讲解docker部署magento2，lamp适当修改也能完成，采用的是ubuntu，如果是centos要注意改变对应的命令。
要在虚拟机中使用Docker部署Magento，可以按照以下步骤进行操作：
一，在虚拟机上安装Docker和Docker Compose：根据虚拟机的操作系统
一键安装Docker
$ curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com | bash -s docker --mirror Aliyun
Dcloud安装
$ curl -sSL https://get.daocloud.io/docker | sh
Ubuntu搭建Docker
Docker目前支持的最低Ubuntu版本为14.04 LTS，但实际上从稳定性上考虑，推荐使用16.04 LTS或18.0.4 LTS版本，或者20.04LTS版本，并且系统内核越新越好，以支持Docker最新的特性。
官方文档:https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/ubuntu/
更换源(可选,如果更换为清华源，则后面的安装步骤参数需要指定为清华源)
清华大学ubuntu源:
https://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu 官方文档:
https://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/help/ubuntu/
vim /etc/apt/sources.list替换源
更新包索引
sudo apt-get update
手动安装docker
移除系统中可能存在的旧版本的Docker
$ sudo apt-get remove docker docker-engine docker.io containerd runc
安装可以通过https使用仓库的一些相关包
$ sudo apt-get install
apt-transport-https
ca-certificates
curl
gnupg-agent
software-properties-common
添加GPG key清华源:
$ curl -fsSL https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -
ubuntu源：
$ curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /usr/share/keyrings/docker-archive-keyring.gpg
验证指纹
sudo apt-key fingerprint 0EBFCD88
应该得到如下内容:
pub rsa4096 2017-02-22 [SCEA]9DC8 5822 9FC7 DD38 854A E2D8 8D81 803C 0EBF CD88uid [ unknown] Docker Release (CE deb)docker@docker.comsub rsa4096 2017-02-22 [S]
添加docker-ce的仓库
清华源：
$ sudo add-apt-repository
“deb [arch=amd64] https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu
$(lsb_release -cs) stable”
ubuntu源:
$ echo
“deb [arch=amd64 signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/docker-archive-keyring.gpg] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu
$(lsb_release -cs) stable” | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null
安装docker
安装前需要再次更新源:
$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io
更换docker镜像源:(可选)
$ sudo vim /etc/docker/daemon.json
{
“registry-mirrors”: [“http://hub-mirror.c.163.com”]
}
启动docker
sudo systemctl start docker
二.创建一个新的目录用于存储Magento的Docker部署文件。
3.在该目录中创建一个名为docker-compose.yml的文件，并使用以下内容：
version: '3'
services:
web:
image: nginx:1.8
ports:
- "80:80"
volumes:
- ./magento:/var/www/html
- ./nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
depends_on:
- php
php:
image: php:8.1-fpm
#build:
#context: ./
#dockerfile: Dockerfile
#container_name: 'php8'
volumes:
- ./magento:/var/www/html
- /home/一般是自己创建的用户名/docker-c-lnmp/php-config/php.ini:/usr/local/etc/php/php.ini
#environment:
#- PHP_EXTENSIONS=bcmath,ctype,curl,dom,fileinfo,gd,hash,iconv,intl,json,libxml,mbstring,openssl,pcre,pdo_mysql,simplexml,soap,sockets,sodium,xmlwriter,xsl,zip
db:
image: mysql:8.0
ports:
- 3306:3306
environment:
MYSQL_DATABASE: magento2
MYSQL_USER: magento2
MYSQL_PASSWORD: password2
MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: root_password
MYSQL_ROOT_HOST: '%'
volumes:
- ./mysql:/var/lib/mysql
phpmyadmin:
image: phpmyadmin/phpmyadmin
links:
- db:mysql
ports:
- 8080:80
environment:
PMA_HOST: db使用phpmyadmin的好处，不用付费，不用找破解码。
四.在该目录中创建一个名为nginx.conf的文件，并使用以下内容：
server {
listen 80;
server_name 虚拟域名;
root /var/www/html/magento/pub;
index index.php index.html index.htm default.php default.htm default.html;
#include /docker-c-lnmp/magento/magento2-2.4.5-p3/nginx.conf.sample;
location ~ ^(.+\.php)(/.*)?$ {
fastcgi_pass php:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
location / {
try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php$is_args$args;
}
location /pub/ {
location ~ ^/pub/media/(downloadable|customer|import|custom_options|theme_customization/.*\.xml) {
deny all;
}
alias /var/www/html/magento/pub/;
add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN";
}
location /static/ {
# Uncomment the following line in production mode
# expires max;
# Remove signature of the static files that is used to overcome the browser cache
location ~ ^/static/version\d*/ {
rewrite ^/static/version\d*/(.*)$ /static/$1 last;
}
location ~* \.(ico|jpg|jpeg|png|gif|svg|svgz|webp|avif|avifs|js|css|eot|ttf|otf|woff|woff2|html|json|webmanifest)$ {
add_header Cache-Control "public";
add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN";
expires +1y;
if (!-f $request_filename) {
rewrite ^/static/(version\d*/)?(.*)$ /static.php?resource=$2 last;
}
}
location ~* \.(zip|gz|gzip|bz2|csv|xml)$ {
add_header Cache-Control "no-store";
add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN";
expires off;
if (!-f $request_filename) {
rewrite ^/static/(version\d*/)?(.*)$ /static.php?resource=$2 last;
}
}
if (!-f $request_filename) {
rewrite ^/static/(version\d*/)?(.*)$ /static.php?resource=$2 last;
}
add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN";
}
location /media/ {
try_files $uri $uri/ /get.php$is_args$args;
location ~ ^/media/theme_customization/.*\.xml {
deny all;
}
location ~* \.(ico|jpg|jpeg|png|gif|svg|svgz|webp|avif|avifs|js|css|eot|ttf|otf|woff|woff2)$ {
add_header Cache-Control "public";
add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN";
expires +1y;
try_files $uri $uri/ /get.php$is_args$args;
}
location ~* \.(zip|gz|gzip|bz2|csv|xml)$ {
add_header Cache-Control "no-store";
add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN";
expires off;
try_files $uri $uri/ /get.php$is_args$args;
}
add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN";
}
location /media/customer/ {
deny all;
}
location /media/downloadable/ {
deny all;
}
location /media/import/ {
deny all;
}
location /media/custom_options/ {
deny all;
}
location /errors/ {
location ~* \.xml$ {
deny all;
}
}
gzip on;
gzip_disable "msie6";
gzip_comp_level 6;
gzip_min_length 1100;
gzip_buffers 16 8k;
gzip_proxied any;
gzip_types
text/plain
text/css
text/js
text/xml
text/javascript
application/javascript
application/x-javascript
application/json
application/xml
application/xml+rss
image/svg+xml;
gzip_vary on;
# Banned locations (only reached if the earlier PHP entry point regexes don't match)
location ~* (\.php$|\.phtml$|\.htaccess$|\.htpasswd$|\.git) {
deny all;
}}
五.将Magento的代码放在与docker-compose.yml文件相同的目录中，并确保代码位于名为magento的子目录中。
代码放在宿主机方便代码和容器之间同步
6.在命令行中，切换到存储Magento Docker部署文件的目录，并运行以下命令启动Docker容器：
docker-compose up -d执行docker-compose up -d 成功后，接着登录php容器
docker exec -it f35ddf94fbf3（你自己对应的容器id） /bin/bash切换源，不然安装扩展很慢，执行：
echo "" > /etc/apt/sources.list
echo "deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian buster main" >> /etc/apt/sources.list
echo "deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian-security buster/updates main" >> /etc/apt/sources.list
echo "deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian buster-updates main" >> /etc/apt/sources.list
sed -i s@/deb.debian.org/@/mirrors.aliyun.com/@g /etc/apt/sources.list
sed -i s@/security.debian.org/@/mirrors.aliyun.com/@g /etc/apt/sources.list
echo "deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse" >> /etc/apt/sources.list
echo "deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse" >> /etc/apt/sources.list
echo "deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse" >> /etc/apt/sources.list
echo "deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian-security/ bookworm-security main" >> /etc/apt/sources.list
echo "deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse" >>/etc/apt/sources.list
echo "deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse" >>/etc/apt/sources.list
echo "deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse" >>/etc/apt/sources.list
echo "deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse" >>/etc/apt/sources.list
echo "deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse" >>/etc/apt/sources.list
echo "deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse" >>/etc/apt/sources.list
echo "deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse" >>/etc/apt/sources.list
echo "deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse" >> /etc/apt/sources.list
echo "deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse" >>/etc/apt/sources.list运行 sudo apt update 命令来更新软件包列表
报错：Err:16 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu xenial-proposed InRelease The following signatures couldn’t be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 40976EAF437D05B5 NO_PUBKEY 3B4FE6ACC0B21F32
这个错误通常是由于缺少公钥导致的。要解决这个问题，可以尝试使用以下命令导入所需的公钥：
sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 40976EAF437D05B5 3B4FE6ACC0B21F32这将从Ubuntu的公钥服务器上获取并导入所需的公钥。然后，可以再次运行更新命令：
sudo apt update直到没有，E: 和Err:开头的错误提示，不然部分扩展不能安装成功
然后安装php扩展：
1.
apt-get -y update --fix-missing && \
apt-get upgrade -y && \
apt-get --no-install-recommends install -y apt-utils && \
rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
apt-get -y update && \
apt-get -y --no-install-recommends install nano wget \
dialog \
libsqlite3-dev \
libsqlite3-0 && \
apt-get -y --no-install-recommends install default-mysql-client \
zlib1g-dev \
libzip-dev \
libicu-dev && \
apt-get -y --no-install-recommends install --fix-missing apt-utils \
build-essential \
git \
curl \
libonig-dev && \
apt-get install -y iputils-ping && \
apt-get -y --no-install-recommends install --fix-missing libcurl4 \
libcurl4-openssl-dev \
zip \
openssl && \
rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* && \
curl -sS https://getcomposer.org/installer | php -- --install-dir=/usr/local/bin --filename=composer
pecl install xdebug-3.1.4 && \
docker-php-ext-enable xdebug && \
mkdir /var/log/xdebug
apt-get update && \
apt-get -y --no-install-recommends install --fix-missing libmagickwand-dev && \
rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
docker-php-ext-install pdo_mysql && \
docker-php-ext-install pdo_sqlite && \
docker-php-ext-install bcmath && \
docker-php-ext-install mysqli && \
docker-php-ext-install curl && \
docker-php-ext-install zip && \
docker-php-ext-install -j$(nproc) intl && \
docker-php-ext-install mbstring && \
docker-php-ext-install gettext && \
docker-php-ext-install calendar && \
docker-php-ext-install exif
apt-get -y update && \
apt-get --no-install-recommends install -y libfreetype6-dev \
libjpeg62-turbo-dev \
libpng-dev && \
rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* && \
docker-php-ext-configure gd --enable-gd --with-freetype --with-jpeg && \
docker-php-ext-install gdmagento安装之前还需要先安装几个扩展:
bcmath、xsl、soap、sockets
下载php源码，支持docker-php-ext-install命令
cd /usr/src
wget https://www.php.net/distributions/php-8.1.20.tar.xz
mv php-8.1.20.tar.xz php.tar.xz1.bcmath
docker-php-ext-install bcmath2.xsl
apt update
apt install libxslt-dev -y
docker-php-ext-install xsl3.soap
apt install libxml2-dev -y
docker-php-ext-install soap4.sockets
docker-php-ext-install socketsMagento 开源版需要开启的PHP扩展:
ext-bcmath
ext-ctype
ext-curl
ext-dom
ext-fileinfo
ext-gd
ext-hash
ext-iconv
ext-intl
ext-json
ext-libxml
ext-mbstring
ext-openssl
ext-pcre
ext-pdo_mysql
ext-simplexml
ext-soap
ext-sockets
ext-sodium
ext-xmlwriter
ext-xsl
ext-zip
lib-libxml
lib-openssl
在这些都安装好后就可以开始安装magento2了
比如:
修改php.ini,增加内存
如果我们现在直接创建项目，会提示错误，内存不足：
Fatal error: Allowed memory size of 1610612736 bytes exhausted (tried to allocate 167772160 bytes) in phar:///usr/local/bin/composer/src/Composer/DependencyResolver/RuleSet.php on line 90php.ini文件已经映射到宿主机，参考/home/一般是自己创建的用户名/docker-c-lnmp/php-config/php.ini:/usr/local/etc/php/php.ini
我们把这条内存限制从128M 改为 4096M，我们把内存调大到4G
memory_limit = 4096M然后重启容器
登录phpmyadmin
虚拟域名:8080/
创建数据库magento2
更改文件访问权限
登录php容器：
cd /var/www/html
chmod -R 777 ./magento
注意：
访问magento项目，需要保证magento文件都能够被Apache访问。
因为这些文件我们是用root执行命令下载的，因此Apache不能访问，会报错
因此，这里我们需要给所有文件 777 权限才能访问。
将magento2代码放在文件docker-compose.yml配置的对应宿主机映射卷magento中
确认代码同步到php容器中，登录php容器在代码根目/var/www/html/magento录执行
composer install等待安装完成
然后执行
php bin/magento module:disable {Magento_Elasticsearch,Magento_InventoryElasticsearch,Magento_Elasticsearch6,Magento_Elasticsearch7}因为没有安装Elasticsearch要先禁止
然后执行：
php bin/magento setup:install --base-url=http://你配置的虚拟域名/ --backend-frontname=admin --db-host=db --db-name=magento2 --db-user=root --db-password=root_password --admin-firstname=admin --admin-lastname=admin --admin-email=admin@admin.com --admin-user=admin --admin-password=admin123 --language=zh_Hans_CN --currency=CNY --timezone=Asia/Shanghai --use-rewrites=1等待安装完成
