trap 
mktemp
install
expect #需要安装
declare -a
declare -A 
name=(zhang wang li)
echo ${name[*]}

declare -A m=([a1]=wang [a2]=li)
echo ${#xixi[*]}

echo ${!shuguo[*]}

~]# for n in ${!shuguo[*]};do echo hello ${shuguo[$n]}; done
~]# mknod /data/ling c 1 5
~]# ll /data/ling
crw-r--r-- 1 root root 1, 5 Dec 27 17:10 /data/ling
~]# hexdump -C /dev/zero
fdisk -u=cylinder -l /dev/sda

lsblk
lsblk -d
lsblk -d -o name,size

gdisk

parted
parted /dev/sdb -l
parted /dev/sdb mkpart primary 1M 2000M


mkfs.xfs /dev/sdb1
mkswap
mkfs.ext4

mkfs.vfat
~]#ls /lib/modules/`uname -r`/kernel/fs
tune2fs   #ext系列文件系统工具
xfs_info  #xfs文件系统工具
e2fsck       #ext系列文件系统修复工具
xfs_repair   #xfs文件系统修复工具
mount
umount

mount -a 
mount -r

findmnt /dev/sda1
fuser -v /mnt
fuser -km /mnt

cat /proc/mounts
swapon -a
swapon -s
cat /proc/swaps
~]# systemctl --type swap

swapoff -a
~]# dd if=/dev/sda of=/tmp/test.img bs=1M count=1000

~]# dd if=f1.txt of=f2.txt bs=1 count=2 skip=4 seek=2