#ip dhcp pool global

(dhcp-config)#domain-name nhq.com

(dhcp-config)#network 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0

(dhcp-config)#lease 7


ip dhcp pool global

  network 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0

  domain-name nhq.com

  default-router 192.168.1.254

  lease 7


上面几步做好就能使用DHCP Server了,但是这做的并不全面,比如做绑定,给网段分不同地址等都还没做;我GNS3上面模拟的CISCO 3600路由器,没找到Vlan的地址分配配置;

再贴一个DHCP Server服务的请求过程:


VPCS[1]> dhcp -d

Opcode: 1 (REQUEST)

Client IP Address: 0.0.0.0

Your IP Address: 0.0.0.0

Server IP Address: 0.0.0.0

Gateway IP Address: 0.0.0.0

Client MAC Address: 00:50:79:66:68:00

Option 53: Message Type = Discover

Option 12: Host Name = VPCS1

Option 61: Client Identifier = Hardware Type=Ethernet MAC Address = 00:50:79:66:

68:00

第一次请求,客户端并没有获取到IP地址


Opcode: 2 (REPLY)

Client IP Address: 0.0.0.0

Your IP Address: 192.168.1.1

Server IP Address: 0.0.0.0

Gateway IP Address: 0.0.0.0

Client MAC Address: 00:50:79:66:68:00

Option 53: Message Type = Offer

Option 54: DHCP Server = 192.168.1.254

Option 51: Lease Time = 604394

Option 58: Renewal Time = 302197

Option 59: Rebinding Time = 528844

Option 1: Subnet Mask = 255.255.255.0

Option 15: Domain = nhq.com

Option 3: Router = 192.168.1.254

第一次答复,DHCP服务器做的答复,分配给客户机一个192.168.1.1的地址,DHCP Server地址为192.168.1.254


Opcode: 1 (REQUEST)

Client IP Address: 192.168.1.1

Your IP Address: 0.0.0.0

Server IP Address: 0.0.0.0

Gateway IP Address: 0.0.0.0

Client MAC Address: 00:50:79:66:68:00

Option 53: Message Type = Request

Option 54: DHCP Server = 192.168.1.254

Option 50: Requested IP Address = 192.168.1.1

Option 61: Client Identifier = Hardware Type=Ethernet MAC Address = 00:50:79:66:

68:00

Option 12: Host Name = VPCS1

客户端第二次请求,已经获取到IP地址


Opcode: 2 (REPLY)

Client IP Address: 192.168.1.1

Your IP Address: 192.168.1.1

Server IP Address: 0.0.0.0

Gateway IP Address: 0.0.0.0

Client MAC Address: 00:50:79:66:68:00

Option 53: Message Type = Ack

Option 54: DHCP Server = 192.168.1.254

Option 51: Lease Time = 604800

Option 58: Renewal Time = 302400

Option 59: Rebinding Time = 529200

Option 1: Subnet Mask = 255.255.255.0

Option 15: Domain = nhq.com

Option 3: Router = 192.168.1.254


IP 192.168.1.1/24 GW 192.168.1.254

DHCP服务器第二次答复,确认IP地址已经被分配掉


这里我们可以从Option 53这一行看到数据包的状态,从Discover到Offer再到Request最后到Ack;

一次DHCP请求就这样结束了