​​Solving Tomcat OutOfMemoryError: Heap space and PermGen space​​

​​Tomcat​​ March 12th, 2009


It’s quite common to run In memory problems when running some big Java EE application on a Tomcat server.
Some of the most commmon errors are like the following ones.

This is about a full Heap space:



SEVERE: Servlet.service() for servlet jsp threw exception java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Java heap space



This other is about the PermGen space that’s a memory area, where compiled classes (and ​​JSPs​​) are kept, and this error might happen often if the running web application have many .java and .jsp.



MemoryError: PermGen space java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: PermGen space



To increase the memory available to Tomcat, about heap and permgen the correct options are the following ones.

This sets the max heap available to Tomcat at 1Gb of memory:



--JvmMx 1024



This sets the max permgen available to Tomcat at 256Mb of memory:



-XX:MaxPermSize=256m



To change the Tomcat memory settings (when Tomcat is installed on Windows as system service), it’s required to use the command-line tool ​​tomcat6​​. The next command changes the memory settings for the Tomcat service named Tomcat6



tomcat6 //US//Tomcat6 --JvmMx 1024 ++JvmOptions="-XX:MaxPermSize=256m"



The label ​​//US//Tomcat6​​ has the meaning of Updating Server parameters for the service named Tomcat6.
Obviously this command should be executed from the directory ​​​C:/Program Files/Apache Software Foundation/Tomcat 6.0/bin​​​ or from wherever is the ​​bin​​​ directory of your Tomcat installation. Or to make things simple, that directoy should be added to your ​​PATH​​ environment variable.

It’s even possible to update memory settings from a GUI frontend, or to view what happened after running the command line tool. Running the following command:



tomcat6w //ES//Tomcat6



a window will open showing all the parameters about the windows service Tomcat6.

It’s possible to see in this image that, after running the previous command, for setting higher memory limits, in the sections Maximum memory pool and at the end of the Java Options the new memory limits are set.




Tomcat Memory Settings on Windows