教程目的: Linux 下 Mysql主、从双向同步
使用工具:Putty、SecureCRT等远程工具
适用系统:Linux 系列系统
操作过程:
1.两台安装好数据库服务器主机,互相可以访问(由于MySQL不同版本之间的(二进制日志)binlog格式可能会不一样,因此最好的搭配组合是Master的MySQL版本和Slave的版本相同,或者Master的版本肯定不能高于Slave版本。)
例如:
Master: DaoBiDaoA (10.135.28.112)
Slave: DaoBiDaoB (10.132.21.19)
2.设置Master服务器
在Mysql配置文件my.cnf (一般是存放在 /etc/my.cnf ) 中,找到 server-id 编辑
1 2 3 | server-id = 1 binlog-do-db = daobidao binlog-ignore-db = mysql |
其中:server-id 是设置数据库服务编号,binlog-do-db 是设置需要记录二进制日志的数据库(如果是多个数据库需要记录二进制日志,就在添加一条此信息),binlog-ignore-db 是设置不需要记录二进制日志的数据库。
注意:需要开启log-bin二进制日志文件
1 | log-bin=mysql-bin |
启动Mysql服务,添加同步数据库服务用户信息
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 | mysql> CREATE USER 'daobidao'@'10.132.21.19' IDENTIFIED BY 'daobidao'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> GRANT ALL ON daobidao.* TO 'daobidao'@'10.132.21.19'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES ; ERROR 2006 (HY000): MySQL server has gone away No connection. Trying to reconnect... Connection id: 53 Current database: *** NONE *** Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) |
其中:命令: CREATE USER 'username'@'host' IDENTIFIED BY 'password'; 是创建用户;例如命令:CREATE USER 'daobidao'@'10.132.21.19' IDENTIFIED BY 'daobidao'; 创建用户daobidao,并且指定允许登录ip地址为10.132.21.19(此ip地址为Slave的ip地址),密码为daobidao。GRANT ALL ON daobidao.* TO 'daobidao'@'10.132.21.19'; 此命令是授权daobidao用户对数据库daobidao有所有权限。
3.配置Slave服务器my.cnf
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 | server-id = 2 binlog-do-db = daobidao binlog-ignore-db = mysql master-host = 10.135.28.112 master-user = daobidao master-password = daobidao master-port = 3306 replicate-ignore-db = mysql replicate-do-db = daobidao |
其中:master-host = 10.135.28.112 是设置Master的服务器地址,master-user = daobidao 同步到用户名,master-password = daobidao 同步用户的密码,master-port = 3306 Master的端口,replicate-ignore-db = mysql 指定不进行同步的数据库,replicate-do-db = daobidao 指定进行同步的数据库,如需要同步多个数据库,就写多条此信息。
4.查看Master的数据库信息
mysql> show master status;
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 | No connection. Trying to reconnect... Connection id: 1 Current database: *** NONE *** +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ | mysql-bin.000007 | 6520 | daobidao | mysql | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) |
其中:需要看到是File和Position的记录信息。
5.Slave设置同步(此步操作完成,就实现了Slave同步Master数据库)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 | mysql> slave stop; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> change master to master_host='10.135.28.112', master_user='daobidao',
master_password='daobidao', master_log_file='mysql-bin.000007', master_log_pos=6520; ERROR 2006 (HY000): MySQL server has gone away No connection. Trying to reconnect... Connection id: 43 Current database: *** NONE *** Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.14 sec) mysql> slave start; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> show slave status\G; *************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting to reconnect after a failed master event read
Master_Host: 10.135.28.112
Master_User: daobidao
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000007
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 6520
Relay_Log_File: AY130424102832Z-relay-bin.000001
Relay_Log_Pos: 4
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000007
Slave_IO_Running: No
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 6520
Relay_Log_Space: 106
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error: 1 row in set (0.00 sec) |
一般主要看到:Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes 如果都是yes,那代表已经在同步。