linux单机LNMP环境搭建
一.系统环境准备。
1.系统环境：CentOS_6.5，32位
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS release 6.5 (Final)
[root@localhost ~]# uname -r
2.6.32-431.el6.i686
2.软件版本
nginx-1.8.1
php-5.6.13
mysql-5.1.72
3.关闭防火墙iptables和selinux
3.1关闭防火墙iptables
[root@localhost tools]# chkconfig --level 2345iptables off
[root@localhost tools]# chkconfig --listiptables
iptables 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off
[root@localhost tools]# service iptables stop
[root@localhost tools]# service iptablesstatus
iptables: Firewall is not running.
3.2关闭selinux
[root@localhost tools]# vim/etc/selinux/config #修改配置如下图所示
4.新建软件管理文件夹及上传相关软件
4.1创建软件管理文件夹
[root@localhost tools]# mkdir -p/home/jeff/tools/
[root@localhost tools]# ll /home/jeff/
total 4
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 4096 May 16 10:16tools
4.2上传相关软件
[root@localhost /]# cd /home/jeff/tools/
利用rz命令上传相关软件。如果无法使用该命令，请安装lrzsz软件。
二、安装nginx相关软件
2.1安装nginx相关工具包；
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ pcre pcre-developenssl openssl-devel
2.2 创建nginx组和用户，并安装nginx软件
2.2.1创建nginx组和用户
[root@localhost ~]# groupadd -g 800 nginx #创建nginx用户组
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -u 800 -g nginx -M-s /sbin/nologin nginx #创建nginx用户
[root@localhost ~]# tail -1 /etc/passwd #检查nginx用户创建情况
nginx:x:800:800::/home/nginx:/sbin/nologin
[root@localhost ~]# tail -1 /etc/group #检查nginx组创建情况
nginx:x:800:
2.2.2安装nginx软件
2.2.2.1解压nginx软件
[root@localhost ~]# cd /home/jeff/tools/
[root@localhost tools]# tar -zxvfnginx-1.8.1.tar.gz
[root@localhost tools]# ll
total 820
drwxr-xr-x. 9 1001 1001 4096 May 29 13:31 nginx-1.8.1
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 833473 May 20 22:38nginx-1.8.1.tar.gz
2.2.2.2进入nginx软件目录并进行配置
[root@localhost tools]# cd nginx-1.8.1
[root@localhost nginx-1.8.1]# ./configure \
--user=nginx \
> --user=nginx \
> --group=nginx \
> --prefix=/usr/local/nginx-1.8.1 \
> --with-http_stub_status_module \
> --with-http_ssl_module \
> --with-http_realip_module
2.2.2.3编译安装
[root@localhost nginx-1.8.1]# make & makeinstall
创建软连接
[root@localhost nginx-1.8.1]# ln -s/usr/local/nginx-1.8.1 /usr/local/nginx
2.3启动及检查nginx安装情况
2.3.1启动nginx
[root@localhost nginx-1.8.1]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx #启动nginx
2.3.2检查nginx启动情况
[root@localhost nginx-1.8.1]# ps -ef | grepnginx #检查nginx进程启动情况
root 4959 1 0 15:29 ? 00:00:00 nginx: master process/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx 4960 4959 0 15:29 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
[root@localhost nginx-1.8.1]# netstat -lntp |grep 80 #检查nginx监听端口
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 4959/nginx
[root@localhost nginx-1.8.1]# lsof -i tcp:80 #检查80端口对应的服务
COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
nginx 4959 root 9u IPv4 52360 0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN)
nginx 4960 nginx 9u IPv4 52360 0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN)
用浏览器检查：
http://localhost,如出现如下页面，则说明nginx安装成功。
三、安装mysql相关软件
3.1安装编译源码所需的工具和库
[root@localhost tools]# yum -y install gccgcc-c++ ncurses-devel perl
3.2安装cmake
[root@localhost tools]# tar -zxvfcmake-2.8.10.2.tar.gz
[root@localhost tools]# cd cmake-2.8.10.2
[root@localhost cmake-2.8.10.2]# ./bootstrap
[root@localhost cmake-2.8.10.2]# make
3.3新建用户及组
[root@localhost cmake-2.8.10.2]# groupadd -g 902mysql #创建mysql用户组
[root@localhost cmake-2.8.10.2]# useradd -u 902-g mysql -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql #创建mysql用户
[root@localhost cmake-2.8.10.2]# cat/etc/group | grep mysql #检查mysql组创建情况
mysql:x:902:
[root@localhost cmake-2.8.10.2]# cat/etc/passwd | grep mysql #检查mysql用户创建情况
mysql:x:902:902::/home/mysql:/sbin/nologin
#-s /sbin/nologin表示禁止该用户登录，加强安全。
#-g mysql指定属于mysql组。
#-M表示不创建用户家目录。
3.4解压mysql
[root@localhost tools]# tar -zxvfmysql-5.6.30.tar.gz
3.5进入mysql软件目录并进行编译安装
[root@localhost tools]# cd mysql-5.6.30
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.30]#cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql-5.6.30\
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql-5.6.30/tmp/mysqld.sock\
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=gbk,gb2312,utf8,ascii \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITHOUT_EXAMPLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_FAST_MUTEXES=1 \
-DWITH_ZLIB=bundled \
-DWITH_READLINE=1 \
-DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 \
-DWITH_DEBUG=0
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.30]# make
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.30]# make install
3.6设置权限及设置软连接
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.30]# chown -Rmysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql-5.6.30
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.30]# ln -s/usr/local/mysql-5.6.30 /usr/local/mysql
3.7.初始化数据库及配置启动文件
[root@localhostmysql-5.6.30]# /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db--user=mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
#初始化数据库
[root@localhostmysql-5.6.30]# cp/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld #配置启动文件
[root@localhostmysql-5.6.30]# chmod 700/etc/init.d/mysqld #使配置文件可执行
3.8设置全局路径
[root@localhostmysql-5.6.30]# echo 'exportPATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin' >> /etc/profile #配置全局路径
[root@localhostmysql-5.6.30]# source/etc/profile #使全局路径配置生效
3.9启动及检查启动情况
[root@bogon support-files]# /etc/init.d/mysqldstart #启动mysql
Starting MySQL.........................SUCCESS!
[root@bogon support-files]# netstat -lntp |grep 3306 #检查mysql监听端口3306
tcp 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 2550/mysqld
[root@bogon support-files]# ps -ef | grepmysql | grep -v grep #检查mysql进程
root 2369 1 0 14:52 pts/1 00:00:00 /bin/sh/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data--pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/bogon.pid
mysql 2550 2369 16 14:52 pts/1 00:00:17 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld--basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data--plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql--log-error=/usr/local/mysql/data/bogon.err--pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/bogon.pid--socket=/usr/local/mysql/tmp/mysqld.sock --port=3306
[root@bogon support-files]# mysql -uroot #进入mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.6.30 Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of OracleCorporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks oftheir respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' toclear the current input statement.
mysql>
3.10设置开机自启动及设置mysql登录密码
1)设置开机自启动
[root@bogon support-files]# chkconfig --addmysqld
[root@bogon support-files]# chkconfig mysqldon
[root@bogon support-files]# chkconfig --listmysqld
mysqld 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
2)设置mysql登录密码
[root@bogon support-files]# mysqladmin -uroot password '123456' #设置密码：123456
四、安装php相关软件
4.1检查及安装如下lib库
[root@bogon support-files]# rpm -qa zliblibxml libjpeg freetype libpng gd curl libiconv zlib-devel libxml2-devellibjpeg-devel freetype-devel libpng-devel gd-devel curl-devel #检查lib库安装情况
[root@bogon support-files]# yum install zliblibxml libjpeg freetype libpng gd curl libiconv zlib-devel libxml2-devellibjpeg-devel freetype-devel libpng-devel gd-devel curl-devel –y
编译安装libiconv库
安装libmcrypt库
安装mhash加密扩展库
安装mcrypt加密扩展库
4.2解压php软件
[root@bogon tools]# tar -zxvfphp-5.5.32.tar.gz
[root@bogon tools]# ll
total 61908
drwxr-xr-x. 14 1001 1001 4096 Feb 2 21:36 php-5.5.32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 17773092 Feb 22 11:22php-5.5.32.tar.gz
4.3配置PHP
[root@bogon php-5.5.32]# ./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/php \
--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql \
--with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config\
--with-iconv-dir=/usr/local/libiconv \
--with-freetype-dir \
--with-jpeg-dir \
--with-png-dir \
--with-zlib \
--with-libxml-dir=/usr \
--enable-xml \
--disable-rpath \
--enable-bcmath \
--enable-shmop \
--enable-sysvsem \
--enable-inline-optimization \
--with-curl \
--enable-mbregex \
--enable-fpm \
--enable-mbstring \
--with-mcrypt \
--with-gd \
--enable-gd-native-ttf \
--with-openssl \
--with-mhash \
--enable-pcntl \
--enable-sockets \
--with-xmlrpc \
--enable-zip \
--enable-soap \
--enable-short-tags \
--enable-static \
--with-xsl \
--with-fpm-user=nginx \
--with-fpm-group=nginx \
--enable-ftp
4.4编译安装
[root@bogon php-5.5.32]# make & makeinsatll
4.5配置PHP引擎配置文件php.ini及配置php服务（fastCGI）的配置文件
#配置PHP引擎配置文件php.ini
[root@bogon php-5.5.32]# cp php.ini-production/usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
#配置php服务（fastCGI）的配置文件
[root@bogon php-5.5.32]# cd/usr/local/php/etc/
[root@bogon php-5.5.32]# cpphp-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf
4.6启动php服务及检查php服务启动情况
启动PHP服务php-fpm，命令如下
[root@bogon etc]# /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm
检查php服务php-fpm的进程及启动端口的情况，命令如下
[root@bogon etc]# ps -ef | grep php-fpm | grep-v grep #检查进程
root 26469 1 0 17:04 ? 00:00:00 php-fpm: master process(/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf)
nginx 26470 26469 0 17:04 ? 00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
nginx 26471 26469 0 17:04 ? 00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
[root@bogon etc]# netstat -lntp | grep 9000 #检查监听端口
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:9000 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 26469/php-fpm
4.7配置Nginx支持PHP程序请求访问
修改nginx配置文件nginx.conf，
location / {
root html/bbs;
index index.php index.html index.htm;
}
location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$ {
root/html/bbs;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
include fastcgi.conf;
}
4.8检查配置文件并启动nginx
[root@bogon etc]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx-t
nginx: the configuration file/usr/local/nginx-1.8.1/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file/usr/local/nginx-1.8.1/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@bogon etc]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx-s reload
4.9测试php环境
进入默认的nginx站点目录
root@bogon html]# cd/usr/local/nginx/html/bbs
<?php
Phpinfo();
?>
#注以上代码为显示php配置信息的简单php文件代码，最好手工敲，以防出错；
#通过访问并刷新浏览器http://ip，如可以看到phpinfo信息，如下图，说明php环境配置ok;
至此LNMP单机环境搭建完成！
