修改/etc/yum.conf

[root@node03 ~]# vim /etc/yum.conf
[main]
cachedir=/var/cache/yum/$basearch/$releasever
keepcache=0  <----------- 这里改为1
debuglevel=2
logfile=/var/log/yum.log
exactarch=1
obsoletes=1
gpgcheck=1
plugins=1
installonly_limit=5
bugtracker_url=http://bugs.centos.org/set_project.php?project_id=23&ref=http://bugs.centos.org/bug_report_page.php?category=yum
distroverpkg=centos-release

查看目录/var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/

[root@node03 ~]# ll /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/

查看如下目录即可：

/var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/base/packages/
/var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/epel/packages/
/var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/extras/packages/
/var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/updates/packages/

使用yum-utils

yum install -y yum-utils
yumdownloader --destdir=/root/software bash-completion
                 |                         |
                 |---> 指定下载目录          |--->要安装的软件包