sed基本用法：
sed: Stream EDitor
行编辑器 (全屏编辑器: vi)
sed: 将文本读入内存空间，模式空间
默认不编辑原文件，仅对模式空间中的数据做处理；而后，处理结束后，将模式空间打印至屏幕；
sed [options] 'AddressCommand' file ... -n: 静默模式，不再默认显示模式空间中的内容 -i: 直接修改原文件 -e SCRIPT -e SCRIPT:可以同时执行多个脚本 -f /PATH/TO/SED_SCRIPT sed -f /path/to/scripts file -r: 表示使用扩展正则表达式 Address： 1、StartLine,EndLine 比如1,100 $：最后一行 2、/RegExp/ /^root/ 3、/pattern1/,/pattern2/ 第一次被pattern1匹配到的行开始，至第一次被pattern2匹配到的行结束，这中间的所有行 4、LineNumber 指定的行 5、StartLine, +N 从startLine开始，向后的N行； Command： d: 删除符合条件的行； p: 显示符合条件的行； a \string: 在指定的行后面追加新行，内容为string \n：可以用于换行 i \string: 在指定的行前面添加新行，内容为string r FILE: 将指定的文件的内容添加至符合条件的行处 w FILE: 将地址指定的范围内的行另存至指定的文件中; s/pattern/string/修饰符: 查找并替换，默认只替换每行中第一次被模式匹配到的字符串 加修饰符 g: 全局替换 i: 忽略字符大小写 s///: s###, s@@@ \(\), \1, \2 l..e: like-->liker love-->lover like-->Like love-->Love &: 引用模式匹配整个串
练习：
# # /etc/fstab # Created by anaconda on Sun Jun 21 02:15:00 2015 # # Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk' # See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info # UUID=57d85756-7680-4c7c-9125-6ad67dae2c45 / ext4 defaults 1 1 UUID=2622a4b4-ddc9-47a3-aa2b-f06bc9bec085 /boot ext4 defaults 1 2 UUID=33d94759-fa01-4c4f-b4ac-bf3a1fe5e84f swap swap defaults 0 0 tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0 devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0 sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0 proc /proc proc defaults 0 0 [root@localhost ~]# sed 1,2d /etc/fstab # /etc/fstab # Created by anaconda on Sun Jun 21 02:15:00 2015 # # Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk' # See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info # UUID=57d85756-7680-4c7c-9125-6ad67dae2c45 / ext4 defaults 1 1 UUID=2622a4b4-ddc9-47a3-aa2b-f06bc9bec085 /boot ext4 defaults 1 2 UUID=33d94759-fa01-4c4f-b4ac-bf3a1fe5e84f swap swap defaults 0 0 tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0 devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0 sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0 proc /proc proc defaults 0 0 [root@localhost ~]#
练习：
[root@localhost ~]# sed '3,$d' /etc/fstab # [root@localhost ~]#
练习：
[rhel@localhost ~]$ sed '$r /etc/issue' /etc/fstab # # /etc/fstab # Created by anaconda on Sun Jun 21 02:15:00 2015 # # Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk' # See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info # UUID=57d85756-7680-4c7c-9125-6ad67dae2c45 / ext4 defaults 1 1 UUID=2622a4b4-ddc9-47a3-aa2b-f06bc9bec085 /boot ext4 defaults 1 2 UUID=33d94759-fa01-4c4f-b4ac-bf3a1fe5e84f swap swap defaults 0 0 tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0 devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0 sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0 proc /proc proc defaults 0 0 Red Hat Enterprise Server release 6.6 (Santiago) \m [rhel@localhost ~]$
练习：
[root@localhost ~]# sed '/oot/d' /etc/fstab # # /etc/fstab # Created by anaconda on Sun Jun 21 02:15:00 2015 # # Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk' # See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info # UUID=57d85756-7680-4c7c-9125-6ad67dae2c45 / ext4 defaults 1 1 UUID=33d94759-fa01-4c4f-b4ac-bf3a1fe5e84f swap swap defaults 0 0 tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0 devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0 sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0 proc /proc proc defaults 0 0 [root@localhost ~]#
练习：
[root@localhost ~]# sed -n '/^#/p' /etc/fstab # # /etc/fstab # Created by anaconda on Sun Jun 21 02:15:00 2015 # # Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk' # See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info # [root@localhost ~]#
练习：
[rhel@localhost ~]$ [rhel@localhost ~]$ sed '/oot/w /tmp/oot.txt' /etc/fstab # # /etc/fstab # Created by anaconda on Sun Jun 21 02:15:00 2015 # # Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk' # See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info # UUID=57d85756-7680-4c7c-9125-6ad67dae2c45 / ext4 defaults 1 1 UUID=2622a4b4-ddc9-47a3-aa2b-f06bc9bec085 /boot ext4 defaults 1 2 UUID=33d94759-fa01-4c4f-b4ac-bf3a1fe5e84f swap swap defaults 0 0 tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0 devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0 sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0 proc /proc proc defaults 0 0 [rhel@localhost ~]$ cat /tmp/oot.txt UUID=2622a4b4-ddc9-47a3-aa2b-f06bc9bec085 /boot ext4 defaults 1 2 [rhel@localhost ~]$
练习：
[rhel@localhost ~]$ sed 's/oot/OOT/' /etc/fstab # # /etc/fstab # Created by anaconda on Sun Jun 21 02:15:00 2015 # # Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk' # See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info # UUID=57d85756-7680-4c7c-9125-6ad67dae2c45 / ext4 defaults 1 1 UUID=2622a4b4-ddc9-47a3-aa2b-f06bc9bec085 /bOOT ext4 defaults 1 2 UUID=33d94759-fa01-4c4f-b4ac-bf3a1fe5e84f swap swap defaults 0 0 tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0 devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0 sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0 proc /proc proc defaults 0 0 [rhel@localhost ~]$
练习：
[rhel@localhost ~]$ sed 's/\//#/g' /etc/fstab # # #etc#fstab # Created by anaconda on Sun Jun 21 02:15:00 2015 # # Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '#dev#disk' # See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and#or blkid(8) for more info # UUID=57d85756-7680-4c7c-9125-6ad67dae2c45 # ext4 defaults 1 1 UUID=2622a4b4-ddc9-47a3-aa2b-f06bc9bec085 #boot ext4 defaults 1 2 UUID=33d94759-fa01-4c4f-b4ac-bf3a1fe5e84f swap swap defaults 0 0 tmpfs #dev#shm tmpfs defaults 0 0 devpts #dev#pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0 sysfs #sys sysfs defaults 0 0 proc #proc proc defaults 0 0
练习：
[rhel@localhost ~]$ nano sed.txt [rhel@localhost ~]$ sed 's/l..e/&r/g' ./sed.txt liker lover [rhel@localhost ~]$ cat ./sed.txt like love [rhel@localhost ~]$ 练习： [rhel@localhost ~]$ sed 's/l\(..e\)/L\1/g' ./sed.txt Like Love [rhel@localhost ~]$
练习：
[root@localhost ~]# history | sed 's#^[[:space:]]*##g' 1 history | sed ‘s#[[:space:]]*##g’ 2 sed -r 's@^[[:space:]]+@@g' /etc/grub.conf 3 history | sed ‘s#[[:space:]]+##g’ 4 history | sed 's#[[:space:]]+##g' 5 history | sed 's#[[:space:]]*##g' 6 history | sed 's#^[[:space:]]*##g'
sed练习：
1、删除/etc/grub.conf文件中行首的空白符； sed -r 's@^[[:spapce:]]+@@g' /etc/grub.conf 2、替换/etc/inittab文件中"id:3:initdefault:"一行中的数字为5； sed 's@\(id:\)[0-9]\(:initdefault:\)@\15\2@g' /etc/inittab 3、删除/etc/inittab文件中的空白行； sed '/^$/d' /etc/inittab 4、删除/etc/inittab文件中开头的#号; sed 's@^#@@g' /etc/inittab 5、删除某文件中开头的#号及后面的空白字符，但要求#号后面必须有空白字符; sed -r 's@^#[[:space:]]+@@g' /etc/inittab 6、删除某文件中以空白字符后面跟#类的行中的开头的空白字符及# sed -r 's@^[[:space:]]+#@@g' /etc/inittab 7、取出一个文件路径的目录名称; echo "/etc/rc.d/" | sed -r 's@^(/.*/)[^/]+/?@\1@g' 基名： echo "/etc/rc.d/" | sed -r 's@^/.*/([^/]+)/?@\1@g'
