五、演示SQL*Loader
1.SQL*Loader可执行程序(sqlldr)所在的位置
[oracle@oradb ~]$ ls -lh $ORACLE_HOME/bin/sql*
-rwxr-x--x 1 oracle oinstall 634K Sep 13 20:01 /u01/app/oracle/10g/bin/sqlldr
2.查看sqlldr的帮助信息，
[oracle@oradb ~]$ sqlldr
SQL*Loader: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Sep 23 10:38:31 2010
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Usage: SQLLDR keyword=value [,keyword=value,...]
Valid Keywords:
userid -- ORACLE username/password
control -- control file name
log -- log file name
bad -- bad file name
data -- data file name
discard -- discard file name
discardmax -- number of discards to allow (Default all)
skip -- number of logical records to skip (Default 0)
load -- number of logical records to load (Default all)
errors -- number of errors to allow (Default 50)
rows -- number of rows in conventional path bind array or between direct path data saves
(Default: Conventional path 64, Direct path all)
bindsize -- size of conventional path bind array in bytes (Default 256000)
silent -- suppress messages during run (header,feedback,errors,discards,partitions)
direct -- use direct path (Default FALSE)
parfile -- parameter file: name of file that contains parameter specifications
parallel -- do parallel load (Default FALSE)
file -- file to allocate extents from
skip_unusable_indexes -- disallow/allow unusable indexes or index partitions (Default FALSE)
skip_index_maintenance -- do not maintain indexes, mark affected indexes as unusable (Default FALSE)
commit_discontinued -- commit loaded rows when load is discontinued (Default FALSE)
readsize -- size of read buffer (Default 1048576)
external_table -- use external table for load; NOT_USED, GENERATE_ONLY, EXECUTE (Default NOT_USED)
columnarrayrows -- number of rows for direct path column array (Default 5000)
streamsize -- size of direct path stream buffer in bytes (Default 256000)
multithreading -- use multithreading in direct path
resumable -- enable or disable resumable for current session (Default FALSE)
resumable_name -- text string to help identify resumable statement
resumable_timeout -- wait time (in seconds) for RESUMABLE (Default 7200)
date_cache -- size (in entries) of date conversion cache (Default 1000)
PLEASE NOTE: Command-line parameters may be specified either by
position or by keywords. An example of the former case is 'sqlldr
scott/tiger foo'; an example of the latter is 'sqlldr control=foo
userid=scott/tiger'. One may specify parameters by position before
but not after parameters specified by keywords. For example,
'sqlldr scott/tiger control=foo logfile=log' is allowed, but
'sqlldr scott/tiger control=foo log' is not, even though the
position of the parameter 'log' is correct.
3.将数据文件和控制文件组合在一起
[oracle@oradb ~]$ cat sqlldr_demo/demo1.ctl
LOAD DATA
INFILE *
INTO TABLE DEPT
FIELDS TERMINATED BY ','
(DEPTNO, DNAME, LOC )
BEGINDATA
10,Sales,Virginia
20,Accounting,Virginia
30,Consulting,Virginia
40,Finance,Virginia
SQL> show user;
USER is "ROBINSON"
SQL> create table dept
2 (deptno number(2) constraint dept_pk primary key,
3 dname varchar2(20),
4 loc varchar2(20));
Table created.
[oracle@oradb sqlldr_demo]$ sqlldr robinson/robinson control=demo1.ctl
SQL*Loader: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Sep 23 11:29:34 2010
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Commit point reached - logical record count 4
SQL> select * from dept;
DEPTNO DNAME LOC
---------- -------------------- --------------------
10 Sales Virginia
20 Accounting Virginia
30 Consulting Virginia
40 Finance Virginia
4.将数据文件和控制文件分离实现数据装载
[oracle@oradb sqlldr_demo]$ cat demo1.ctl demo1.data --查看分离后两者的内容
LOAD DATA
INFILE demo1.data
INTO TABLE DEPT
FIELDS TERMINATED BY ','
(DEPTNO, DNAME, LOC )
10,Sales,Virginia
20,Accounting,Virginia
30,Consulting,Virginia
40,Finance,Virginia
[oracle@oradb sqlldr_demo]$ sqlldr robinson/robinson control=demo1.ctl log=demo1.log
SQL*Loader: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Sep 23 12:21:35 2010
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
SQL*Loader-601: For INSERT option, table must be empty. Error on table DEPT
SQL> truncate table dept; --收到了SQL*Loader-601错误提示，清空原表
[oracle@oradb sqlldr_demo]$ sqlldr robinson/robinson control=demo1.ctl log=demo1.log
SQL*Loader: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Sep 23 12:22:39 2010
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Commit point reached - logical record count 4 --再次正常导入
