软件管理rpm

2013年3月3日 星期日 晴

软件管理

rpm

一、查询

1、查询已经安装的软件包

[root@desktop7 ~]# rpm -q zip

zip-2.31-2.el5

2、在所有的安装包中筛选包含zip字段的软件包

[root@desktop7 ~]# rpm -q --all |grep 'zip'

bzip2-libs-1.0.3-6.el5_5

zip-2.31-2.el5

gzip-1.3.5-13.el5.centos

bzip2-devel-1.0.3-6.el5_5

bzip2-libs-1.0.3-6.el5_5

bzip2-1.0.3-6.el5_5

unzip-5.52-3.el5

[root@desktop7 ~]#

3、查询zip软件包的详细信息

[root@desktop7 ~]# rpm -q --info zip

Name        : zip                          Relocations: (not relocatable)

Version     : 2.31                              Vendor: CentOS

Release     : 2.el5                         Build Date: Thu 12 Mar 2009 04:34:27 AM CST

Install Date: Wed 27 Feb 2013 06:38:55 AM CST      Build Host: chamkaur.karan.org

Group       : Applications/Archiving        Source RPM: zip-2.31-2.el5.src.rpm

Size        : 318496                           License: distributable

Signature   : DSA/SHA1, Tue 17 Mar 2009 07:40:16 PM CST, Key ID a8a447dce8562897

Packager    : Karanbir Singh <[e-mail]>

URL         : http://www.info-zip.org/pub/infozip/Zip.html

Summary     : A file compression and packaging utility compatible with PKZIP.

Description :

The zip program is a compression and file packaging utility.  Zip is

analogous to a combination of the UNIX tar and compress commands and

is compatible with PKZIP (a compression and file packaging utility for

MS-DOS systems).

Install the zip package if you need to compress files using the zip

program.

4、查询zip软件包内容

[root@desktop7 ~]# rpm -q -l zip

/usr/bin/zip

/usr/bin/zipcloak

/usr/bin/zipnote

/usr/bin/zipsplit

/usr/share/doc/zip-2.31

/usr/share/doc/zip-2.31/BUGS

/usr/share/doc/zip-2.31/CHANGES

/usr/share/doc/zip-2.31/LICENSE

/usr/share/doc/zip-2.31/MANUAL

/usr/share/doc/zip-2.31/README

/usr/share/doc/zip-2.31/TODO

/usr/share/doc/zip-2.31/WHATSNEW

/usr/share/doc/zip-2.31/WHERE

/usr/share/doc/zip-2.31/algorith.txt

/usr/share/man/man1/zip.1.gz

5、查询zip软件包提供的文件（documentation）

[root@desktop7 ~]# rpm -q --docfiles zip

/usr/share/doc/zip-2.31/BUGS

/usr/share/doc/zip-2.31/CHANGES

/usr/share/doc/zip-2.31/LICENSE

/usr/share/doc/zip-2.31/MANUAL

/usr/share/doc/zip-2.31/README

/usr/share/doc/zip-2.31/TODO

/usr/share/doc/zip-2.31/WHATSNEW

/usr/share/doc/zip-2.31/WHERE

/usr/share/doc/zip-2.31/algorith.txt

/usr/share/man/man1/zip.1.gz

[root@desktop7 ~]#

[root@desktop7 ~]# rpm -qd zip

/usr/share/doc/zip-2.31/BUGS

/usr/share/doc/zip-2.31/CHANGES

/usr/share/doc/zip-2.31/LICENSE

/usr/share/doc/zip-2.31/MANUAL

/usr/share/doc/zip-2.31/README

/usr/share/doc/zip-2.31/TODO

/usr/share/doc/zip-2.31/WHATSNEW

/usr/share/doc/zip-2.31/WHERE

/usr/share/doc/zip-2.31/algorith.txt

/usr/share/man/man1/zip.1.gz

[root@desktop7 ~]#

6、查询zip软件包提供哪些配置文件（configfiles）

[root@desktop7 ~]# rpm -q --configfiles zip

[root@desktop7 ~]# rpm -qc zip

7、查询软件包的修改记录

[root@desktop7 ~]# rpm -q --changelog zip

* Wed Jul 09 2008 Ivana Varekova <[e-mail]> - 2.31-2

- Resolves: #371041

  zip does not honor umask setting

* Thu Jul 13 2006 Jesse Keating <[e-mail]> - 2.31-1.2.2

- rebuild

* Sat Feb 11 2006 Jesse Keating <[e-mail]> - 2.31-1.2.1

- bump again for double-long bug on ppc(64)

* Wed Feb 08 2006 Jesse Keating <[e-mail]> - 2.31-1.2

- rebuilt for new gcc4.1 snapshot and glibc changes

* Sat Dec 10 2005 Jesse Keating <[e-mail]>

- rebuilt

* Fri Nov 11 2005 Ivana Varekova <[e-mail]> 2.31-1

- update to 2.31

* Tue Mar 08 2005 Ivana Varekova <[e-mail]> 2.3-30

- rebuilt

* Tue Jan 18 2005 Ivana Varekova <[e-mail]> 2.3-29

- Fix bug #142237 - problem with -d and ./files containing archives

* Tue Jun 22 2004 Lon Hohberger <[e-mail]> 2.3-24

- Extend max file/archive size to 2^32-8193 (4294959103) bytes

- Include better debugging output for configure script

* Wed Jun 16 2004 Elliot Lee <[e-mail]>

- rebuilt

* Sat Mar 20 2004 Lon Hohberger <[e-mail]> 2.3-22

- Fix typos

* Wed Feb 18 2004 Lon Hohberger <[e-mail]> 2.3-21

- Include LICENSE file per bugzilla #116004

* Sat Feb 14 2004 Elliot Lee <[e-mail]>

- rebuilt

* Tue Dec 23 2003 Lon Hohberger <[e-mail]> 2.3-19

- Make temp file have umask 0066 mode (#112516)

* Sat Oct 25 2003 Lon Hohberger <[e-mail]> 2.3-18

- Incorporate Arjan's exec-shield patch for i386

* Thu Jun 05 2003 Elliot Lee <[e-mail]>

- rebuilt

* Thu Jan 23 2003 Tim Powers <[e-mail]>

- rebuilt

* Fri Dec 20 2002 Tim Powers <[e-mail]>

- bump and rebuild

* Sat Jun 22 2002 Tim Powers <[e-mail]>

- automated rebuild

* Fri May 24 2002 Tim Powers <[e-mail]>

- automated rebuild

* Wed Apr 03 2002 Trond Eivind Glomsrd <[e-mail]>

- Don't strip explicitly

* Thu Mar 14 2002 Trond Eivind Glomsrd <[e-mail]> 2.3-11

- Add URL

* Mon Jun 25 2001 Elliot Lee <[e-mail]>

- Bump release + rebuild.

* Sat Aug 26 2000 Bill Nottingham <[e-mail]>

- add encryption code (#16878)

* Fri Jul 14 2000 Prospector <[e-mail]>

- automatic rebuild

* Mon Jun 12 2000 Bill Nottingham <[e-mail]>

- rebuild in new environment

* Tue Mar 14 2000 Bill Nottingham <[e-mail]>

- spec file cleanups (#10143)

* Tue Feb 08 2000 Bill Nottingham <[e-mail]>

- fix some perms

* Thu Feb 03 2000 Cristian Gafton <[e-mail]>

- fix description

- man pages are compressed

* Wed Jan 12 2000 Bill Nottingham <[e-mail]>

- update to 2.3

* Sat Jul 31 1999 Bill Nottingham <[e-mail]>

- update to 2.2

* Mon Mar 22 1999 Cristian Gafton <[e-mail]>

- auto rebuild in the new build environment (release 8)

* Fri Mar 19 1999 Cristian Gafton <[e-mail]>

- updated text in the spec file

* Sat Jan 16 1999 Cristian Gafton <[e-mail]>

- patch top build on the arm

* Tue Dec 22 1998 Michael Maher <[e-mail]>

- built package for 6.0

* Tue Aug 11 1998 Jeff Johnson <[e-mail]>

- build root

* Sat May 09 1998 Prospector System <[e-mail]>

- translations modified for de, fr, tr

* Fri Jul 11 1997 Erik Troan <[e-mail]>

- built against glibc

[root@desktop7 ~]#

8、查询软件包所需的组件

[root@desktop7 ~]# rpm -q --requires zip

libc.so.6()(64bit)  

libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.2.5)(64bit)  

libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.3)(64bit)  

libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.3.4)(64bit)  

libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.4)(64bit)  

rpmlib(CompressedFileNames) <= 3.0.4-1

rpmlib(PayloadFilesHavePrefix) <= 4.0-1

rtld(GNU_HASH)  

[root@desktop7 ~]#

9、查询文件提供者

[root@desktop7 ~]# rpm -q --file /bin/ls

coreutils-5.97-34.el5

[root@desktop7 ~]#

二、安装软件包

安装失败，如何进行？

[root@desktop7 ~]# rpm -e vim-enhanced

[root@desktop7 ~]# rpm -q vim-enhanved

package vim-enhanved is not installed

[root@desktop7 ~]# rpm -ivh vim-enhanced

error: open of vim-enhanced failed: No such file or directory

[root@desktop7 ~]# rpm -qp vim-enhanved

error: open of vim-enhanved failed: No such file or directory

[root@desktop7 ~]#

[root@desktop7 ~]# rpm -qc vim-enhanved

package vim-enhanved is not installed

[root@desktop7 ~]# rpm -qf vim-enhanved

error: file /root/vim-enhanved: No such file or directory

[root@desktop7 ~]#

[root@desktop7 ~]# ll /etc/inittab

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1666 Feb 27 06:57 /etc/inittab

[root@desktop7 ~]# rpm -qf /etc/inittab

initscripts-8.45.42-1.el5.centos

[root@desktop7 ~]# rpm -qd /etc/inittab

package /etc/inittab is not installed

[root@desktop7 ~]#

三、升级与更新软件包

四、卸载软件包

五、检验软件包变化状态

1、查询软件

[root@desktop7 ~]# rpm -q tar

tar-1.15.1-31.el5

2、软件路径

[root@desktop7 ~]# whereis tar

tar: /bin/tar /usr/share/man/man1/tar.1.gz

3、软件提供者

[root@desktop7 ~]# rpm -qf /bin/tar

tar-1.15.1-31.el5

4、软件包现在状态

[root@desktop7 ~]# rpm -V tar

5、文件最后异动时间

[root@desktop7 ~]# ls -l /bin/tar

-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 230464 Feb 24  2012 /bin/tar

6、修改异动时间

[root@desktop7 ~]# touch /bin/tar

7、查看最后异动时间

[root@desktop7 ~]# ls -l /bin/tar

-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 230464 Mar  3 05:50 /bin/tar

8、查看变化情况

[root@desktop7 ~]# rpm -V tar

.......T    /bin/tar

[root@desktop7 ~]#