配置一个yum仓库
[repo-id] 标识
name=
# 当前仓库描述信息；
baseurl=url://path/to/repository/
# 指明repository的访问路径；通常为一个文件服务器上输出的某repository；
url:
ftp服务
ftp://SERVER/PATH/TO/REPOSITORY
http服务
http://SERVER/PATH/TO/REPOSITORY
本地目录：
file:///PATH/TO/REPOSTIROY
enabled={1|0}
此仓库是否可被使用
gpgcheck={1|0}
是否对程序包做校验
gpgkey=url://path/to/keyfile
指明gpgkey文件路径；
cost=#
指明当前repository的访问开销，默认为1000；
[httpd] name=httpd baseurl=http://172.16.0.1/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS-6.6-x86_64/ enabled=1 gpgcheck=0
yum命令的可用选项：
-y: 自动回答为“yes”
--disablerepo=: 临时禁用在配置文件中配置并启用的某repository；
--enablerepo=：临时启用指定的某repo；
--nogpgcheck: 禁止做包校验
repolist: 列出已经配置的所有可用仓库
repolist [all|enabled|disabled]
#yum repolist
makecache: 缓存创建
自动连接至每一个可用仓库，下载其无数据，将其创建为缓存；
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum makecache Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile dvd | 4.0 kB 00:00 ... cd/filelists_db | 6.0 MB 00:00 ... cd/other_db | 2.8 MB 00:00 ... ftp | 2.9 kB 00:00 httpd | 3.0 kB 00:00 httpd/other_db | 4.3 MB 00:01 base | 2.9 kB 00:00 base/other_db | 965 kB 00:00 Metadata Cache Created [root@localhost yum.repos.d]#
程序包安装：
install package1 [package2] [...]
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum install php Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security Setting up Install Process Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package php.x86_64 0:5.3.3-38.el6 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved =========================================================================================================== Package Arch Version Repository Size =========================================================================================================== Installing: php x86_64 5.3.3-38.el6 cd 1.1 M Transaction Summary =========================================================================================================== Install 1 Package(s) Total download size: 1.1 M Installed size: 3.5 M Is this ok [y/N]: 在此键入y表示安装，键入n表示放弃安装
重新安装（覆盖安装）
reinstall package1 [package2] [...]
程序包升级：
update [package1] [package2] [...]
程序包降级：
downgrade package1 [package2] [...]
检查有哪些升级可用：
check-update
卸载：
remove | erase package1 [package2] [...]
查询：
查询程序的相关简要信息：info PACKAGE
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum info nginx Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile Installed Packages Name : nginx Arch : x86_64 Version : 1.6.2 Release : 1.el6.ngx Size : 828 k Repo : installed Summary : High performance web server URL : http://nginx.org/ License : 2-clause BSD-like license Description : nginx [engine x] is an HTTP and reverse proxy server, as well as : a mail proxy server.
包组管理：
列出所有包组：grouplist
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum grouplist Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security Setting up Group Process Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile Installed Groups: Additional Development Base Console internet tools Desktop Development tools Dial-up Networking Support Directory Client E-mail server FTP server Fonts General Purpose Desktop Graphical Administration Tools Hardware monitoring utilities Input Methods Internet Browser Legacy UNIX compatibility Legacy X Window System compatibility MySQL Database client MySQL Database server NFS file server Network Infrastructure Server Network file system client Networking Tools PHP Support Performance Tools Perl Support Security Tools System administration tools Web Server X Window System Installed Language Groups: Arabic Support [ar] Armenian Support [hy] Bhutanese Support [dz] Chinese Support [zh] Ethiopic Support [am] Georgian Support [ka] Hebrew Support [he] Inuktitut Support [iu] Japanese Support [ja] Khmer Support [km] Konkani Support [kok] Korean Support [ko] Kurdish Support [ku] Lao Support [lo] Myanmar (Burmese) Support [my] Tajik Support [tg] Venda Support [ve] Available Groups: Backup Client Done
显示指定包组详情：groupinfo group1 [...]
安装：groupinstall group1 [group2] [...]
卸载：groupremove group1 [group2] [...]
升级：groupupdate group1 [group2] [...]
示例：搭建一个xen的yum仓库。
安装httpd，用来存放软件包
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum install httpd Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security Setting up Install Process Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package httpd.x86_64 0:2.2.15-39.el6.centos will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved =========================================================================================================== Package Arch Version Repository Size =========================================================================================================== Installing: httpd x86_64 2.2.15-39.el6.centos cd 825 k Transaction Summary =========================================================================================================== Install 1 Package(s) Total download size: 825 k Installed size: 2.9 M Is this ok [y/N]:
下载xen相关的rpm包
[root@localhost ~]# cd /var/www/html/xen [root@localhost html]# lftp 172.16.0.1 lftp 172.16.0.1:~> cd /pub/Sources/6.x86_64/xen-4.1/ cd ok, cwd=/pub/Sources/6.x86_64/xen-4.1 lftp 172.16.0.1:/pub/Sources/6.x86_64/xen-4.1> ls -rw-r--r-- 1 0 0 29900 Feb 04 04:51 bridge-utils-1.5-2.el6.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 0 0 36412 Feb 04 04:57 bridge-utils-debuginfo-1.5-2.el6.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 0 0 26657636 Feb 04 04:50 kernel-xen-3.14.31-1.el6xen.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 0 0 19565560 Feb 04 04:57 kernel-xen-3.7.4-1.el6xen.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 0 0 9406304 Feb 04 04:50 kernel-xen-devel-3.14.31-1.el6xen.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 0 0 8529216 Feb 04 04:57 kernel-xen-devel-3.7.4-1.el6xen.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 0 0 33730316 Feb 04 04:50 kernel-xen-firmware-3.14.31-1.el6xen.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 0 0 1028720 Feb 04 04:57 kernel-xen-firmware-3.7.4-1.el6xen.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 0 0 908388 Feb 04 04:50 kernel-xen-headers-3.14.31-1.el6xen.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 0 0 844524 Feb 04 04:57 kernel-xen-headers-3.7.4-1.el6xen.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 0 0 10056 Feb 04 04:57 kernel-xen-release-6-4.noarch.rpm drwxr-xr-x 2 0 0 4096 Feb 04 04:57 repodata -rw-r--r-- 1 0 0 1100320 Feb 04 04:49 xen-4.1.3-2.el6.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 0 0 1040052 Feb 04 04:55 xen-4.2.1-1.el6.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 0 0 1040284 Feb 04 04:55 xen-4.2.1-2.el6.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 0 0 3317700 Feb 04 04:49 xen-debuginfo-4.1.3-2.el6.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 0 0 3228360 Feb 04 04:55 xen-debuginfo-4.2.1-2.el6.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 0 0 172844 Feb 04 04:49 xen-devel-4.1.3-2.el6.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 0 0 178800 Feb 04 04:55 xen-devel-4.2.1-1.el6.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 0 0 179012 Feb 04 04:55 xen-devel-4.2.1-2.el6.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 0 0 894736 Feb 04 04:49 xen-doc-4.1.3-2.el6.x86_64.rpm ........................................................................................................................................... lftp 172.16.0.1:/pub/Sources/6.x86_64/xen-4.1> mget *.rpm 146543076 bytes transferred in 34 seconds (4.06M/s) Total 41 files transferred lftp 172.16.0.1:/pub/Sources/6.x86_64/xen-4.1> quit
如果内网没有xen相关的包，需要连接外网进行下载。
下载完成创建repodata数据库
[root@localhost xen]# createrepo /var/www/html/xen Spawning worker 0 with 82 pkgs Workers Finished Gathering worker results Saving Primary metadata Saving file lists metadata Saving other metadata Generating sqlite DBs Sqlite DBs complete
创建完成数据库之后启动httpd服务
[root@localhost xen]# /etc/init.d/httpd start Starting httpd: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using localho st.localdomain for ServerName [ OK ]
编辑yum的配置文件，添加自己建立的yum仓库信息
[root@localhost xen]# vim/etc/yum.repos.d/centos6.6.repo [httpd] name=httpd baseurl=http://172.16.4.100/pub/ gpgcheck=0 enable=1 [root@localhost xen]# yum repolist Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile repo id repo name status http httpd 41
安装xen
[root@localhost html]# yum install xen Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security Setting up Install Process Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package xen.x86_64 0:4.2.1-2.el6 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved =========================================================================================================== Package Arch Version Repository Size =========================================================================================================== Installing: xen x86_64 4.2.1-2.el6 ftp 1.0 M Transaction Summary =========================================================================================================== Install 1 Package(s) Total download size: 1.0 M Installed size: 4.3 M Is this ok [y/N]:
