1、建立口令文件，用于sys用户远程登录的认证（remote_login_passwordfile=exclusive），位置
$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwSID.创建命令： orapwd
[oracle@work dbs]$ orapwd file=orapwprod password=oracle entries=5
force=y
remote_login_passwordfile
1)none 拒绝sys用户从远程连接
2）exclusive sys用户可以从远程连接
3）share 多个库可以共享口令文件
SQL>ALTER SYSTEM SET remote_login_passwordfile=NONE SCOPE=SPFILE
【拒绝远程登录】
2、创建init parameter 文件
[oracle@oracle dbs]$more initdw.ora |grep -v '^#'|grep -v '^$'
>initlx02.ora
建立目录
[oracle@oracle dbs]$ mkdir -p $ORACLE_BASE/admin/lx02/bdump
[oracle@oracle dbs]$ mkdir -p $ORACLE_BASE/admin/lx02/cdump
[oracle@oracle dbs]$ mkdir -p $ORACLE_BASE/admin/lx02/udump
[oracle@oracle dbs]$ mkdir -p $ORACLE_BASE/oradata/lx02【存放控制文件的位置】
修改初始化文件
[oracle@oracle dbs]$ vi initlx02.ora
db_name = lx02
sga_target = 300M
db_block_size = 8192
pga_aggregate_target = 30M
db_cache_size = 80M
shared_pool_size = 60M
parallel_threads_per_cpu = 4
optimizer_mode = choose
star_transformation_enabled = true
db_file_multiblock_read_count = 16
query_rewrite_enabled = true
query_rewrite_integrity = trusted
background_dump_dest = $ORACLE_BASE/admin/lx02/bdump
user_dump_dest = $ORACLE_BASE/admin/lx02/udump
core_dump_dest = $ORACLE_BASE/admin/lx02/cdump
control_files = $ORACLE_BASE/oradata/lx02/control01.ctl
undo_management = auto
undo_tablespace = rtbs
3、建立建库脚本
1、库名
2、表空间及数据文件的位置和大小
3、redo 日志文件的位置和大小
4、字符集
（1）建库脚本：vi cr_db.sql
CREATE DATABASE anny
USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY oracle
USER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED BY oracle
LOGFILE GROUP 1 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/anny/redo01.log') SIZE 100M,
GROUP 2 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/anny/redo02.log') SIZE 100M,
GROUP 3 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/anny/redo03.log') SIZE 100M
MAXLOGFILES 10
MAXLOGMEMBERS 5
MAXLOGHISTORY 1
MAXDATAFILES 100
MAXINSTANCES 1
CHARACTER SET zhs16gbk
NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16
DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/anny/system01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE
EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL（启动本地管理空闲区）
SYSAUX DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/anny/sysaux01.dbf' SIZE 325M
REUSE
DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE temp
TEMPFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/anny/temp01.dbf'
SIZE 20M REUSE
UNDO TABLESPACE rtbs【这个名字要和初始化文件的一致】
DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/anny/rtbs01.dbf'
SIZE 200M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED;
【根据自己的实际需求更改】
告警日志信息：
create tablespace SYSTEM datafile '$ORACLE_BASE/oradata/test/system01.dbf'
size 400m
default storage (initial 10K next 10K) online
Sat Aug 20 00:26:34 2011
Completed: create tablespace SYSTEM datafile
'$ORACLE_BASE/oradata/test/system01.dbf' size 400m
default storage (initial 10K next 10K) EXTENT MANAGEMENT DICTIONARY
online
Sat Aug 20 00:26:34 2011
create rollback segment SYSTEM tablespace SYSTEM
storage (initial 50K next 50K)
Completed: create rollback segment SYSTEM tablespace SYSTEM
storage (initial 50K next 50K)
Sat Aug 20 00:26:49 2011
Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 2
Current log# 2 seq# 2 mem# 0: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/redo02a.log
Sat Aug 20 00:26:50 2011
CREATE UNDO TABLESPACE RTBS DATAFILE '$ORACLE_BASE/oradata/test/rtbs01.dbf'
size 100m
Sat Aug 20 00:26:51 2011
Successfully onlined Undo Tablespace 1.
Completed: CREATE UNDO TABLESPACE RTBS DATAFILE
'$ORACLE_BASE/oradata/test/rtbs01.dbf' size 100m
Sat Aug 20 00:26:51 2011
create tablespace SYSAUX datafile '$ORACLE_BASE/oradata/test/sysaux01.dbf'
size 100m
EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO online
Completed: create tablespace SYSAUX datafile
'$ORACLE_BASE/oradata/test/sysaux01.dbf' size 100m
EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO online
Sat Aug 20 00:26:54 2011
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLESPACE TEMP TEMPFILE
'$ORACLE_BASE/oradata/test/temp01.dbf' size 100m
Completed: CREATE TEMPORARY TABLESPACE TEMP TEMPFILE
'$ORACLE_BASE/oradata/test/temp01.dbf' size 100m
Sat Aug 20 00:26:55 2011
ALTER DATABASE DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE TEMP
Completed: ALTER DATABASE DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE TEMP
Sat Aug 20 00:26:55 2011
ALTER DATABASE DEFAULT TABLESPACE SYSTEM
Completed: ALTER DATABASE DEFAULT TABLESPACE SYSTEM
Sat Aug 20 00:27:01 2011
SMON: enabling tx recovery
Sat Aug 20 00:27:02 2011
Threshold validation cannot be done before catproc is loaded.
replication_dependency_tracking turned off (no async multimaster replication
found)
Starting background process QMNC
QMNC started with pid=13, OS id=6485
Sat Aug 20 00:27:03 2011
Completed: create database test
user sys identified by **user system identified by *datafile
'$ORACLE_BASE/oradata/test/system01.dbf' size 400m
sysaux datafile '$ORACLE_BASE/oradata/test/sysaux01.dbf' size 100m
undo tablespace rtbs datafile '$ORACLE_BASE/oradata/test/rtbs01.dbf' size
100m
default temporary tablespace temp tempfile
'$ORACLE_BASE/oradata/test/temp01.dbf' size 100m
logfile
group 1 '$ORACLE_BASE/oradata/test/redo01a.log' size 10m,
group 2 '$ORACLE_BASE/oradata/test/redo02a.log' size 10m,
group 3 '$ORACLE_BASE/oradata/test/redo03a.log' size 10m
character set zhs16gbk
（2）export ORACLE_SID=lx02
（3）启动数据库到nomount状态，startup nomount
（4）启动告警日志 tail -f /$ORACLE_BASE/admin/lx02/bdump
（5）运行建库脚本：@/export/home/oracle/cr_db.sql
4、建立数据字典
创建数据字典脚本：vi cr_dict.sql
@$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql
@$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql
conn system/oracle
@$ORACLE_HOME/sqlplus/admin/pupbld.sql
执行数据字典脚本：@/export/home/oracle/cr_dict.sql
5、创建users 表空间，作为普通用户的默认表空间
SQL> select tablespace_name from dba_tablespaces;【如果执行不成功，说明上一步有问题】
TABLESPACE_NAME
------------------------------
SYSTEM
RTBS
SYSAUX
TEMP
4 rows selected.
08:08:27 SQL> col file_name for a50
08:08:37 SQL> select file_id,file_name,tablespace_name from
dba_data_files;
FILE_ID FILE_NAME
TABLESPACE_NAME
---------- --------------------------------------------------
------------------------------
1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/lx02/system01.dbf SYSTEM
2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/lx02/rtbs01.dbf RTBS
3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/lx02/sysaux01.dbf SYSAUX
SQL> create tablespace users
2 datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/lx02/user01.dbf' size 100m;【创建表空间】
Tablespace created.
select * from database_properties；【查看数据库的属性】
SQL> alter database default tablespace users;【修改users的默认表空间】
Database altered.
08:10:45 SQL> select file_id,file_name,tablespace_name from
dba_data_files;【查看数据文件】
FILE_ID FILE_NAME
TABLESPACE_NAME
---------- --------------------------------------------------
------------------------------
1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/lx02/system01.dbf SYSTEM
2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/lx02/rtbs01.dbf RTBS
3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/lx02/sysaux01.dbf SYSAUX
4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/lx02/user01.dbf USERS
SQL> select file_name,file_id,tablespace_name from dba_temp_files;【查看临时表空间，临时表不和数据文件放在一起】
FILE_NAME FILE_ID
TABLESPACE_NAME
-------------------------------------------------- ----------
----------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/anny/temp01.dbf 1 TEMP
select username,default_tablespace,temporary_tablespace from
dba_users;【查看用户的默认表空间】
USERNAME DEFAULT_TABLESP TEMPORARY_TABLESPACE
--------------- ---------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
OUTLN SYSTEM TEMP
SYS SYSTEM TEMP
SYSTEM SYSTEM TEMP
SCOTT USERS TEMP
TOM USERS TEMP
DBSNMP SYSAUX TEMP
TSMSYS USERS TEMP
DIP USERS TEMP
4 rows selected.
6、添加scott 案例
SQL> @$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/utlsampl.sql【运行该脚本就可以使用系统模板】
Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 -
Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
到此，完成手工建库~~
