Linux帐号管理[中]--用户管理

摘要：本文简要介绍了Linux帐号管理的用户管理。
Linux: Ubuntu10.0.4
1.系统管理员功能
1.1新建用户:useradd
  Usage: useradd [options] 
Options:
   -b, --base-dir BASE_DIR       base directory for the home directory of the
                                 new account
   -c, --comment COMMENT         GECOS field of the new account
   -d, --home-dir HOME_DIR       home directory of the new account
   -D, --defaults                print or change default useradd configuration
   -e, --expiredate EXPIRE_DATE  expiration date of the new account
   -f, --inactive INACTIVE       password inactivity period of the new account
   -g, --gid GROUP               name or ID of the primary group of the new
                                 account
   -G, --groups GROUPS           list of supplementary groups of the new
                                 account
   -h, --help                    display this help message and exit
   -k, --skel SKEL_DIR           use this alternative skeleton directory
   -K, --key KEY=VALUE           override /etc/login.defs defaults
   -l, --no-log-init             do not add the user to the lastlog and
                                 faillog databases
   -m, --create-home             create the user's home directory
   -M, --no-create-home          do not create the user's home directory
   -N, --no-user-group           do not create a group with the same name as
                                 the user
   -o, --non-unique              allow to create users with duplicate
                                 (non-unique) UID
   -p, --password PASSWORD       encrypted password of the new account
   -r, --system                  create a system account
   -s, --shell SHELL             login shell of the new account
   -u, --uid UID                 user ID of the new account
   -U, --user-group              create a group with the same name as the user
   -Z, --selinux-user SEUSER     use a specific SEUSER for the SELinux user mapping1.2修改用户：usermod
Usage: usermod [options] 
Options:
   -c, --comment COMMENT         new value of the GECOS field
   -d, --home HOME_DIR           new home directory for the user account
   -e, --expiredate EXPIRE_DATE  set account expiration date to EXPIRE_DATE
   -f, --inactive INACTIVE       set password inactive after expiration
                                 to INACTIVE
   -g, --gid GROUP               force use GROUP as new primary group
   -G, --groups GROUPS           new list of supplementary GROUPS
   -a, --append                  append the user to the supplemental GROUPS
                                 mentioned by the -G option without removing
                                 him/her from other groups
   -h, --help                    display this help message and exit
   -l, --login NEW_LOGIN         new value of the login name
   -L, --lock                    lock the user account
   -m, --move-home               move contents of the home directory to the
                                 new location (use only with -d)
   -o, --non-unique              allow using duplicate (non-unique) UID
   -p, --password PASSWORD       use encrypted password for the new password
   -s, --shell SHELL             new login shell for the user account
   -u, --uid UID                 new UID for the user account
   -U, --unlock                  unlock the user account
   -Z, --selinux-user            new SELinux user mapping for the user account1.3删除用户：userdel
Usage: userdel [options] 
Options:
   -f, --force                   force removal of files,
                                 even if not owned by user
   -h, --help                    display this help message and exit
   -r, --remove                  remove home directory and mail spool1.4设置密码：passwd
1.5详细密码设置：chage
Usage: chage [options] [LOGIN]
Options:
   -d, --lastday LAST_DAY        set date of last password change to LAST_DAY
   -E, --expiredate EXPIRE_DATE  set account expiration date to EXPIRE_DATE
   -h, --help                    display this help message and exit
   -I, --inactive INACTIVE       set password inactive after expiration
                                 to INACTIVE
   -l, --list                    show account aging information
   -m, --mindays MIN_DAYS        set minimum number of days before password
                                 change to MIN_DAYS
   -M, --maxdays MAX_DAYS        set maximim number of days before password
                                 change to MAX_DAYS
   -W, --warndays WARN_DAYS      set expiration warning days to WARN_DAYS2.普通用户功能
 2.1finger
  Login     Name       Tty      Idle  Login Time   Office     Office Phone
 fans      fans       tty7     6:22  Jun 21 09:40 (:0)
 fans      fans       pts/0          Jun 21 15:54 (:0.0)
  2.2chfn
  
  2.3chsh
  
  2.4id
  
  uid=1000(fans) gid=1000(fans) 组=4(adm),20(dialout),21(fax),24(cdrom),25(floppy),26(tape),30(dip),44(video),46(plugdev),104(fuse),105(lpadmin),119(admin),121(nopasswdlogin),122(sambashare),1000(fans)