来自于：http://bbs.51osos.com/thread-12855-1-2.html
从 1970 年开始，vi 和 vim 就成为了程序员最喜爱的文本编辑器之一。5年前，我写了一个问自己名为 “每个程序员都应该知道的 100 个 vim 命令” 这次算是之前那篇文章的改进版，希望你会喜欢。
基础
:e filename
Open filename for edition
:w
Save file
:q
Exit Vim
:q!
Quit without saving
:x
Write file (if changes has been made) and exit
:sav filename
Saves file as filename
.
Repeats the last change made in normal mode
5.
Repeats 5 times the last change made in normal mode
在文件中移动
k or Up Arrow
move the cursor up one line
j or Down Arrow
move the cursor down one line
e
move the cursor to the end of the word
b
move the cursor to the begining of the word
0
move the cursor to the begining of the line
G
move the cursor to the end of the line
gg
move the cursor to the begining of the file
L
move the cursor to the end of the file
:59
move cursor to line 59. Replace 59 by the desired line number.
20|
move cursor to column 20.
%
Move cursor to matching parenthesis
[[
Jump to function start
[{
Jump to block start
剪切、复制和粘贴
y
Copy the selected text to clipboard
p
Paste clipboard contents
dd
Cut current line
yy
Copy current line
y$
Copy to end of line
D
Cut to end of line
搜索
/word
Search word from top to bottom
?word
Search word from bottom to top
*
Search the word under cursor
/\cstring
Search STRING or string, case insensitive
/jo[ha]n
Search john or joan
/\< the
Search the, theatre or then
/the\>
Search the or breathe
/\< the\>
Search the
/\< |.\>
Search all words of 4 letters
/\/
Search fred but not alfred or frederick
/fred\|joe
Search fred or joe
/\<\d\d\d\d\>
Search exactly 4 digits
/^\n\{3}
Find 3 empty lines
:bufdo /searchstr/
Search in all open files
bufdo %s/something/somethingelse/g
Search something in all the open buffers and replace it withsomethingelse
替换
:%s/old/new/g
Replace all occurences of old by new in file
:%s/onward/forward/gi
Replace onward by forward, case unsensitive
:%s/old/new/gc
Replace all occurences with confirmation
:2,35s/old/new/g
Replace all occurences between lines 2 and 35
:5,$s/old/new/g
Replace all occurences from line 5 to EOF
:%s/^/hello/g
Replace the begining of each line by hello
:%s/$/Harry/g
Replace the end of each line by Harry
:%s/onward/forward/gi
Replace onward by forward, case unsensitive
:%s/ *$//g
Delete all white spaces
:g/string/d
Delete all lines containing string
:v/string/d
Delete all lines containing which didn’t contain string
:s/Bill/Steve/
Replace the first occurence of Bill by Steve in current line
:s/Bill/Steve/g
Replace Bill by Steve in current line
:%s/Bill/Steve/g
Replace Bill by Steve in all the file
:%s/^M//g
Delete DOS carriage returns (^M)
:%s/\r/\r/g
Transform DOS carriage returns in returns
:%s#<[^>]\+>##g
Delete HTML tags but keeps text
:%s/^\(.*\)\n\1$/\1/
Delete lines which appears twice
Ctrl+a
Increment number under the cursor
Ctrl+x
Decrement number under cursor
ggVGg?
Change text to Rot13
大小写
Vu
Lowercase line
VU
Uppercase line
g~~
Invert case
vEU
Switch word to uppercase
vE~
Modify word case
ggguG
Set all text to lowercase
gggUG
Set all text to uppercase
:set ignorecase
Ignore case in searches
:set smartcase
Ignore case in searches excepted if an uppercase letter is used
:%s/\<./\u&/g
Sets first letter of each word to uppercase
:%s/\<./\l&/g
Sets first letter of each word to lowercase
:%s/.*/\u&
Sets first letter of each line to uppercase
:%s/.*/\l&
Sets first letter of each line to lowercase
读写文件
:1,10 w outfile
Saves lines 1 to 10 in outfile
:1,10 w >> outfile
Appends lines 1 to 10 to outfile
:r infile
Insert the content of infile
:23r infile
Insert the content of infile under line 23
文件浏览器
:e .
Open integrated file explorer
:Sex
Split window and open integrated file explorer
:Sex!
Same as :Sex but split window vertically
:browse e
Graphical file explorer
:ls
List buffers
:cd ..
Move to parent directory
:args
List files
:args *.php
Open file list
:grep expression *.php
Returns a list of .php files contening expression
gf
Open file name under cursor
和 Unix 系统交互
:!pwd
Execute the pwd unix command, then returns to Vi
!!pwd
Execute the pwd unix command and insert output in file
:sh
Temporary returns to Unix
$exit
Retourns to Vi
对齐
:%!fmt
Align all lines
!}fmt
Align all lines at the current position
5!!fmt
Align the next 5 lines
Tabs/Windows
:tabnew
Creates a new tab
gt
Show next tab
:tabfirst
Show first tab
:tablast
Show last tab
:tabm n(position)
Rearrange tabs
:tabdo %s/foo/bar/g
Execute a command in all tabs
:tab ball
Puts all open files in tabs
:new abc.txt
Edit abc.txt in new window
分屏显示
:e filename
Edit filename in current window
:split filename
Split the window and open filename
ctrl-w up arrow
Puts cursor in top window
ctrl-w ctrl-w
Puts cursor in next window
ctrl-w_
Maximize current window vertically
ctrl-w|
Maximize current window horizontally
ctrl-w=
Gives the same size to all windows
10 ctrl-w+
Add 10 lines to current window
:vsplit file
Split window vertically
:sview file
Same as :split in readonly mode
:hide
Close current window
:-nly
Close all windows, excepted current
:b 2
Open #2 in this window
自动完成
Ctrl+n Ctrl+p (in insert mode)
Complete word
Ctrl+x Ctrl+l
Complete line
:set dictionary=dict
Define dict as a dictionnary
Ctrl+x Ctrl+k
Complete with dictionnary
Marks
m {a-z}
Marks current position as {a-z}
' {a-z}
Move to position {a-z}
''
Move to previous position
缩写
:ab mail mail@provider.org
Define mail as abbreviation of mail@provider.org
文本缩进
:set autoindent
Turn on auto-indent
:set smartindent
Turn on intelligent auto-indent
:set shift
Defines 4 spaces as indent size
ctrl-t, ctrl-d
Indent/un-indent in insert mode
>>
Indent
<<
Un-indent
=%
Indent the code between parenthesis
1GVG=
Indent the whole file
语法高亮
:syntax on
Turn on syntax highlighting
:syntax off
Turn off syntax highlighting
:set syntax=perl
Force syntax highlighting
via catswhocode
