1.背景
项目中经常会有上传和下载的需求,这篇文章简述一下springboot项目中实现简单的上传和下载。
2.代码工程
实验目标
实现简单的文件上传和下载
pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>springboot-demo</artifactId>
<groupId>com.et</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>file</artifactId>
<properties>
<maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-autoconfigure</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpmime</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
controller
Web项目中,文件的上传和下载服务也是基于HTTP请求的,文件上传由于需要向服务接口提交数据,可以使用POST的请求方式,而文件的下载只是获取数据,因此可以使用GET请求方式。
package com.et.controller;
import com.et.bean.FileInfo;
import com.et.service.FileUploadService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.core.io.Resource;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
@RestController
public class HelloWorldController {
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public Map<String, Object> showHelloWorld(){
Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put("msg", "HelloWorld");
return map;
}
@Autowired
private FileUploadService fileUploadService;
/**
* upload
*
* @param files
* @return
*/
@PostMapping("/upload")
public ResponseEntity<String> upload(@RequestParam("files") MultipartFile[] files) {
fileUploadService.upload(files);
return ResponseEntity.ok("File Upload Success");
}
/**
* files
*
* @return
*/
@GetMapping("/files")
public ResponseEntity<List<FileInfo>> list() {
return ResponseEntity.ok(fileUploadService.list());
}
/**
* get file by name
*
* @param fileName
* @return
*/
@GetMapping("/files/{fileName:.+}")
public ResponseEntity<Resource> getFile(@PathVariable("fileName") String fileName) {
return ResponseEntity.ok().header(HttpHeaders.CONTENT_DISPOSITION,
"attachment; filename=\"" + fileName + "\"").body(fileUploadService.getFile(fileName));
}
}
service
创建好指定的文件存放路径文件夹后,上传逻辑只需要将接收到的文件数据赋值到指定路径后即可。
file.getInputStream(),接收文件参数的对应字节流
this.path.resolve(file.getOriginalFilename()),指定的path路径拼接接收文件的原始名称作为文件的路径信息
Files.copy(),复制文件的方法
文件的下载逻辑是根据指定的文件名称到文件资源文件夹中获取,如果存在则返回文件。
this.path.resolve(fileName),构建文件全路径
new UrlResource(file.toUri()),根据文件路径创建URL源
resource.exists() && resource.isReadable(),文件存在并且可读时返回
package com.et.service;
import com.et.bean.FileInfo;
import org.springframework.core.io.Resource;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import java.util.List;
public interface FileUploadService {
void upload(MultipartFile[] files);
List<FileInfo> list();
Resource getFile(String fileName);
}
package com.et.service.impl;
import com.et.bean.FileInfo;
import com.et.service.FileUploadService;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.core.io.FileSystemResource;
import org.springframework.core.io.Resource;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.util.FileCopyUtils;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.CopyOnWriteArrayList;
@Service
@Slf4j
public class FileUploadServiceImpl implements FileUploadService {
@Value("${upload.path:/data/upload/}")
private String filePath;
private static final List<FileInfo> FILE_STORAGE = new CopyOnWriteArrayList<>();
@Override
public void upload(MultipartFile[] files) {
SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
for (MultipartFile file : files) {
String fileName = file.getOriginalFilename();
boolean match = FILE_STORAGE.stream().anyMatch(fileInfo -> fileInfo.getFileName().equals(fileName));
if (match) {
throw new RuntimeException("File [ " + fileName + " ] already exist");
}
String currentTime = simpleDateFormat.format(new Date());
try (InputStream in = file.getInputStream();
OutputStream out = Files.newOutputStream(Paths.get(filePath + fileName))) {
FileCopyUtils.copy(in, out);
} catch (IOException e) {
log.error("File [{}] upload failed", fileName, e);
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
FileInfo fileInfo = new FileInfo().setFileName(fileName).setUploadTime(currentTime);
FILE_STORAGE.add(fileInfo);
}
}
@Override
public List<FileInfo> list() {
return FILE_STORAGE;
}
@Override
public Resource getFile(String fileName) {
FILE_STORAGE.stream()
.filter(info -> info.getFileName().equals(fileName))
.findFirst()
.orElseThrow(() -> new RuntimeException("File [ " + fileName + " ] not exist"));
File file = new File(filePath + fileName);
return new FileSystemResource(file);
}
}
application.properties
spring.servlet.multipart.max-file-size=150MB
spring.servlet.multipart.max-request-size=200MB
spring.servlet.multipart.file-size-threshold=100MB
upload.path=/Users/liuhaihua/tmp/
以上只是一些关键代码,所有代码请参见下面代码仓库
代码仓库
https://github.com/Harries/springboot-demo(File)
3.测试
启动Spring Boot应用
使用postman请求下载接口时,接口返回文件,postman会直接解析文件内容,如果无法正确解析则会显示乱码信息。如果在浏览器请求接口时,返回文件时浏览器会弹出下载文件的提示。
上传测试
下载测试
4.引用
https://github.com/callicoder/spring-boot-file-upload-download-rest-api-example
Spring Boot实现文件上传和下载 | Harries Blog™