在Centos6.6上安装MySQL5.7.12时,遇到了一个问题
安装后在/root目录下没有发现有.mysql_secret这个文件,所以没有没法按照官方文档上说的那样使用,这里记录下,
解决方式:
[root@test ~]# mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables &] ~]# --19T12::.564385Z mysqld_safe Logging to --19T12::.589376Z mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/~]# -ef | : pts/ :: /bin/ /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --skip-grant- : pts/ :: /usr/sbin/mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --plugin-=/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin --user=mysql --skip-grant-tables --log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log --pid-=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid --socket=/var/lib/mysql/ [root@test ~]# mysql
成功登录MySQL后:
切换到mysql系统库:mysql> use mysql;修改root账户登录密码:mysql> update user set password=password('') where user='root'; ERROR 1054 (42S22): Unknown column 'password' in 'field list'---报错没有password这个数据字段列描述user表mysql> desc user; ...| authentication_string | text | YES | | NULL | || password_expired | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | || password_last_changed | timestamp | YES | | NULL | || password_lifetime | smallint(5) unsigned | YES | | NULL | || account_locked | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |+------------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+-----------------------+-------+---没发现password列,但是找到这5个跟密码相关的数据字段查询一下相关的密码信息:mysql> select user,host,authentication_string,password_expired from user;+-----------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+------------------+| user | host | authentication_string | password_expired |+-----------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+------------------+| root | localhost | *9AA01F6E2A80A823ACB72CC07337E2911404B5B8 | Y || mysql.sys | localhost | *THISISNOTAVALIDPASSWORDTHATCANBEUSEDHERE | N |+-----------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+------------------+---到这里不难发现root账户的密码已过期,还比5.6多出了一个mysql.sys用户修改密码mysql> update user set authentication_string=password('123abc') where user='root'; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> exit
密码修改成功,测试:
/etc/init.d/- is .-enterprise-commercial-mysql (HY000): You must reset your password using root@ identified (HY000): Your password does satisfy the @ identified rows affected ( information_schema mysql performance_schema sys rows ( sec)
关于密码策略
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%';+--------------------------------------+--------+| Variable_name | Value |+--------------------------------------+--------+| validate_password_dictionary_file | || validate_password_length | 8 || validate_password_mixed_case_count | 1 || validate_password_number_count | 1 || validate_password_policy | MEDIUM || validate_password_special_char_count | 1 |+--------------------------------------+--------+6 rows in set (0.02 sec) mysql> show plugins;+----------------------------+----------+--------------------+----------------------+-------------+| Name | Status | Type | Library | License |+----------------------------+----------+--------------------+----------------------+-------------+| binlog | ACTIVE | STORAGE ENGINE | NULL | PROPRIETARY |...| validate_password | ACTIVE | VALIDATE PASSWORD | validate_password.so | PROPRIETARY |+----------------------------+----------+--------------------+----------------------+-------------+---可以通过在配置文件[mysqld]标签中添加 validate_passwor=off ,来关闭密码策略如下: ...| validate_password | DISABLED | VALIDATE PASSWORD | validate_password.so | PROPRIETARY |+----------------------------+----------+--------------------+----------------------+-------------+
总结
1) 安装好mysql后,第一次启动时,root管理密码会在/root/.mysql_secret中随机生成
2) 至5.7后,MySQL的 mysql.user 表中的密码字段由之前的 password 改为 authentication_string
3) 使用--skip-grant-tables 参数启动,跳过MySQL的授权验证,--skip-networking参数,跳过远程登录
4) 修改MySQL密码方式:
法1:update user set authentication_string=password('123abc') where user='root';
法2:set password=password('newpassword');
法3:alter user root@'localhost' identified by 'oracle';
法4:在shell下使用MySQL工具:mysqladmin -uroot -poldpassword pasword "newpassword"
5) 关于MySQL密码策略:
决定是否使用该插件(及强制/永久强制使用)
--validate-password=ON/OFF/FORCE/FORCE_PLUS_PERMANENT
validate_password_dictionary_file > 插件用于验证密码强度的字典文件路径。
validate_password_length > 密码最小长度。
validate_password_mixed_case_count > 密码至少要包含的小写字母个数和大写字母个数。
validate_password_number_count > 密码至少要包含的数字个数。
validate_password_policy > 密码强度检查等级,0/LOW、1/MEDIUM、2/STRONG。
validate_password_special_char_count > 密码至少要包含的特殊字符数。
其中关于validate_password_policy-密码强度检查等级:
0/LOW > 只检查长度。
1/MEDIUM > 检查长度、数字、大小写、特殊字符。
2/STRONG > 检查长度、数字、大小写、特殊字符字典文件。
后记
经过一段时间后,发现mysql初始密码原来被记录到了日志文件中
查找日志位置 [root@test /var/lib/mysql]# -ef | : pts/ :: /bin/ /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock --pid-=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid --basedir=/usr --user= : pts/ :: /usr/sbin/mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --plugin-=/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=--pid-=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid --socket=/var/lib/mysql/ : pts/ :: --/var/lib/mysql]# /var/log/--17T16::.059632Z [Note] A temporary password is generated root@localhost:
原文路径:http://www.cnblogs.com/jonsea/p/5510219.html