本文主要介绍如何使用grafana中可视化配置图表Table，与传统的表格展示方式不同，Grafana的Table支持丰富的可视化配置，可以将数据以行列形式展示出来。同时，还可以将Table与其他图表（如折线图、柱状图等）进行组合，实现多维度数据的展示。本文最终的显示效果
前面相关文章：1、自定义grafana-time-serial(数据源Prometheus) https://blog.51cto.com/chier11/10003772 2、Prometheus部署及其使用(blackbox+grafana) https://blog.51cto.com/chier11/9736763
准备工作
1、服务和数据来源均正常运行：grafana、prometheus等；grafana的数据源已接入prometheus；对于公网地址的ping已经采集到数据；
2、监控指标项已经确定：probe_success、probe_dns_lookup_time_seconds、probe_duration_seconds，以及使用的函数(如sum_over_time)已经确定;
3、变量：配置获取ip地址、以及分组(此处使用vsr_icmp组名)等进行筛选；
前期工作
配置自定义变量
1、配置变量获取ip地址，前面文章已经介绍，此处省略：
2、配置筛选的分组(因为后面很多和分组有关，所以写成变量，也可以直接写固定的名称，比如group=“vsr_icmp”)，该变量如下：
目前自定义的变量有：ip_addr获取ip地址、group获取icmp的分组信息
查看效果：
确定使用的指标项和涉及的函数
大致涉及的指标项和函数如下（组名：vsr_icmp和自定义变量ip_addr）：
##以下4个指标项，涉及的自定义变量和组信息等根据需求自行就行，此处只提供例子
1、连通性：probe_success{instance=~"$ip_addr"} - 0
2、DNS解析：probe_dns_lookup_time_seconds{group="vsr_icmp"}
3、耗时：probe_duration_seconds{group="vsr_icmp"} - 0
4、1H可用率：sum_over_time(probe_success{group="vsr_icmp"}[60m])/count_over_time(probe_success{group="vsr_icmp"}[60m])配置table对应的列值--指标项和函数
此处包含组名、公网地址、连通性、DNS解析、耗时(延迟)、1H可用率等六项。
选择【table】可视化类型。然后在“指标编辑区”内填写table值的指标项。
添加”连通性“，如图
添加”DNS解析“，如图
添加“延时”，如图
添加“1H可用率”，如图
汇总的 指标编辑区。
配置table的显示效果
以下所有操作均在【table】视图编辑的【override】中添加和编辑
添加实例显示名
--intaence 的 override属性。选择“Fields with name”
添加显示名称 "+Add override property" 中的 “Standard options>Display name” 选项，填写“公网地址”
添加显示单位 "+Add override property" 中的 “Standard options>Unit” 选项，选择：Misc中的short
添加 "+Add override property" 中的 “Standard options>Decimals” 选项，填写“2”
整个公网地址显示属性如下：
添加连通性图形显示
其他略过，只说下：添加 "+Add override property" 中的 “Value mappings > Value mappings” 选项，然后对应填写“相应的值对应的颜色”
该部分最终效果
添加dns解析图形显示
其他略过，只说下：添加 "+Add override property" 中的 “Thresholds > Thresholds ” 选项，然后对应填写“相应的值对应的颜色”
该部分最终效果
添加耗时图形显示
最终效果
添加1H可用率图形显示
这里增加一个超过0.99开始变色，0.9变为黄色，低于0.9显示红色
继续配置table编辑的图层
添加“Transform data”
选择“Merge series/tables” 类型
继续添加 “+ Add another transformation”
选择“Organize fields by name”
选择显示的字段和需要隐藏的字段
最终整体效果显示
组里全部ip地址
单个ip地址显示
整体json--grafana版
以下json显示如上图，相应参数修改需根据实际情况进行调整。
{
"annotations": {
"list": [
{
"builtIn": 1,
"datasource": {
"type": "grafana",
"uid": "-- Grafana --"
},
"enable": true,
"hide": true,
"iconColor": "rgba(0, 211, 255, 1)",
"name": "Annotations & Alerts",
"type": "dashboard"
}
]
},
"editable": true,
"fiscalYearStartMonth": 0,
"graphTooltip": 0,
"id": 8,
"links": [],
"liveNow": false,
"panels": [
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "d1bfba55-f3f4-4b11-8530-b1e0e0ca6db0"
},
"fieldConfig": {
"defaults": {
"color": {
"mode": "thresholds"
},
"custom": {
"align": "center",
"cellOptions": {
"type": "auto"
},
"inspect": false
},
"mappings": [],
"thresholds": {
"mode": "absolute",
"steps": [
{
"color": "green",
"value": null
}
]
},
"unitScale": true
},
"overrides": [
{
"matcher": {
"id": "byName",
"options": "instance"
},
"properties": [
{
"id": "displayName",
"value": "公网地址"
},
{
"id": "unit",
"value": "short"
},
{
"id": "decimals",
"value": 2
}
]
},
{
"matcher": {
"id": "byName",
"options": "Value #A"
},
"properties": [
{
"id": "displayName",
"value": "连通状态"
},
{
"id": "custom.cellOptions",
"value": {
"type": "color-background"
}
},
{
"id": "custom.align",
"value": "center"
},
{
"id": "mappings",
"value": [
{
"options": {
"0": {
"color": "semi-dark-red",
"index": 1,
"text": "离线"
},
"1": {
"color": "semi-dark-green",
"index": 0,
"text": "在线"
}
},
"type": "value"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"matcher": {
"id": "byName",
"options": "Value #B"
},
"properties": [
{
"id": "displayName",
"value": "DNS解析"
},
{
"id": "custom.cellOptions",
"value": {
"type": "color-background"
}
},
{
"id": "custom.align",
"value": "center"
},
{
"id": "decimals",
"value": 2
},
{
"id": "unit",
"value": "s"
},
{
"id": "thresholds",
"value": {
"mode": "absolute",
"steps": [
{
"color": "green",
"value": null
},
{
"color": "yellow",
"value": 0.01
},
{
"color": "red",
"value": 0.02
}
]
}
}
]
},
{
"matcher": {
"id": "byName",
"options": "Value #C"
},
"properties": [
{
"id": "displayName",
"value": "耗时"
},
{
"id": "unit",
"value": "s"
},
{
"id": "custom.cellOptions",
"value": {
"mode": "lcd",
"type": "gauge",
"valueDisplayMode": "text"
}
},
{
"id": "decimals",
"value": 2
},
{
"id": "color",
"value": {
"mode": "continuous-GrYlRd"
}
},
{
"id": "max",
"value": 0.5
},
{
"id": "custom.align",
"value": "center"
}
]
},
{
"matcher": {
"id": "byName",
"options": "Value #D"
},
"properties": [
{
"id": "displayName",
"value": "1H可用率"
},
{
"id": "unit",
"value": "percentunit"
},
{
"id": "custom.cellOptions",
"value": {
"mode": "basic",
"type": "gauge",
"valueDisplayMode": "text"
}
},
{
"id": "color",
"value": {
"mode": "thresholds"
}
},
{
"id": "max",
"value": 1
},
{
"id": "thresholds",
"value": {
"mode": "absolute",
"steps": [
{
"color": "red",
"value": null
},
{
"color": "yellow",
"value": 0.9
},
{
"color": "light-green",
"value": 0.99
}
]
}
}
]
},
{
"matcher": {
"id": "byName",
"options": "DNS解析"
},
"properties": [
{
"id": "custom.width",
"value": 162
}
]
},
{
"matcher": {
"id": "byName",
"options": "连通状态"
},
"properties": [
{
"id": "custom.width",
"value": 112
}
]
},
{
"matcher": {
"id": "byName",
"options": "耗时"
},
"properties": [
{
"id": "custom.width",
"value": 625
}
]
},
{
"matcher": {
"id": "byName",
"options": "公网地址"
},
"properties": [
{
"id": "custom.width",
"value": 173
}
]
},
{
"matcher": {
"id": "byName",
"options": "组名"
},
"properties": [
{
"id": "custom.width",
"value": 104
}
]
},
{
"matcher": {
"id": "byName",
"options": "1H可用率"
},
"properties": [
{
"id": "custom.width",
"value": 218
}
]
}
]
},
"gridPos": {
"h": 7,
"w": 24,
"x": 0,
"y": 0
},
"id": 2,
"options": {
"cellHeight": "md",
"footer": {
"countRows": false,
"fields": "",
"reducer": [
"sum"
],
"show": false
},
"frameIndex": 3,
"showHeader": true,
"sortBy": [
{
"desc": false,
"displayName": "1H可用率"
}
]
},
"pluginVersion": "10.3.3",
"targets": [
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "d1bfba55-f3f4-4b11-8530-b1e0e0ca6db0"
},
"editorMode": "code",
"exemplar": false,
"expr": "probe_success{group=~\"vsr_icmp\",job=~\"icmp_status\",instance=~\"$ip_addr\"} - 0",
"format": "table",
"instant": true,
"legendFormat": "",
"range": false,
"refId": "A"
},
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "d1bfba55-f3f4-4b11-8530-b1e0e0ca6db0"
},
"editorMode": "code",
"exemplar": false,
"expr": "probe_dns_lookup_time_seconds{group=~\"vsr_icmp\",job=~\"icmp_status\",instance=~\"$ip_addr\"}",
"format": "table",
"hide": false,
"instant": true,
"legendFormat": "",
"range": false,
"refId": "B"
},
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "d1bfba55-f3f4-4b11-8530-b1e0e0ca6db0"
},
"editorMode": "code",
"exemplar": false,
"expr": "probe_duration_seconds{group=~\"vsr_icmp\",job=~\"icmp_status\",instance=~\"$ip_addr\"} - 0",
"format": "table",
"hide": false,
"instant": true,
"legendFormat": "",
"range": false,
"refId": "C"
},
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "d1bfba55-f3f4-4b11-8530-b1e0e0ca6db0"
},
"editorMode": "code",
"exemplar": false,
"expr": "sum_over_time(probe_success{group=~\"vsr_icmp\",job=~\"icmp_status\",instance=~\"$ip_addr\"}[60m])/count_over_time(probe_success{group=~\"vsr_icmp\",job=~\"icmp_status\",instance=~\"$ip_addr\"}[60m])",
"format": "table",
"hide": false,
"instant": true,
"legendFormat": "",
"range": false,
"refId": "D"
}
],
"title": "检测明细 $ip_addr",
"transformations": [
{
"id": "merge",
"options": {}
},
{
"id": "organize",
"options": {
"excludeByName": {
"Time": true,
"__name__": true,
"job": true
},
"includeByName": {},
"indexByName": {},
"renameByName": {
"group": "组名",
"job": ""
}
}
}
],
"type": "table"
},
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "d1bfba55-f3f4-4b11-8530-b1e0e0ca6db0"
},
"description": "",
"fieldConfig": {
"defaults": {
"color": {
"mode": "palette-classic"
},
"custom": {
"axisBorderShow": false,
"axisCenteredZero": false,
"axisColorMode": "text",
"axisLabel": "ICMP时延",
"axisPlacement": "left",
"axisSoftMax": 10,
"axisSoftMin": 0,
"barAlignment": 0,
"drawStyle": "line",
"fillOpacity": 0,
"gradientMode": "none",
"hideFrom": {
"legend": false,
"tooltip": false,
"viz": false
},
"insertNulls": false,
"lineInterpolation": "smooth",
"lineStyle": {
"fill": "solid"
},
"lineWidth": 1,
"pointSize": 4,
"scaleDistribution": {
"type": "linear"
},
"showPoints": "auto",
"spanNulls": false,
"stacking": {
"group": "A",
"mode": "none"
},
"thresholdsStyle": {
"mode": "off"
}
},
"fieldMinMax": false,
"mappings": [],
"thresholds": {
"mode": "absolute",
"steps": [
{
"color": "green",
"value": null
}
]
},
"unit": "s",
"unitScale": true
},
"overrides": []
},
"gridPos": {
"h": 10,
"w": 24,
"x": 0,
"y": 7
},
"id": 1,
"options": {
"legend": {
"calcs": [
"min",
"max",
"mean",
"last"
],
"displayMode": "table",
"placement": "bottom",
"showLegend": true,
"sortBy": "Name",
"sortDesc": false
},
"tooltip": {
"mode": "multi",
"sort": "desc"
}
},
"targets": [
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "d1bfba55-f3f4-4b11-8530-b1e0e0ca6db0"
},
"editorMode": "code",
"expr": "probe_duration_seconds{group=\"vsr_icmp\",job=\"icmp_status\",instance=~\"$ip_addr\"}",
"instant": false,
"legendFormat": "{{ instance }}",
"range": true,
"refId": "A"
}
],
"title": "拨测延时 $ip_addr",
"type": "timeseries"
}
],
"refresh": "auto",
"schemaVersion": 39,
"tags": [],
"templating": {
"list": [
{
"allValue": "",
"current": {
"selected": true,
"text": [
"All"
],
"value": [
"$__all"
]
},
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "d1bfba55-f3f4-4b11-8530-b1e0e0ca6db0"
},
"definition": "label_values(probe_icmp_duration_seconds,instance)",
"hide": 0,
"includeAll": true,
"label": "",
"multi": true,
"name": "ip_addr",
"options": [],
"query": {
"qryType": 1,
"query": "label_values(probe_icmp_duration_seconds,instance)",
"refId": "PrometheusVariableQueryEditor-VariableQuery"
},
"refresh": 1,
"regex": "",
"skipUrlSync": false,
"sort": 0,
"type": "query"
},
{
"current": {
"selected": true,
"text": [
"vsr_icmp"
],
"value": [
"vsr_icmp"
]
},
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "d1bfba55-f3f4-4b11-8530-b1e0e0ca6db0"
},
"definition": "label_values(probe_icmp_duration_seconds,group)",
"hide": 0,
"includeAll": true,
"label": "group",
"multi": true,
"name": "group",
"options": [],
"query": {
"qryType": 1,
"query": "label_values(probe_icmp_duration_seconds,group)",
"refId": "PrometheusVariableQueryEditor-VariableQuery"
},
"refresh": 1,
"regex": "",
"skipUrlSync": false,
"sort": 0,
"type": "query"
}
]
},
"time": {
"from": "now-30m",
"to": "now"
},
"timepicker": {},
"timezone": "browser",
"title": "my_icmp 拨测",
"uid": "df7083ca-79e2-4a81-8efc-d020a07ba6fc",
"version": 25,
"weekStart": ""
}相关prometheus的配置脚本
此处只展示prometheus中icmp配置和icmp有关的配置
prometheus.yml配置行：/usr/local/prometheus/conf.d/icmp_get/*.yml
- job_name: icmp_status
metrics_path: /probe
params:
module: [icmp]
file_sd_configs:
- files: ['/usr/local/prometheus/conf.d/icmp_get/*.yml']
refresh_interval: 10s
relabel_configs:
- source_labels: [__address__]
target_label: __param_target
- source_labels: [__param_target]
target_label: instance
- target_label: __address__
replacement: 10.0.185.22:9115 ##IP地址
ip地址配置文件 /usr/local/prometheus/conf.d/icmp_get/*.yml
- targets：
- 3.1.3.4
- 3.1.3.5
- 3.1.3.6
labels:
group: 'vsr_icmp' ##根据实际添加参数和值
以上是prometheus的blackbox中icmp的grafana配置，如有问题可留言。
