory#createEngine");
    return null;
  }

  @Override
  public FrameCar createFrameCar() {
    System.out.println("BikePartFactory#createFrameCar");
    return null;
  }

}

7.抽象产品实现

7.1机动车–BMW

//BMW机动车
public class BMWMotor extends Motor{

  public BMWMotor(String name) {
    super(name);
    System.out.println("BMWMotor#BMWMotor");
  }

  @Override
  public void canRun() {
    System.out.println("BMWMotor#canRun");
  }

  @Override
  public void canCarryingPeople() {
    System.out.println("BMWMotor#canCarryingPeople");
  }

  @Override
  public void canCarryingThing() {
    System.out.println("BMWMotor#canCarryingThing");
  }

  @Override
  public void needOil() {
    System.out.println("BMWMotor#needOil");
  }

  @Override
  public void needPaper() {
    System.out.println("BMWMotor#needPaper");
  }

  @Override
  public void saySelf() {
    System.out.println("BMWMotor#saySelf");
    System.out.println();
  }

}

7.2非机动车–BMW

//BMW非机动车
public class BMWNoMotor extends NoMotor{

  public BMWNoMotor(String name) {
    super(name);
    System.out.println("BMWNoMotor#BMWNoMotor");
  }

  @Override
  public void canRun() {
    System.out.println("BMWNoMotor#canRun");
  }

  @Override
  public void canCarryingPeople() {
    System.out.println("BMWNoMotor#canCarryingPeople");
  }

  @Override
  public void canCarryingThing() {
    System.out.println("BMWNoMotor#canCarryingThing");
  }

  @Override
  public void environment() {
    System.out.println("BMWNoMotor#environment");
  }

  @Override
  public void saySelf() {
    System.out.println("BMWNoMotor#saySelf");
    System.out.println();
  }

}

7.3 非机动车–自行车


public class BikeNoMotor extends NoMotor{

  public BikeNoMotor(String name) {
    super(name);
    System.out.println("BikeNoMotor#BikeNoMotor");
  }

  @Override
  public void canRun() {
    System.out.println("BikeNoMotor#canRun");
  }

  @Override
  public void canCarryingPeople() {
    System.out.println("BikeNoMotor#canCarryingPeople");
  }

  @Override
  public void canCarryingThing() {
    System.out.println("BikeNoMotor#canCarryingThing");
  }

  @Override
  public void environment() {
    System.out.println("BikeNoMotor#environment");
  }

  @Override
  public void saySelf() {
    System.out.println("BikeNoMotor#saySelf");
    System.out.println();
  }

}

8.产品工厂实现

8.1产品工厂–BMW

//BMW产品工厂
public class BMWProductFactory extends ProductFactory{

  @Override
  protected Motor getMotor(String name) {
    System.out.println("BMWProductFactory#getMotor");
    return new BMWMotor(name);
  }

  @Override
  protected NoMotor getNoMotor(String name) {
    System.out.println("BMWProductFactory#getNoMotor");
    return new BMWNoMotor(name);
  }

}

8.2产品工厂–自行车


public class BikeProductFactory extends ProductFactory{

  @Override
  protected Motor getMotor(String name) {
    System.out.println("BikeProductFactory#getMotor");
    return null;
  }

  @Override
  protected NoMotor getNoMotor(String name) {
    System.out.println("BikeProductFactory#getNoMotor");
    return new BikeNoMotor(name);
  }

}

9.测试类

Main:

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Main {

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    
    Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
    while(scanner.hasNext()){
      wannaCar(scanner.next());
    }
    scanner.close();
  }
  //这里的name为具体的工厂类的名字
  private static void wannaCar(String name){
    ProductFactory productFactory = (ProductFactory)AbsFactory.getFactory(name+"ProductFactory");
    Motor motor = productFactory.createMotor(name);
    if(motor == null)
      System.out.println("Main#wannaCar--no Motor");
    else
      motor.saySelf();
    NoMotor noMotor = productFactory.createNoMotor(name);
    if(noMotor == null)
      System.out.println("Main#wannaCar--no NoMotor");
    else
      noMotor.saySelf();
  }

}

10.测试结果

输入：BMW

输出：

BMW
CarField#sayself
name:BMW
wheel:4
color:java.awt.Color[r=255,g=0,b=0]
PanBrake#type
BMWPartFactory#createBrake
PanBrake#type
VacuoCycl#show
BMWPartFactory#createCycl
VacuoCycl#show
GasEngine#performance
BMWPartFactory#createEngine
GasEngine#performance
RubberFrameCar#characteristic
BMWPartFactory#createFrameCar
RubberFrameCar#characteristic
BMWProductFactory#getMotor
BMWMotor#BMWMotor
BMWMotor#canRun
BMWMotor#canCarryingPeople
BMWMotor#canCarryingThing
BMWMotor#needOil
BMWMotor#needPaper
BMWMotor#saySelf

BMWMotor#saySelf

CarField#sayself
name:BMW
wheel:4
color:java.awt.Color[r=255,g=0,b=0]
PanBrake#type
BMWPartFactory#createBrake
PanBrake#type
VacuoCycl#show
BMWPartFactory#createCycl
VacuoCycl#show
GasEngine#performance
BMWPartFactory#createEngine
GasEngine#performance
RubberFrameCar#characteristic
BMWPartFactory#createFrameCar
RubberFrameCar#characteristic
BMWProductFactory#getNoMotor
BMWNoMotor#BMWNoMotor
BMWNoMotor#canCarryingPeople
BMWNoMotor#canCarryingThing
BMWNoMotor#canRun
BMWNoMotor#environment
BMWNoMotor#saySelf

BMWNoMotor#saySelf

输入：Bike

输出：

Bike
CarField#sayself
name:Bike
wheel:4
color:java.awt.Color[r=255,g=0,b=0]
GuBrake#type
BikePartFactory#createBrake
GuBrake#type
DoubleCycl#show
BikePartFactory#createCycl
DoubleCycl#show
BikePartFactory#createEngine
ProductFactory#createMotor--no engine
BikePartFactory#createFrameCar
ProductFactory#createMotor--no frameCar
BikeProductFactory#getMotor
ProductFactory#createMoto--no Motor
Main#wannaCar--no Motor
CarField#sayself
name:Bike
wheel:4
color:java.awt.Color[r=255,g=0,b=0]
GuBrake#type
BikePartFactory#createBrake
GuBrake#type
DoubleCycl#show
BikePartFactory#createCycl
DoubleCycl#show
BikePartFactory#createEngine
ProductFactory#createNoMotor--no engine
BikePartFactory#createFrameCar
ProductFactory#createNoMotor--no frameCar
BikeProductFactory#getNoMotor
BikeNoMotor#BikeNoMotor
BikeNoMotor#canCarryingPeople
BikeNoMotor#canCarryingThing
BikeNoMotor#canRun
BikeNoMotor#environment
BikeNoMotor#saySelf

BikeNoMotor#saySelf