1、显示/etc目录下,以非字母开头,后面跟了一个字母以及其它任意长度任意字符的文件或目录
ls /etc/ |grep "^[^[:alpha:]][[:alpha:]]\{1\}.*"
2、复制/etc目录下所有以p开头,以非数字结尾的文件或目录到/tmp/mytest1目录中。
mkdir -p /tmp/mytest1
cp -r /etc/p*[^[:digit:]] /tmp/mytest1
3、将/etc/issue文件中的内容转换为大写后保存至/tmp/issue.out文件中
cat /etc/issue |tr 'a-z' 'A-Z' >>/tmp/issue.out
4、请总结描述用户和组管理类命令的使用方法并完成以下练习:
** (1)、创建组distro,其GID为2019;**
[root@localhost home]#** groupadd -g 2019 distro** [root@localhost home]#getent group distro distro:x:2019: [root@localhost home]#
** (2)、创建用户mandriva, 其ID号为1005;基本组为distro;
**
[root@localhost home]#useradd -u 1005 -g distro mandriva
[root@localhost home]#id mandriva
uid=1005(mandriva) gid=2019(distro) groups=2019(distro)
[root@localhost home]#
** (3)、创建用户mageia,其ID号为1100,家目录为/home/linux; **
[root@localhost home]#**useradd -u 1100 -d /home/linux mageia ** [root@localhost home]#id 1100 uid=1100(mageia) gid=1100(mageia) groups=1100(mageia) [root@localhost home]#su - mageia [mageia@localhost ~]$pwd /home/linux [mageia@localhost ~]$
** (4)、给用户mageia添加密码,密码为mageedu,并设置用户密码7天后过期 **
[root@localhost home]#echo mageedu |passwd --stdin mageia Changing password for user mageia. passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully. [root@localhost home]# [root@localhost home]#chage -M 7 mageia [root@localhost home]#getent shadow mageia mageia:$6$bA2Hf5EJ$xP/QRTQN3Sivh/iAfCLCgZFEHvu6zqL4qVPzf3vPRcxBTqN2fmy9pixKUCSnWnI./Fd4bVvDrp7dA1rDJeS8p1:18435:0:7:7:::
** (5)、删除mandriva,但保留其家目录;
**
[root@localhost home]#userdel mandriva
[root@localhost home]#ll /home/mandriva
total 0
[root@localhost home]#ll -d /home/mandriva
drwx------. 3 1005 distro 4096 Jun 22 22:13 /home/mandriva
[root@localhost home]#
** (6)、创建用户slackware,其ID号为2002,基本组为distro,附加组peguin;
**
[root@localhost home]#groupadd peguin
[root@localhost home]#useradd -u 2002 -g distro -G peguin slackware
[root@localhost home]#id 2002
uid=2002(slackware) gid=2019(distro) groups=2019(distro),2020(peguin)
[root@localhost home]#
** (7)、修改slackware的默认shell为/bin/tcsh;
**
[root@localhost home]#getent passwd slackware
slackware:x:2002:2019::/home/slackware:/bin/bash
[root@localhost home]#usermod -s /bin/tcsh slackware
[root@localhost home]#getent passwd slackware
slackware:x:2002:2019::/home/slackware:/bin/tcsh
** (8)、为用户slackware新增附加组admins; **
[root@localhost home]#id slackware
uid=2002(slackware) gid=2019(distro) groups=2019(distro),2020(peguin)
[root@localhost home]#groupadd admins
[root@localhost home]#usermod -a -G admins slackware
[root@localhost home]#id slackware
uid=2002(slackware) gid=2019(distro) groups=2019(distro),2020(peguin),2021(admins)