1. 显示当前日期：
Python代码 #! /usr/bin/env python #coding=utf-8 import time print time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %A %X %Z',time.localtime(time.time()))
或者
#! /usr/bin/env python #coding=utf-8 import time print time.time() print time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %A %X %Z", time.localtime())
你也可以用： print list(time.localtime())
结果是： 2011-02-08 Tuesday 16:30:23 Eastern Standard Time （如未特殊说明，本文全部实例结果，均为老娘我电脑下的结果）
下面是解释：
取得时间相关的信息的话，要用到python time模块,python time模块里面有很多非常好用的功能，你可以去官方
文档了解下，要取的当前时间的话，要取得当前时间的时间戳，时间戳好像是1970年到现在时间相隔的时间。
你可以试下下面的方式来取得当前时间的时间戳：
import time print time.time()
输出的结果是：1297201057.8
但是这样是一连串的数字不是我们想要的结果，我们可以利用time模块的格式化时间的方法来处理：
time.localtime(time.time())
用time.localtime()方法，作用是格式化时间戳为本地的时间。
输出的结果是：
time.struct_time(tm_year=2011, tm_mon=2, tm_mday=8, tm_hour=16, tm_min=39, tm_sec=12, tm_wday=1, tm_yday=39, tm_isdst=0)
现在看起来更有希望格式成我们想要的时间了。
time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d',time.localtime(time.time()))
最后用time.strftime()方法，把刚才的一大串信息格式化成我们想要的东西，现在的结果是：
2011-02-08
time.strftime里面有很多参数，可以让你能够更随意的输出自己想要的东西：
下面是time.strftime的参数：
strftime(format[, tuple]) -> string
将指定的struct_time(默认为当前时间)，根据指定的格式化字符串输出
python中时间日期格式化符号：
%y 两位数的年份表示（00-99）
%Y 四位数的年份表示（000-9999）
%m 月份（01-12）
%d 月内中的一天（0-31）
%H 24小时制小时数（0-23）
%I 12小时制小时数（01-12）
%M 分钟数（00=59）
%S 秒（00-59）
%a 本地简化星期名称
%A 本地完整星期名称
%b 本地简化的月份名称
%B 本地完整的月份名称
%c 本地相应的日期表示和时间表示
%j 年内的一天（001-366）
%p 本地A.M.或P.M.的等价符
%U 一年中的星期数（00-53）星期天为星期的开始
%w 星期（0-6），星期天为星期的开始
%W 一年中的星期数（00-53）星期一为星期的开始
%x 本地相应的日期表示
%X 本地相应的时间表示
%Z 当前时区的名称
%% %号本身
2. 计算时间差：
#! /usr/bin/env python #coding=utf-8 import time import datetime d1 = datetime.datetime(2011, 2, 8) d2 = datetime.datetime(2010, 12, 31) print (d1 - d2).days
结果：39
3. 计算运行时间：
#! /usr/bin/env python #coding=utf-8 import time import datetime starttime = datetime.datetime.now() time.sleep(5) endtime = datetime.datetime.now() print (endtime - starttime).seconds
结果：5
4. 计算十天之后的日期时间：
#! /usr/bin/env python #coding=utf-8 import time import datetime d1 = datetime.datetime.now() d3 = d1 + datetime.timedelta(days =10) print str(d3) print d3.ctime()
结果：
2011-02-18 16:49:28.362000
Fri Feb 18 16:49:28 2011
5. 阳历转阴历：
#! -*- encoding: GBK -*- import re import math import time import os MONTH_NAME = ["", "January", "February", "March", "April", "May", "June", "July", "August", "September", "October", "November", "December"] MONTH_DAYS = [0,31,28,31,30,31,30,31,31,30,31,30,31]; LUNAR_CALENDAR_TABLE = [ 0x04AE53,0x0A5748,0x5526BD,0x0D2650,0x0D9544,0x46AAB9,0x056A4D,0x09AD42,0x24AEB6,0x04AE4A, # //*1901-1910*/ 0x6A4DBE,0x0A4D52,0x0D2546,0x5D52BA,0x0B544E,0x0D6A43,0x296D37,0x095B4B,0x749BC1,0x049754, # //*1911-1920*/ 0x0A4B48,0x5B25BC,0x06A550,0x06D445,0x4ADAB8,0x02B64D,0x095742,0x2497B7,0x04974A,0x664B3E, # //*1921-1930*/ 0x0D4A51,0x0EA546,0x56D4BA,0x05AD4E,0x02B644,0x393738,0x092E4B,0x7C96BF,0x0C9553,0x0D4A48, # //*1931-1940*/ 0x6DA53B,0x0B554F,0x056A45,0x4AADB9,0x025D4D,0x092D42,0x2C95B6,0x0A954A,0x7B4ABD,0x06CA51, # //*1941-1950*/ 0x0B5546,0x555ABB,0x04DA4E,0x0A5B43,0x352BB8,0x052B4C,0x8A953F,0x0E9552,0x06AA48,0x6AD53C, # //*1951-1960*/ 0x0AB54F,0x04B645,0x4A5739,0x0A574D,0x052642,0x3E9335,0x0D9549,0x75AABE,0x056A51,0x096D46, # //*1961-1970*/ 0x54AEBB,0x04AD4F,0x0A4D43,0x4D26B7,0x0D254B,0x8D52BF,0x0B5452,0x0B6A47,0x696D3C,0x095B50, # //*1971-1980*/ 0x049B45,0x4A4BB9,0x0A4B4D,0xAB25C2,0x06A554,0x06D449,0x6ADA3D,0x0AB651,0x093746,0x5497BB, # //*1981-1990*/ 0x04974F,0x064B44,0x36A537,0x0EA54A,0x86B2BF,0x05AC53,0x0AB647,0x5936BC,0x092E50,0x0C9645, # //*1991-2000*/ 0x4D4AB8,0x0D4A4C,0x0DA541,0x25AAB6,0x056A49,0x7AADBD,0x025D52,0x092D47,0x5C95BA,0x0A954E, # //*2001-2010*/ 0x0B4A43,0x4B5537,0x0AD54A,0x955ABF,0x04BA53,0x0A5B48,0x652BBC,0x052B50,0x0A9345,0x474AB9, # //*2011-2020*/ 0x06AA4C,0x0AD541,0x24DAB6,0x04B64A,0x69573D,0x0A4E51,0x0D2646,0x5E933A,0x0D534D,0x05AA43, # //*2021-2030*/ 0x36B537,0x096D4B,0xB4AEBF,0x04AD53,0x0A4D48,0x6D25BC,0x0D254F,0x0D5244,0x5DAA38,0x0B5A4C, # //*2031-2040*/ 0x056D41,0x24ADB6,0x049B4A,0x7A4BBE,0x0A4B51,0x0AA546,0x5B52BA,0x06D24E,0x0ADA42,0x355B37, # //*2041-2050*/ 0x09374B,0x8497C1,0x049753,0x064B48,0x66A53C,0x0EA54F,0x06B244,0x4AB638,0x0AAE4C,0x092E42, # //*2051-2060*/ 0x3C9735,0x0C9649,0x7D4ABD,0x0D4A51,0x0DA545,0x55AABA,0x056A4E,0x0A6D43,0x452EB7,0x052D4B, # //*2061-2070*/ 0x8A95BF,0x0A9553,0x0B4A47,0x6B553B,0x0AD54F,0x055A45,0x4A5D38,0x0A5B4C,0x052B42,0x3A93B6, # //*2071-2080*/ 0x069349,0x7729BD,0x06AA51,0x0AD546,0x54DABA,0x04B64E,0x0A5743,0x452738,0x0D264A,0x8E933E, # //*2081-2090*/ 0x0D5252,0x0DAA47,0x66B53B,0x056D4F,0x04AE45,0x4A4EB9,0x0A4D4C,0x0D1541,0x2D92B5 # //*2091-2099*/ ] # 下面的三个表格是农历数据表 LunarCalendarTable 的结构。总共使用了32位整数的0～23位。 # # 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 # 表示春节的公历月份 表示春节的公历日期 # # 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 # 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 # 农历1-13 月大小 。月份对应位为1，农历月大(30 天),为0 表示小(29 天) # # 23 22 21 20 # 表示当年闰月月份，值为0 为则表示当年无闰月。 def get_month_days(year, month): global MONTH_DAYS; if(month==2): if(((year%4 == 0) and (year%100 != 0)) or (year%400 == 0)): return 29 else: return 28 else: return(MONTH_DAYS[month]); def get_syear_days(syear): if(((syear%4 == 0) and (syear%100 != 0)) or (syear%400 == 0)): return 366 else: return 365 def get_days_of_syear(syear, smonth, sday): """ get given day's number of sun year """ days = 0 for i in range(1, smonth): days += get_month_days(syear, i) days += sday return days def get_days_of_lyear(syear, smonth, sday): """ get given day's number of the lunar year """ global LUNAR_CALENDAR_TABLE lyear = syear spring_month = (LUNAR_CALENDAR_TABLE[syear-1901] & 0x60) >> 5 spring_day = (LUNAR_CALENDAR_TABLE[syear-1901] & 0x1F) if ((spring_month > smonth) or ((spring_month == smonth) and (spring_day > sday))): # the day is before spring festival day, and is previous day in lunar year spring_month = (LUNAR_CALENDAR_TABLE[syear-1901 - 1] & 0x60) >> 5 spring_day = (LUNAR_CALENDAR_TABLE[syear-1901 - 1] & 0x1F) lyear -= 1 lunar_days = get_syear_days(lyear) + get_days_of_syear(syear, smonth, sday) \ - get_days_of_syear(lyear, spring_month, spring_day) else: lunar_days = get_days_of_syear(syear, smonth, sday) \ - get_days_of_syear(syear, spring_month, spring_day) lunar_days += 1 # consider current day return (lyear, lunar_days) def get_lunar_date(syear, smonth, sday): if syear < 1901 or syear > 2099: return # lunar year, lunar days to spring festival lyear, lunar_days = get_days_of_lyear(syear, smonth, sday); l_double_month = (LUNAR_CALENDAR_TABLE[lyear-1901] >> 20 ) & 0xF lmonth = lday = 1 bits = 19 month_begin_day = 0 for lmonth in range(1, 14): l_month_big = (LUNAR_CALENDAR_TABLE[lyear-1901] >> bits) & 0x1 if month_begin_day + 29 + l_month_big < lunar_days: lmonth += 1 month_begin_day += 29 + l_month_big else: lday = lunar_days - month_begin_day break bits -= 1 if l_double_month: # lunar double month adjust if l_double_month == lmonth - 1: lmonth -= 1 lmonth += 100 # double month elif l_double_month < lmonth - 1: lmonth -= 1 return (lyear, lmonth, lday) if __name__ == "__main__": y,m,d = 2010, 9, 28 print "Sun calendar 2010-9-28 == Lunar calendar ", get_lunar_date(y,m,d)
结果：Sun calendar 2010-9-28 == Lunar calendar (2010, 8, 21)
可以看一下结果是否正确： http://site.baidu.com/list/wannianli.htm
6. Python版的农历日历Calendar
#coding=utf-8 #参见：http://download.csdn.net/source/1178 #****************************************************************************** # 下面为阴历计算所需的数据,为节省存储空间,所以采用下面比较变态的存储方法. #****************************************************************************** #数组g_lunar_month_day存入阴历1901年到2050年每年中的月天数信息， #阴历每月只能是29或30天，一年用12（或13）个二进制位表示，对应位为1表30天，否则为29天 g_lunar_month_day = [ 0x4ae0, 0xa570, 0x5268, 0xd260, 0xd950, 0x6aa8, 0x56a0, 0x9ad0, 0x4ae8, 0x4ae0, #1910 0xa4d8, 0xa4d0, 0xd250, 0xd548, 0xb550, 0x56a0, 0x96d0, 0x95b0, 0x49b8, 0x49b0, #1920 0xa4b0, 0xb258, 0x6a50, 0x6d40, 0xada8, 0x2b60, 0x9570, 0x4978, 0x4970, 0x64b0, #1930 0xd4a0, 0xea50, 0x6d48, 0x5ad0, 0x2b60, 0x9370, 0x92e0, 0xc968, 0xc950, 0xd4a0, #1940 0xda50, 0xb550, 0x56a0, 0xaad8, 0x25d0, 0x92d0, 0xc958, 0xa950, 0xb4a8, 0x6ca0, #1950 0xb550, 0x55a8, 0x4da0, 0xa5b0, 0x52b8, 0x52b0, 0xa950, 0xe950, 0x6aa0, 0xad50, #1960 0xab50, 0x4b60, 0xa570, 0xa570, 0x5260, 0xe930, 0xd950, 0x5aa8, 0x56a0, 0x96d0, #1970 0x4ae8, 0x4ad0, 0xa4d0, 0xd268, 0xd250, 0xd528, 0xb540, 0xb6a0, 0x96d0, 0x95b0, #1980 0x49b0, 0xa4b8, 0xa4b0, 0xb258, 0x6a50, 0x6d40, 0xada0, 0xab60, 0x9370, 0x4978, #1990 0x4970, 0x64b0, 0x6a50, 0xea50, 0x6b28, 0x5ac0, 0xab60, 0x9368, 0x92e0, 0xc960, #2000 0xd4a8, 0xd4a0, 0xda50, 0x5aa8, 0x56a0, 0xaad8, 0x25d0, 0x92d0, 0xc958, 0xa950, #2010 0xb4a0, 0xb550, 0xb550, 0x55a8, 0x4ba0, 0xa5b0, 0x52b8, 0x52b0, 0xa930, 0x74a8, #2020 0x6aa0, 0xad50, 0x4da8, 0x4b60, 0x9570, 0xa4e0, 0xd260, 0xe930, 0xd530, 0x5aa0, #2030 0x6b50, 0x96d0, 0x4ae8, 0x4ad0, 0xa4d0, 0xd258, 0xd250, 0xd520, 0xdaa0, 0xb5a0, #2040 0x56d0, 0x4ad8, 0x49b0, 0xa4b8, 0xa4b0, 0xaa50, 0xb528, 0x6d20, 0xada0, 0x55b0, #2050 ] #数组gLanarMonth存放阴历1901年到2050年闰月的月份，如没有则为0，每字节存两年 g_lunar_month = [ 0x00, 0x50, 0x04, 0x00, 0x20, #1910 0x60, 0x05, 0x00, 0x20, 0x70, #1920 0x05, 0x00, 0x40, 0x02, 0x06, #1930 0x00, 0x50, 0x03, 0x07, 0x00, #1940 0x60, 0x04, 0x00, 0x20, 0x70, #1950 0x05, 0x00, 0x30, 0x80, 0x06, #1960 0x00, 0x40, 0x03, 0x07, 0x00, #1970 0x50, 0x04, 0x08, 0x00, 0x60, #1980 0x04, 0x0a, 0x00, 0x60, 0x05, #1990 0x00, 0x30, 0x80, 0x05, 0x00, #2000 0x40, 0x02, 0x07, 0x00, 0x50, #2010 0x04, 0x09, 0x00, 0x60, 0x04, #2020 0x00, 0x20, 0x60, 0x05, 0x00, #2030 0x30, 0xb0, 0x06, 0x00, 0x50, #2040 0x02, 0x07, 0x00, 0x50, 0x03 #2050 ] #================================================================================== from datetime import date, datetime from calendar import Calendar as Cal START_YEAR = 1901 def is_leap_year(tm): y = tm.year return (not (y % 4)) and (y % 100) or (not (y % 400)) def show_month(tm): (ly, lm, ld) = get_ludar_date(tm) print print u"%d年%d月%d日" % (tm.year, tm.month, tm.day), week_str(tm), print u"\t农历：", y_lunar(ly), m_lunar(lm), d_lunar(ld) print print u"日\t一\t二\t三\t四\t五\t六" c = Cal() ds = [d for d in c.itermonthdays(tm.year, tm.month)] count = 0 for d in ds: count += 1 if d == 0: print "\t", continue (ly, lm, ld) = get_ludar_date(datetime(tm.year, tm.month, d)) if count % 7 == 0: print d_str = str(d) if d == tm.day: d_str = u"*" + d_str print d_str + d_lunar(ld) + u"\t", print def this_month(): show_month(datetime.now()) def week_str(tm): a = u'星期一 星期二 星期三 星期四 星期五 星期六 星期日'.split() return a[tm.weekday()] def d_lunar(ld): a = u'初一 初二 初三 初四 初五 初六 初七 初八 初九 初十\ 十一 十二 十三 十四 十五 十六 十七 十八 十九 廿十\ 廿一 廿二 廿三 廿四 廿五 廿六 廿七 廿八 廿九 三十'.split() return a[ld - 1] def m_lunar(lm): a = u'正月 二月 三月 四月 五月 六月 七月 八月 九月 十月 十一月 十二月'.split() return a[lm - 1] def y_lunar(ly): y = ly tg = u'甲 乙 丙 丁 戊 己 庚 辛 壬 癸'.split() dz = u'子 丑 寅 卯 辰 巳 午 未 申 酉 戌 亥'.split() sx = u'鼠 牛 虎 免 龙 蛇 马 羊 猴 鸡 狗 猪'.split() return tg[(y - 4) % 10] + dz[(y - 4) % 12] + u' ' + sx[(y - 4) % 12] + u'年' def date_diff(tm): return (tm - datetime(1901, 1, 1)).days def get_leap_month(lunar_year): flag = g_lunar_month[(lunar_year - START_YEAR) / 2] if (lunar_year - START_YEAR) % 2: return flag & 0x0f else: return flag >> 4 def lunar_month_days(lunar_year, lunar_month): if (lunar_year < START_YEAR): return 30 high, low = 0, 29 iBit = 16 - lunar_month; if (lunar_month > get_leap_month(lunar_year) and get_leap_month(lunar_year)): iBit -= 1 if (g_lunar_month_day[lunar_year - START_YEAR] & (1 << iBit)): low += 1 if (lunar_month == get_leap_month(lunar_year)): if (g_lunar_month_day[lunar_year - START_YEAR] & (1 << (iBit -1))): high = 30 else: high = 29 return (high, low) def lunar_year_days(year): days = 0 for i in range(1, 13): (high, low) = lunar_month_days(year, i) days += high days += low return days def get_ludar_date(tm): span_days = date_diff(tm) #阳历1901年2月19日为阴历1901年正月初一 #阳历1901年1月1日到2月19日共有49天 if (span_days <49): year = START_YEAR - 1 if (span_days <19): month = 11; day = 11 + span_days else: month = 12; day = span_days - 18 return (year, month, day) #下面从阴历1901年正月初一算起 span_days -= 49 year, month, day = START_YEAR, 1, 1 #计算年 tmp = lunar_year_days(year) while span_days >= tmp: span_days -= tmp year += 1 tmp = lunar_year_days(year) #计算月 (foo, tmp) = lunar_month_days(year, month) while span_days >= tmp: span_days -= tmp if (month == get_leap_month(year)): (tmp, foo) = lunar_month_days(year, month) if (span_days < tmp): return (0, 0, 0) span_days -= tmp month += 1 (foo, tmp) = lunar_month_days(year, month) #计算日 day += span_days return (year, month, day) #功能简单，只打印当月的 this_month()
7.计算年龄
from time import * #a function to find your age def age(): print "Enter Your Date of Birth" d=input("Day:") m=input("Month:") y=input("Year:") #get the current time in tuple format a=gmtime() #difference in day dd=a[2]-d #difference in month dm=a[1]-m #difference in year dy=a[0]-y #checks if difference in day is negative if dd<0: dd=dd+30 dm=dm-1 #checks if difference in month is negative when difference in day is also negative if dm<0: dm=dm+12 dy=dy-1 #checks if difference in month is negative when difference in day is positive if dm<0: dm=dm+12 dy=dy-1 print "Your current age is %s Years %s Months & %s Days"%(dy,dm,dd) age()
from http://justcoding.iteye.com/blog/901758/
