1.  安装mysql 相关依赖库（没有的话就安装，有就不用安装了）  
通过 rpm -qa | grep name 的方式验证以下软件包是否已全部安装。
gcc* gcc-c++* autoconf* automake* zlib* libxml* ncurses-devel* libmcrypt*   libtool*
没有的话安装：
yum安装：
#yum install bison gcc gcc-c++ autoconf automake zlib* libxml* ncurses-devel  libtool
rpm –ivh 安装：
例如：rpm -ivh MySQL-devel-4.0.24-0.i386.rpm
2.安装cmake包
# wgethttp://www.cmake.org/files/v2.8/cmake-2.8.6.tar.gz
# tar zxvf cmake-2.8.6.tar.gz
# cd cmake-2.8.6/
# ./configure
# gmake
# gmake install  

3.添加用户和创建数据库目录和权限设置
# group add mysql
#useradd mysql –g mysql
# mkdir -p /data/mysql
# chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql

4.MYSQL 5.5.22安装
#cd /usr/local/src
# wget http://down1.chinaunix.net/distfiles/mysql-5.5.22.tar.gz
# tar zxvf mysql-5.5.22.tar.gz
# cd mysql-5.5.22
# cmake-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/mysql/data -DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysqld.sock -DMYSQL_USER=mysql
# gmake
# gmake install

5.设置mysql配置文件
# cd /usr/local/mysql
# cp ./support-files/my-huge.cnf/etc/my.cnf

5.1编辑/etc/my.cnf
# vi /etc/my.cnf
在 [mysqld] 段增加
datadir = /data/mysql
wait-timeout = 30
max_connections = 512
max_connect_errors = 10000000
default-storage-engine = MyISAM

在 [mysqld] 段修改
max_allowed_packet = 16M

[mysqld_safe]增加字段
log-error=/data/mysql/log/mysqld.log

6.初始化数据库
#cd /usr/local/mysql
# 9 ./scripts/mysql_install_db --datadir=/data/mysql--basedir=/usr/local/mysql --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=mysql
# cp ./support-files/mysql.server/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
# chmod 755 /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
# chkconfig --add mysqld
# chkconfig --level 35 mysqld on

7.设置启动脚本变量
 编辑 /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
# vi /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql

8.设置变量环境
# echo"PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin" >> /etc/profile（永久生效）
# export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin（当前生效）
或者
# . /etc/profile

9.启动服务
# service mysqld start

10.设置数据库管理员root密码 重新启动mysqld服务
# mysqladmin -u root password '123456'
# service mysqld restart

查看mysql服务：
[root@tata data]#netstat-npalt | grep 3306
tcp       0      0 0.0.0.0:3306                0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      25051/mysqld  
查看mysql进程
[root@tata data]#ps -ef | grep "mysql"
root    24737     1  0 08:04 pts/1    00:00:00 /bin/sh/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/data/mysql--pid-file=/data/mysql/tata.domain.pid
mysql   25051 24737  0 08:04 pts/1    00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld--basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql--plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql--log-error=/data/mysql/tata.domain.err --pid-file=/data/mysql/tata.domain.pid--socket=/tmp/mysqld.sock --port=3306
root    25130  2648  0 08:24 pts/1    00:00:00 mysql -u root -p
root    25183  9149  0 08:34 pts/2    00:00:00 grep mysql
11.进入Mysql
# mysql -u root -p
输入密码
mysql> show databases;
+-----------------------+
| Database              |
+-----------------------+
| information_schema    |
| mysql                 |
| #mysql50#mysql-5.5.22 |
| performance_schema    |
| test                  |
+-----------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> use mysql;
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+---------------------------+
| Tables_in_mysql           |
+---------------------------+
| columns_priv              |
........

11.管理mysql ,建表，建库

显示mysql存储引擎
mysql>showengines;

编码方式更改
show variables like 'character_set_%';
setcharacter_set_client=utf8;